电纺丝技术制备纳米光催化剂NiO和TiO_2/NiO及其应用的研究
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摘要
本文主要研究了电纺丝技术制备纳米光催化剂NiO和TiO_2/NiO,以及它们在光催化方面的应用。
本文以静电纺丝法制备了NiO纳米纤维和TiO_2/NiO复合纳米纤维,并对其进行了差热-热重分析(TG-DTA)、红外光谱(IR)、X射线粉末衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)等表征。结果表明,煅烧后的纳米纤维表面光滑,直径约70-100nm。光催化降解亚甲基蓝水溶液结果表明:NiO纳米纤维50min后对亚甲基蓝的水溶液降解率达到95%以上,TiO_2/NiO复合纳米纤维,20min后对亚甲基蓝的水溶液降解率达到98%以上。复合纳米纤维的光催化降解效果优于纯锐钛矿的TiO_2和纯NiO。
针对目前光催化技术应用中存在的粉末回收困难等问题,采用新的催化剂负载技术,即电纺丝技术,将NiO、TiO_2和TiO_2/NiO纳米粒子嵌入环境友好材料海藻酸钠中,制备TiO_2-NiO/SA(SA指海藻酸钠)复合纳米纤维,并将其应用于染料降解,解决催化剂回收难的问题。采用红外光谱、扫描电镜和透射电镜等物理化学方法表征、测定各复合纤维的表面结构与催化活性。以TiO_2-NiO/SA复合纳米纤维光催化降解亚甲基蓝作为模型反应,探讨了不同因素对光催化脱色降解效果的影响,同时探讨了亚甲基蓝的降解机理。
The preparation and the catalytic properties of NiO,TiO_2/NiO were investigated. The electrospinning technique and its application for preparing nano marerials were investigated,too.
NiO and TiO_2/NiO nanofibers were prepared by electrospinning technique.The nanofibres were characterized by TG-DTA,FT-IR,XRD and SEM,respectively, and were applied to the process of the photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue. Experiment results show that the nanofibres were smooth with a diameter of 50-100 nm.The degradation rate of methylene blue reached 95%in a seperated NiO nanofibers solution by UV illumination for 50 minutes,and 98%in the seperated TiO_2/NiO nanofibers solution for 20 minutes.Composite nanofibers have a better photocatalytic property for phenol degradation than that of pure TiO_2 or NiO.
In order to solve the problem of recycle of catalyst powder,the composite nanofibers thin films of NiO/SA,TiO_2/SA and TiO_2-NiO/SA were prepared by the electrospinning technique.SA was used as the spinned liquid.The thin films w(?)re applied to the photocatalytic degradation process of methylene blue.The surfa(?)e configuration and catalytic activities of the films were characterized by FTIR、SEM、XRD、TEM techniques.
本文以静电纺丝法制备了NiO纳米纤维和TiO_2/NiO复合纳米纤维,并对其进行了差热-热重分析(TG-DTA)、红外光谱(IR)、X射线粉末衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)等表征。结果表明,煅烧后的纳米纤维表面光滑,直径约70-100nm。光催化降解亚甲基蓝水溶液结果表明:NiO纳米纤维50min后对亚甲基蓝的水溶液降解率达到95%以上,TiO_2/NiO复合纳米纤维,20min后对亚甲基蓝的水溶液降解率达到98%以上。复合纳米纤维的光催化降解效果优于纯锐钛矿的TiO_2和纯NiO。
针对目前光催化技术应用中存在的粉末回收困难等问题,采用新的催化剂负载技术,即电纺丝技术,将NiO、TiO_2和TiO_2/NiO纳米粒子嵌入环境友好材料海藻酸钠中,制备TiO_2-NiO/SA(SA指海藻酸钠)复合纳米纤维,并将其应用于染料降解,解决催化剂回收难的问题。采用红外光谱、扫描电镜和透射电镜等物理化学方法表征、测定各复合纤维的表面结构与催化活性。以TiO_2-NiO/SA复合纳米纤维光催化降解亚甲基蓝作为模型反应,探讨了不同因素对光催化脱色降解效果的影响,同时探讨了亚甲基蓝的降解机理。
The preparation and the catalytic properties of NiO,TiO_2/NiO were investigated. The electrospinning technique and its application for preparing nano marerials were investigated,too.
NiO and TiO_2/NiO nanofibers were prepared by electrospinning technique.The nanofibres were characterized by TG-DTA,FT-IR,XRD and SEM,respectively, and were applied to the process of the photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue. Experiment results show that the nanofibres were smooth with a diameter of 50-100 nm.The degradation rate of methylene blue reached 95%in a seperated NiO nanofibers solution by UV illumination for 50 minutes,and 98%in the seperated TiO_2/NiO nanofibers solution for 20 minutes.Composite nanofibers have a better photocatalytic property for phenol degradation than that of pure TiO_2 or NiO.
In order to solve the problem of recycle of catalyst powder,the composite nanofibers thin films of NiO/SA,TiO_2/SA and TiO_2-NiO/SA were prepared by the electrospinning technique.SA was used as the spinned liquid.The thin films w(?)re applied to the photocatalytic degradation process of methylene blue.The surfa(?)e configuration and catalytic activities of the films were characterized by FTIR、SEM、XRD、TEM techniques.
引文
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