基于二氧化钛纳米材料染料敏化太阳能电池的研制
摘要
随着世界经济的发展和技术的进步,人类对能源的消耗也越来越多。在可再生能源的研究中,太阳能技术是人们现在研究的热点。太阳能作为一种取之不尽、用之不竭的绿色能源是解决能源危机的最佳途径之一。
目前,染料敏化纳米晶太阳能电池是纳米技术和光电转换材料研究领域的热点之一,它具有成本低、转化效率高的优点,因此具有广阔的发展前景。静电纺丝技术因其高效、操作简单等优点,近年来己成为制备无机氧化物低维纳米材料的重要方法之一。纳米Ti02作为一种光催化材料,在环境保护、光能转换、工业催化等领域有着极为广泛的应用。
本文中采用溶胶-凝胶法配制具有一定粘度的前驱溶液,采用静电纺丝技术成功地制备出PVP/[Ti(SO4)2+(NH2)2CO]复合纳米纤维、纳米带以及中空纳米管,PVP/[Ti(SO4)2+AgNO3]复合纳米纤维、纳米带以及中空纳米管,PVP/[Ti(SO4)2+(NH2)2CO+AgNO3]纳米纤维、纳米带以及中空纳米管,PVP/Ti(OC4H9)4纳米纤维。经过高温焙烧制得掺N、Ag以及双掺二氧化钛纳米纤维、纳米带以及中空纳米管,并将制得的Ti02纳米纤维应用在染料敏化太阳能电池的基底物质上,采用N3染料对其进行敏化处理,I3-/I-作为液体电解质,组装并密封染料敏化太阳能电池。
利用XRD、FTIR、SEM等分析手段对制备样品进行了系统表征。结果表明,掺氮TiO2纳米纤维平均直径在150-165nm,纳米带平均宽度在5000-8000 nm,厚度大约为600nm,中空纳米管平均直径在900-1200 nm。掺银Ti02纳米纤维平均直径在97-112 nm,纳米带平均宽度在5000-7000 nm,厚度大约为600 nm,中空纳米管平均直径在1700-2000 nm。氮和银双掺Ti02纳米纤维平均直径在110-150 nm,纳米带平均宽度在6000-7200 nm,中空纳米管平均直径1130-1270 nm。
With the advancement of world economy and technology, more and more energy is being consumed by mankind. Of all the available technologies producing renewable energy, photovoltaic techniques are a hot topic of research. The solar energy, an inexhaustible green energy, is one of the optimal ways to resolve energy crisis.
Currently, dye-sensitized nano-crystalline solar cell (DSSC) is one of popular research realm in the fields of nanotechnology and photoelectric conversion material, and it has broad prospects due to its low cost and high efficiency.In recent years, electrospinning technology has been proved to be one of the effective methods to prepare inorganic oxides low-dimensional nonmaterial owing to its high efficiency, simple operation and so on. Nano-TiO2 particles, a prospective photocatalytic material, have expensive applications in areas such as environmental protection, solar energy conversion and industrial catalysts.
In this dissertation, sol-gel method was applied to prepare the precursor solution with certain viscosity, and electrospinning technique was used to fabricate PVP/[Ti(SO4)2+ (NH2)2CO] composite nanofibers, nanobelts and nanotubes, PVP/[Ti(SO4)2+AgNO3] composite nanofibers, nanobelts and nanotubes, PVP/[Ti(SO4)2+(NH2)2CO+AgNO3] composite nanofibers, nanobelts and nanotubes, PVP/Ti(OC4H9)4 nanofibers.The prepared TiO2 nanofibers were employed as the thin film materials in assembling solar cells, N3 was used as sensitizers to sensitize the film and I3-/I- solution was used as electrolyte.
The samples were systematically characterized by XRD, FTIR, SEM, et al. The average of diameter:N doped TiO2 nanofibers were 150～165 nm, nanotubes were 900-1200 nm. Widths of nanobelts were 5000-8000 nm and the thickness was 600 nm. Ag doped TiO2 nanofibers were 97～112 nm, nanotubes were 1700～2000 nm. Widths of nanobelts were 5000-7000 nm and the thickness was 600 nm. N, Ag doped TiO2 nanofibers were 110～150 nm. nanotubes were 1130～1270 nm. Widths of nanobelts were 6000～7200 nm and the thickness was 600 nm.
目前,染料敏化纳米晶太阳能电池是纳米技术和光电转换材料研究领域的热点之一,它具有成本低、转化效率高的优点,因此具有广阔的发展前景。静电纺丝技术因其高效、操作简单等优点,近年来己成为制备无机氧化物低维纳米材料的重要方法之一。纳米Ti02作为一种光催化材料,在环境保护、光能转换、工业催化等领域有着极为广泛的应用。
本文中采用溶胶-凝胶法配制具有一定粘度的前驱溶液,采用静电纺丝技术成功地制备出PVP/[Ti(SO4)2+(NH2)2CO]复合纳米纤维、纳米带以及中空纳米管,PVP/[Ti(SO4)2+AgNO3]复合纳米纤维、纳米带以及中空纳米管,PVP/[Ti(SO4)2+(NH2)2CO+AgNO3]纳米纤维、纳米带以及中空纳米管,PVP/Ti(OC4H9)4纳米纤维。经过高温焙烧制得掺N、Ag以及双掺二氧化钛纳米纤维、纳米带以及中空纳米管,并将制得的Ti02纳米纤维应用在染料敏化太阳能电池的基底物质上,采用N3染料对其进行敏化处理,I3-/I-作为液体电解质,组装并密封染料敏化太阳能电池。
利用XRD、FTIR、SEM等分析手段对制备样品进行了系统表征。结果表明,掺氮TiO2纳米纤维平均直径在150-165nm,纳米带平均宽度在5000-8000 nm,厚度大约为600nm,中空纳米管平均直径在900-1200 nm。掺银Ti02纳米纤维平均直径在97-112 nm,纳米带平均宽度在5000-7000 nm,厚度大约为600 nm,中空纳米管平均直径在1700-2000 nm。氮和银双掺Ti02纳米纤维平均直径在110-150 nm,纳米带平均宽度在6000-7200 nm,中空纳米管平均直径1130-1270 nm。
With the advancement of world economy and technology, more and more energy is being consumed by mankind. Of all the available technologies producing renewable energy, photovoltaic techniques are a hot topic of research. The solar energy, an inexhaustible green energy, is one of the optimal ways to resolve energy crisis.
Currently, dye-sensitized nano-crystalline solar cell (DSSC) is one of popular research realm in the fields of nanotechnology and photoelectric conversion material, and it has broad prospects due to its low cost and high efficiency.In recent years, electrospinning technology has been proved to be one of the effective methods to prepare inorganic oxides low-dimensional nonmaterial owing to its high efficiency, simple operation and so on. Nano-TiO2 particles, a prospective photocatalytic material, have expensive applications in areas such as environmental protection, solar energy conversion and industrial catalysts.
In this dissertation, sol-gel method was applied to prepare the precursor solution with certain viscosity, and electrospinning technique was used to fabricate PVP/[Ti(SO4)2+ (NH2)2CO] composite nanofibers, nanobelts and nanotubes, PVP/[Ti(SO4)2+AgNO3] composite nanofibers, nanobelts and nanotubes, PVP/[Ti(SO4)2+(NH2)2CO+AgNO3] composite nanofibers, nanobelts and nanotubes, PVP/Ti(OC4H9)4 nanofibers.The prepared TiO2 nanofibers were employed as the thin film materials in assembling solar cells, N3 was used as sensitizers to sensitize the film and I3-/I- solution was used as electrolyte.
The samples were systematically characterized by XRD, FTIR, SEM, et al. The average of diameter:N doped TiO2 nanofibers were 150～165 nm, nanotubes were 900-1200 nm. Widths of nanobelts were 5000-8000 nm and the thickness was 600 nm. Ag doped TiO2 nanofibers were 97～112 nm, nanotubes were 1700～2000 nm. Widths of nanobelts were 5000-7000 nm and the thickness was 600 nm. N, Ag doped TiO2 nanofibers were 110～150 nm. nanotubes were 1130～1270 nm. Widths of nanobelts were 6000～7200 nm and the thickness was 600 nm.
引文
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