VM R425DOHC柴油机低温预混合燃烧仿真研究
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摘要
本文对柴油机废气再循环(EGR)特性,EGR控制以及柴油机低温预混合燃烧(HCCI)进行了研究。建立了能够反映发动机工作状态的VM R425DOHC柴油机整机GT-POWER仿真模型,获得了EGR率升高使发动机燃烧始点推迟、最高爆发压力降低、EGR温度升高使燃烧始点提前、放热率峰值降低等结论。基于以上研究,首次提出了温度修正进气流量线性计算方法的EGR在线闭环反馈控制策略,实现了EGR精确控制。对柴油机HCCI喷射策略进行的实验研究结果表明,早喷、晚喷和窄角喷油能有效实现低温预混合燃烧、早喷需要控制爆燃和氮氧化物排放、晚喷燃烧负荷的拓展受到微粒排放的限制以及窄角喷油器可以实现宽角度范围喷油,而不出现燃油碰壁现象。以上成果对柴油机HCCI的研究具有一定的参考价值。
This paper makes a deep research on Exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) characteristic, EGR control strategy and diesel engine low temperature premixed combustion (HCCI). The paper builds a simulation model of VM R425DOHC using GT-POWER software. The simulation results show that this model can simulate the diesel engine. EGR is investigated using the model. The results show that the start of ignition will delay and the peak pressure will drop with the growing of the EGR rate. The start of ignition will bring forward and the peak heat release rate will descend with the growing of the EGR temperature. Base on the simulation study this paper brings forth the linear computational method for the inlet mass flow based the temperature correction and the EGR closed-loop control strategy for the first time. It helps to realize the diesel engine HCCI that EGR can be precisely controlled; the injection strategy research is carried out by experiments. The results show that early injection, late injection and narrow spray angle injector can effectively be used in the low temperature premixed combustion. The early injection need control the detonation and NOX emissions. The late injection need control the Soot emissions when the engine load spreads. The narrow angle injector can give a wide angle injection without spray impinging on the cylinder wall. This injection strategy has certain reference significance.
This paper makes a deep research on Exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) characteristic, EGR control strategy and diesel engine low temperature premixed combustion (HCCI). The paper builds a simulation model of VM R425DOHC using GT-POWER software. The simulation results show that this model can simulate the diesel engine. EGR is investigated using the model. The results show that the start of ignition will delay and the peak pressure will drop with the growing of the EGR rate. The start of ignition will bring forward and the peak heat release rate will descend with the growing of the EGR temperature. Base on the simulation study this paper brings forth the linear computational method for the inlet mass flow based the temperature correction and the EGR closed-loop control strategy for the first time. It helps to realize the diesel engine HCCI that EGR can be precisely controlled; the injection strategy research is carried out by experiments. The results show that early injection, late injection and narrow spray angle injector can effectively be used in the low temperature premixed combustion. The early injection need control the detonation and NOX emissions. The late injection need control the Soot emissions when the engine load spreads. The narrow angle injector can give a wide angle injection without spray impinging on the cylinder wall. This injection strategy has certain reference significance.
引文
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21. 王志,王建听,帅石金等,基于2段喷射的缸内直喷汽油机HCCI燃烧的研究[J],汽车工程,2005,27(5)
22. 王志,张志福,杨俊伟,王建昕,均质压燃发动机研究开发新进展[J]，车用发动机,07.2007
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27. 赵长禄,周磊,岳玉嵩.通过进气道优化改进柴油机的性能[J].内燃机学报.2003,21(4)：244-248
28. 赵新顺,曹会智,温茂禄,孙协胜,HCCI技术的研究现状与展望[J],内燃机工程,2004
29. 朱昌吉,刘忠长,许允等.瞬态工况下EGR率测量方法的研究[J].内燃机学报,2006,24(3)：276-279
30. 庄兵,彭飞舟,黄贤龙等.内燃机废气再循环(EGR)率评价方法分析[J].小型内燃机与摩托车,2007,36(4)：31-33
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35. Brand statter W. The Effect of Inlet Port Geometry on In-cylinder Flow Structure[C]. SAE Paper 850499,1985
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2. 陈俊华,柴油机环保技术的发展现状及动态[J],机电工程技术,2002,31(6)：22
3. 杜宝国,隆武强,冯立岩等.第三代伞状喷雾的分布特性及多片喷雾系统的应用研究[J],内燃机工程,2006,27(2)
4. 段加全.EGR对柴油机燃烧及排放影响的数值模拟[D].吉林大学硕士学位论文,2008
5. 方锡邦,胡军义.汽车排气再循环(EGR)控制系统的设计[J].小型内燃机与摩托车,2008,37(4)：59-61
6. 冯立岩,隆武强,魏胜利等.新型伞状喷雾柴油预混合压燃数值模拟研究[J],内燃机学报,2006,24(2)
7. 候玉春,肖福明,陆辰,黄震等.空气反馈信号控制柴油机排气再循环系统研究[J].内燃机工程,2004,25(1)：9-12
8. 李勤.现代内燃机排气污染物的测量与控制[M].机械工业出版社.1998
9. 李志军,秦敬哲,孙济美,柴油机废气净化新技术[J],拖拉机与农用运输车,2000,(5)：16
10. 刘新军.基于GT_FUEL的二甲基醚燃油喷射过程数值模拟[D]：(硕士学位论文).武汉：华中科技大学.2005年7月
11. 刘巽俊.内燃机的排放与控制[M].北京：机械工业出版社.2003
12. 刘峥,王建昕.汽车发动机原理教程[M].北京：清华大学出版社,2001
13. 隆武强,冯立岩,许锋等,伞状喷雾及HL喷雾在柴油机均质预混合燃烧中的应用研究[J],内燃机工程,2004,25(1)
14. 马青峻,王志,王建昕等,基于缸内分段直喷和负气门重叠角汽油机HCCI燃烧[J],燃烧科学与技术,2006,12(2)
15. 日本Hiroyuki Hiroyasu,21世纪柴油机燃油经济性和排放的关键技术[J],国外内燃机车,2000,(4)(总第352期)：41
16. 邵治家.6106柴油机工作过程的数值模拟及优化[D].(硕士学位论文)。大连：大连理工大学.2007年12月
17. 苏万华,林铁坚,张晓宇等,MULINBUMP-HCCI复合燃烧放热特征及其对排放和热效率的影响[J],内燃机学报,2004,22(3)
18. 孙洪昌.汽车尾气中有害气体的来源与防治措施[J].中国环保产业,1997(4)
19. 王志,帅石金,王建听等.汽车发动机进气道流场三维数值解析与优化[J].清华大学学报.2004,44(8)：1146-1149
20. 王志,帅石金,王建听等.耦合详细化学动力学的HCCI发动机工作过程三维数值模拟[J].自然科学进展.2006,16(10)：1297-1303
21. 王志,王建听,帅石金等,基于2段喷射的缸内直喷汽油机HCCI燃烧的研究[J],汽车工程,2005,27(5)
22. 王志,张志福,杨俊伟,王建昕,均质压燃发动机研究开发新进展[J]，车用发动机,07.2007
23. 魏国皑,汽车排放法规的现状及发展[J],世界汽车,1996.6；
24. 解茂昭,内燃机计算燃烧学[M],大连理工大学出版社,2005
25. 杨德胜,高希彦,周文彬,柴油机TR燃烧系统的性能研究[J],内燃机学报,2005,23(1)
26. 张科勋,李进,周明.采用真空执行器的柴油机空气系统闭环控制[J].清华大学学报(自然科学版),2006,46(8)：1458～1461.
27. 赵长禄,周磊,岳玉嵩.通过进气道优化改进柴油机的性能[J].内燃机学报.2003,21(4)：244-248
28. 赵新顺,曹会智,温茂禄,孙协胜,HCCI技术的研究现状与展望[J],内燃机工程,2004
29. 朱昌吉,刘忠长,许允等.瞬态工况下EGR率测量方法的研究[J].内燃机学报,2006,24(3)：276-279
30. 庄兵,彭飞舟,黄贤龙等.内燃机废气再循环(EGR)率评价方法分析[J].小型内燃机与摩托车,2007,36(4)：31-33
31. A.D.GOSMAN, A.M. Y. Ahmed Measurement and Multidimensional Prediction of Flow in an Axiymmetric Port/Valve Assembly[C].SAE Paper 870592,1987
32. A. Yakhot, S A. Orszag, V.Yakhot, et al. Renormalization group formulation of large-eddy simulation. Journal of Scientific Computing,1989,4:139-158
33. A. Helmantel, I. Denbratt, HCCI Operation of a Passenger Car Common Rail DI Diesel Engine With Early Injection of Conventional Diesel Fuel[C], SAE Paper 2004-01-0935,2004
34. Boyarski N.J.,Reitz R.D., Premixed Compression Ignition(PCI)Combustion with Modeling-Generated Piston Bowl Geometry in a Diesel Engine[C]. SAE Paper NO.2006-01-0198,2006
35. Brand statter W. The Effect of Inlet Port Geometry on In-cylinder Flow Structure[C]. SAE Paper 850499,1985
36. Chauvin J, Petit N, Rouchon P, et al. Air Path Estimation on Diesel HCCI Engine[C]. SAE Paper NO.2006-01-1085.,2006
37. Ezil Alfieri, Alois Amstutz, Christopher H. Onder,and Lino Guzzella. Model-Based Feedback Control of the Air-to-Fuel Ratio in Diesel Engines Based on Empirical Model[C]. In:2006 IEEE International Conference on Control Applications, Germany, October 4-6:509-514
38. Gerhard Stumpp, Werner Banzhaf. An exhaust gas recirculation system for diesel engines[C]. SAE Paper 78022,1978
39. GT-POWER USER'S MANUAL VERSION 6.2 Gamma Technologies 2006.09
40. Heywood JB. Internal combustion engine fundamentals. New York:McGraw-Hill; 1988.
41. Jankovic M, Jankovic M, Kolmanovsky I V. Constructive lyapunov control design for turbocharged diesel engines[C]. IEEE Transactions on Control Systems Technology,2000,8(2): 288-299.
42. Kimura S., Aoki O., Kitahara Y, etc., Ultra-Clean Combustion Technology Combining a Low-Temperature and Premixed Combustion Concept for Meeting Future Emission Standards[C]. SAE Paper NO.2001-01-0200,2001
43. Lancaster D R, Krieger R.B. Effects of Turbulence on Spark Ignition Engine Combustion[C].SAE Paper 760160,1976
44. M. Amann, J. Buckingham, Naoki Kono, Evaluation of HCCI Engine Potentials in Comparison to Advanced Gasoline and Diesel Engines[C]. SAE Paper NO.2006-01-3249,2006
45. M. J.van Nieuwstadt, I. V. Koimanovsky and P. E. Moraal Coordinated EGR-VGT Control for Diesel Engines:an Experimental Comparison[C]. SAE Paper NO.2000-01-0266,2000
46. Manshik Kim, Hoon Cho, Youngman Cho. Computational and Optical Investigation of Liquid Fuel Film on the Cylinder Wall of an SI Engine[C].2003-01-1113
47. Mase Y., Kawashima J., Eguchi M.,etc., NissanS New Multivalve Di Diesel Engine Series[C]. SAE Paper NO.981039,1998
48. M. Nagaoka, H.Kawazoe, N.Nomura.Modeling Fuel Spray Impingement on a Hot Wall for Gasoline Engine[C].SAE Paper 940525
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