面向智能电网的公共信息模型及其若干关键应用研究
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摘要
智能电网的提出和发展,给电力行业带来了全新的变革和发展机遇。以信息化、自动化和互动化为特征的坚强智能电网建设,需要完善和开放的技术标准体系支持,而CIM (Common Information Model,公共信息模型)正是智能电网的核心标准。CIM涵盖了电力企业全景语义信息和标准接口规范,有丰富多样的技术表达形式,能在各业务领域环节得以广泛的应用,是智能电网建设的重要技术支撑。
本文回顾国内外智能电网的研究状况,以中国坚强智能电网的规划为研究参考,重点探讨企业公共语义模型和技术标准对智能电网的支撑作用,针对电力信息化中标准规范数据库设计、企业应用系统集成和统一命名编码三大问题,相对应地研究了CIM在智能电网的输变电资产管理、电网企业应用集成、智能调度编码等三个关键领域的应用,开发了CIM模型管理系统,实现了模型管理和数据服务等功能。本文所做的主要工作可归纳为以下五个方面：
1)分析了电网企业的信息化和自动化现状,指出统一信息模型和标准接口是解决信息孤岛问题的关键。总结了国内外智能电网核心技术标准,明确了CIM在智能电网核心标准的核心地位；提出电力信息资源规划的基本问题,阐明了CIM在电力信息资源整合中的关键作用。研究了CIM的理论技术背景、建模方法和扩展实例,并重点概述了CIM在电网企业应用集成、资产管理和调度编码等智能电网关键领域中的应用。
2)从复杂信息系统建设的规律出发,基于IEC61970/61968CIM,阐释了资产信息模型理论,分析了电力系统资源和资产的区别；提出了电力信息建模的原则和方法,并据此扩展资产信息模型,包括资产基础模型和工作模型；介绍了资产模型的各种应用,如资产数据库设计、资产分类与编码设计等；理清资产与功能位置的关系、资产管理与物资和财务管理的关联集成。
3)针对目前电网管理中应用集成的现状和不足,引入面向服务架构的企业应用集成方法。按照信息集成与互操作的自身规律,遵循IEC61968标准和模型驱动集成MDI的方法论,定义了基于CIM语义和XSD语法的应用间消息交互文件,再采用WebServices技术标准将其封装成服务。形成模型驱动流水线式的面向服务架构的企业应用集成的开发方案。
4)调度中心自动化系统对电网模型编码方式不一致,增加了系统间模型交互和上下级电网间模型拼接的困难。为了满足智能调度的一体化模型管理需求,首次提出并设计了一种基于公共信息模型的电网智能调度编码体系。该编码体系包含调度编码规范、CIM/XML交换规范和编码校验规范三方面自上而下的规范,能够解决各级调度中心长期以来在电网调度编码上没有一致标准和编码规范无法深入推广应用的难题。
5)以公共信息模型CIM为基础,开发了基于MOF技术的信息模型管理系统SG-CIM-FINDER。分析了系统设计原理,介绍了系统的模型管理和数据服务等功能,并以数据库设计和封装、调度中心系统集成、变电站与主站的数据交换和电网企业应用系统集成为例,给出了系统多种切实可行的应用模式。
Raising and development of smart grid has brought new opportunities for the power industry. China's strong and smart grid which has three characteristics of the informatization, automation, and interaction, needs the support of complete and open technology standard system, while IEC61970/61968CIM is just the core standard of Smart Grid. CIM covers the panoramic semantic information and the standard interface specifications, and has rich forms of expressions and a wide range of applications in various business areas of electric power enterprise, is the important technical support for the construction of Smart Grid.
This dissertation reviews the status of the smart grid at home and abroad, refers to the strong and smart grid development plan of SGCC, focuses on the supporting role of the underlying information model and technical standards for smart grid, studies the applications of CIM in the three key areas of smart grid such as distribution management application integration, asset management, intelligent scheduling coding. The CIM model management software is developed to fulfill model management and data maintenance functions. The main work done in this dissertation can be summarized in the following five areas:
1) Power grid information technology and automation status analyzed, the unified information model and interface is the key to solve the Information Island problem, the foreign Smart Grid core technical standards summed up, the critical role of CIM among the smart grid core standards cleared, the theoretical background, the modeling methodology and extension examples of CIM studied, and the CIM application status in the key Smart Grid areas of distribution management application integration, asset management and scheduling coding reviewed.
2) The construction rules of complex information system abided by, the asset information model theory proposed, the difference between Power System Resource and Asset has been analyzed and compared, all based on the IEC61970/61968CIM. The disciplines and methods are presented, which is applied to extend asset information model, including base model and operation model. Finally various applications of asset model are discussed, such as asset database design, asset classification and coding design; moreover, integration scheme of asset management with materials and finance management is roughly studied.
3) The status and shortage of distribution management application integration described, Service-Oriented Architecture for Enterprise Application Integration introduced, according to the objectives and requirements of smart distribution grid, in accordance with the law of information integration and interoperability, following the IEC61968standard and Model-Driven Integration methodology, the message interaction files based on CIM semantics and XSD syntax defined, then Web Services technical standards used to complete the service encapsulation, service-oriented and model driven assembly line-styled application integration program proposed.
4) Although the CIM-based grid model has been adopted, it is difficult to share the model among the systems and connect together models of different grids because of their own private encoding rules. To solve the problems, this paper originally proposes a CIM-based encoding system that consists of dispatching encoding specification, CIM/XML exchange standard and encoding verification rules, which sets up coding standards for the dispatching center and could be executed via the coding tool software.
5) In order to integrate the power information resources, power enterprise need to build a unified information model. The information model management software SG-CIM-FINDER developed based on the MOF technology, software design ideas and principles analyzed, software functions of model management and data maintenance introduced, two practical software application modes proposed in the scenarios of the dispatch center system integration and data exchange between substation and control center.
本文回顾国内外智能电网的研究状况,以中国坚强智能电网的规划为研究参考,重点探讨企业公共语义模型和技术标准对智能电网的支撑作用,针对电力信息化中标准规范数据库设计、企业应用系统集成和统一命名编码三大问题,相对应地研究了CIM在智能电网的输变电资产管理、电网企业应用集成、智能调度编码等三个关键领域的应用,开发了CIM模型管理系统,实现了模型管理和数据服务等功能。本文所做的主要工作可归纳为以下五个方面：
1)分析了电网企业的信息化和自动化现状,指出统一信息模型和标准接口是解决信息孤岛问题的关键。总结了国内外智能电网核心技术标准,明确了CIM在智能电网核心标准的核心地位；提出电力信息资源规划的基本问题,阐明了CIM在电力信息资源整合中的关键作用。研究了CIM的理论技术背景、建模方法和扩展实例,并重点概述了CIM在电网企业应用集成、资产管理和调度编码等智能电网关键领域中的应用。
2)从复杂信息系统建设的规律出发,基于IEC61970/61968CIM,阐释了资产信息模型理论,分析了电力系统资源和资产的区别；提出了电力信息建模的原则和方法,并据此扩展资产信息模型,包括资产基础模型和工作模型；介绍了资产模型的各种应用,如资产数据库设计、资产分类与编码设计等；理清资产与功能位置的关系、资产管理与物资和财务管理的关联集成。
3)针对目前电网管理中应用集成的现状和不足,引入面向服务架构的企业应用集成方法。按照信息集成与互操作的自身规律,遵循IEC61968标准和模型驱动集成MDI的方法论,定义了基于CIM语义和XSD语法的应用间消息交互文件,再采用WebServices技术标准将其封装成服务。形成模型驱动流水线式的面向服务架构的企业应用集成的开发方案。
4)调度中心自动化系统对电网模型编码方式不一致,增加了系统间模型交互和上下级电网间模型拼接的困难。为了满足智能调度的一体化模型管理需求,首次提出并设计了一种基于公共信息模型的电网智能调度编码体系。该编码体系包含调度编码规范、CIM/XML交换规范和编码校验规范三方面自上而下的规范,能够解决各级调度中心长期以来在电网调度编码上没有一致标准和编码规范无法深入推广应用的难题。
5)以公共信息模型CIM为基础,开发了基于MOF技术的信息模型管理系统SG-CIM-FINDER。分析了系统设计原理,介绍了系统的模型管理和数据服务等功能,并以数据库设计和封装、调度中心系统集成、变电站与主站的数据交换和电网企业应用系统集成为例,给出了系统多种切实可行的应用模式。
Raising and development of smart grid has brought new opportunities for the power industry. China's strong and smart grid which has three characteristics of the informatization, automation, and interaction, needs the support of complete and open technology standard system, while IEC61970/61968CIM is just the core standard of Smart Grid. CIM covers the panoramic semantic information and the standard interface specifications, and has rich forms of expressions and a wide range of applications in various business areas of electric power enterprise, is the important technical support for the construction of Smart Grid.
This dissertation reviews the status of the smart grid at home and abroad, refers to the strong and smart grid development plan of SGCC, focuses on the supporting role of the underlying information model and technical standards for smart grid, studies the applications of CIM in the three key areas of smart grid such as distribution management application integration, asset management, intelligent scheduling coding. The CIM model management software is developed to fulfill model management and data maintenance functions. The main work done in this dissertation can be summarized in the following five areas:
1) Power grid information technology and automation status analyzed, the unified information model and interface is the key to solve the Information Island problem, the foreign Smart Grid core technical standards summed up, the critical role of CIM among the smart grid core standards cleared, the theoretical background, the modeling methodology and extension examples of CIM studied, and the CIM application status in the key Smart Grid areas of distribution management application integration, asset management and scheduling coding reviewed.
2) The construction rules of complex information system abided by, the asset information model theory proposed, the difference between Power System Resource and Asset has been analyzed and compared, all based on the IEC61970/61968CIM. The disciplines and methods are presented, which is applied to extend asset information model, including base model and operation model. Finally various applications of asset model are discussed, such as asset database design, asset classification and coding design; moreover, integration scheme of asset management with materials and finance management is roughly studied.
3) The status and shortage of distribution management application integration described, Service-Oriented Architecture for Enterprise Application Integration introduced, according to the objectives and requirements of smart distribution grid, in accordance with the law of information integration and interoperability, following the IEC61968standard and Model-Driven Integration methodology, the message interaction files based on CIM semantics and XSD syntax defined, then Web Services technical standards used to complete the service encapsulation, service-oriented and model driven assembly line-styled application integration program proposed.
4) Although the CIM-based grid model has been adopted, it is difficult to share the model among the systems and connect together models of different grids because of their own private encoding rules. To solve the problems, this paper originally proposes a CIM-based encoding system that consists of dispatching encoding specification, CIM/XML exchange standard and encoding verification rules, which sets up coding standards for the dispatching center and could be executed via the coding tool software.
5) In order to integrate the power information resources, power enterprise need to build a unified information model. The information model management software SG-CIM-FINDER developed based on the MOF technology, software design ideas and principles analyzed, software functions of model management and data maintenance introduced, two practical software application modes proposed in the scenarios of the dispatch center system integration and data exchange between substation and control center.
引文
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