兰州市猪肉安全问题及对策
摘要
猪肉在广大城乡居民的动物性食品消费中占有很大的比重,也是主导性的肉食品。多年来,兰州市各级政府、各相关职能部门致力于肉食安全状况的改善,加强生产、防疫、屠宰、储运、销售等各个环节的管理。特别是1998年实施生猪定点屠宰以来,猪肉安全有了明显的改善,基本达到了“放心肉”的标准要求。但是,随着中国加入WTO后国际经济一体化带来的挑战和广大城乡居民生活水平的日益提高,追求无污染、无残留和无公害优质安全猪肉已刻不容缓。本文对兰州市生猪生产条件、环境控制、疾病状况、饲料药物使用和屠宰、冷鲜销售、药物残留以及政府行政立法、执法现状和存在的问题进行调查研究,并从加强猪肉安全常识宣传、改善生产条件、加强饲养环境控制、实施综合的生物安全措施、规范兽药饲料生产、经营和使用、提高屠宰水平和强化屠宰、冷鲜、销售全程质量控制、切实开展药物残留检测及加强立法、执法、推进兽医官制度的实施等方面提出十项对策,从而根本上改变兰州市猪肉安全现状,保证兰州市城乡居民的肉食安全和身体健康,促进兰州市猪肉生产和畜牧业经济发展,应对国际经济一体化带来的挑战。
Pork is the most important source of animal proteins,which is also the most dominant animal meat product in urban and rural areas of China.The hygiene and safety of animal products has been largely improved since the governments and related functional departments of Lanzhou have been engaged in improvement of food safety for many years,enhancing animal production,animal disease prevention,storage and transportation of animals,and slaughtering and marketing managements.Pork safety has been significantly improved because of many years' hard working, especially when the slaughter sites of pigs have been fixed since 1998.Pork at these slaughtering sites basically meets the requirements of the "reassurance meat" standard.However,there is an increasing demands for no pollution,no drug residues and no harmful safety pork as China entering the WTO(The international economic system brings challenge to Chinese markets)and increased living standard of citizens in urban and rural areas.The study was carried out to investigate:1)the pig production conditions of Lanzhou,environmental control,animal disease prevention,feed and medicine application;2)the slaughtering,fresh and freeze meat sales,and drug residues in animal products;3)the political legislation and execution status of the government administration and problems.Therefore,measures have been taken 1)to publicize common knowledge of pork safety;2)to improve production condition and increase feeding environment control;4)to carry out synthetic biological safety measures and standardize production,management and utilization of veterinary drugs and feed;5)to increase slaughtering techniques and quality control and guarantee techniques of the whole meat processing procedure including slaughtering,freeze and fresh product packing and marketing;6)to carry out drug reduce detection;7)to enhance legislation and execution of food safety as well as veterinary officer system.A total of ten countermeasures have been pointed out based on the investigations mentioned above in order to change current status of pork safety of Lanzhou fundamentally,to ensure food safety and health of citizens in both urban and rural areas,to promote the development of pig production and animal husbandry economy,and finally to face the challenges by the international economic system.
Pork is the most important source of animal proteins,which is also the most dominant animal meat product in urban and rural areas of China.The hygiene and safety of animal products has been largely improved since the governments and related functional departments of Lanzhou have been engaged in improvement of food safety for many years,enhancing animal production,animal disease prevention,storage and transportation of animals,and slaughtering and marketing managements.Pork safety has been significantly improved because of many years' hard working, especially when the slaughter sites of pigs have been fixed since 1998.Pork at these slaughtering sites basically meets the requirements of the "reassurance meat" standard.However,there is an increasing demands for no pollution,no drug residues and no harmful safety pork as China entering the WTO(The international economic system brings challenge to Chinese markets)and increased living standard of citizens in urban and rural areas.The study was carried out to investigate:1)the pig production conditions of Lanzhou,environmental control,animal disease prevention,feed and medicine application;2)the slaughtering,fresh and freeze meat sales,and drug residues in animal products;3)the political legislation and execution status of the government administration and problems.Therefore,measures have been taken 1)to publicize common knowledge of pork safety;2)to improve production condition and increase feeding environment control;4)to carry out synthetic biological safety measures and standardize production,management and utilization of veterinary drugs and feed;5)to increase slaughtering techniques and quality control and guarantee techniques of the whole meat processing procedure including slaughtering,freeze and fresh product packing and marketing;6)to carry out drug reduce detection;7)to enhance legislation and execution of food safety as well as veterinary officer system.A total of ten countermeasures have been pointed out based on the investigations mentioned above in order to change current status of pork safety of Lanzhou fundamentally,to ensure food safety and health of citizens in both urban and rural areas,to promote the development of pig production and animal husbandry economy,and finally to face the challenges by the international economic system.
引文
[1]栾冬梅,魏国生.影响猪肉安全性的因素与安全猪肉的生产[J].动物科学与动物医学,2003,3:15-16
[2]代玉林.安全猪肉生产综合技术措施探讨[J].中国动物检疫,2003,8:23-25
[3]吴桂银,贺亚雄,张彦明.当前我国建立安全畜产品生产体系难点探讨[J].中国动物检疫,2003,2:16-17
[4]于康震.入世与畜产品质量安全研究(二)[J].中国动物检疫,2003,4:54-55
[5]何英俊,古武昌.关于环保型养猪业的探讨[J].金华职业技术学院学报,2002,1:12-14
[6]张荣森.山东省无规定动物疫病区管理办法[J].中国动物检疫,2003,6:1-3
[7]黄吉辉,颜景堂.影响“安全肉”的兽药残留问题及防治对策[J].中国动物检疫,2003,10:16-17
[8]李云.浅议饲料与畜产品安全[J].四川畜牧兽医,2004,1:17-18
[9]王明浩,石留娥.浅谈影响畜产品质量安全的因素和对策[J].中国动物检疫2003,1:18-19
[10]刘万峰.安全饲料与安全猪肉[J].江西畜牧兽医杂志,2001,2:43-44
[11]史冬艳.猪肉源性产品出口之路[J].动物科学与动物医学,2003,8:9-10
[12]卫永生,素向阳等.兽药管理工作中存在的问题及对策[J].中国动物检疫,2003,5:15-17
[13]张长兴,陆承平.动物性食品安全问题[J].郑州牧业工程高等专科学校报,2000,2:6-7
[14]甘孟侯.我国猪传染病发生的特点与控制策略[J].农村养殖技术,2003,8:21-22
[15]李繁,杨岚.屠宰生猪“瘦肉精”残留的检测与监管[J].中国动物检疫,2003,8:30
[16]于维军.开创生态畜牧业,实现产业新格局[J].动物科学与动物医学,2003,5:5-6
[17]刘少伯,王栋,丁伟.我国养猪业的区域化和商品生产预测[J].动物科学与动物医学,2003,2:30-31
[18]胡坚,刘明.动物饲养学[M].吉林科学技术出版社,1999,221-223
[19]徐百万.口蹄疫防治简明手册[M].甘肃省文化出版社,1999,11:3-5
[20]张勇,刘齐,朱子阳.动物疫情监测分析与疫病预防控制技术规范[M].内蒙古人民出版社,72-74
[21]刘振国,绿色食品生猪屠宰及冷却分割加工[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医,2003,2:15-16
[22]农业部畜牧兽医局.动物防疫法律法规汇编[M].中国农业出版社,2003,8:3
[23]邓勇,黄勇.加强监督执法工作 控制动物产品残留[J].中国动物检疫,2003,1:16-17
[24]王伟.肉品中有害物的残留、成因及管理对策[J].中国动物检疫,2003,3:16-18
[25]黄香文,梁立成.浅谈“安全猪肉”的生产[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医,2002,8:7-8
[26]兰州市无公害农产品畜牧部分标准汇编[M].兰州市农牧局,2002,12:4-6
[27]张小东,杜文兴.无公害畜产品生产手册[M].科学技术文献出版社,314-315
[28]李万有.动物防疫监督管理.中国农业出版社[M],2004,6:20-21
[29]吉国荣,李向军.审时度势发挥优势搞好兰州农业综合开发[J].甘肃农业,2003,2:12
[30]杨宏兵.加强防疫监督力度 确保防疫法的实施[J].中国动物检疫,2001,3:12
[31]季辉,王占江,李欣.对动物防疫监督档案立卷的探索[J].中国动物检疫,2003,6:14-15
[32]徐百万.口蹄疫防治简明手册[M].甘肃省文化出版社,1999,11:25-26
[33]段建成,赵百方.对动物疫病防治体制改革的几点设想[J].中国动物检疫,2003,11:14-15
[34]王登临.兽药饲料经营使用指南.甘肃科学技术出版社[M],2001,9:368
[35]冯艳风.影响“安全肉”的主要问题及对策.中国动物检疫.2003,7:19-20
[36]李秀萍,王小梅,欧伟强.浅谈实施动物免疫标识管理制度的体会[J].中国动物检疫,2003,5:18
[2]代玉林.安全猪肉生产综合技术措施探讨[J].中国动物检疫,2003,8:23-25
[3]吴桂银,贺亚雄,张彦明.当前我国建立安全畜产品生产体系难点探讨[J].中国动物检疫,2003,2:16-17
[4]于康震.入世与畜产品质量安全研究(二)[J].中国动物检疫,2003,4:54-55
[5]何英俊,古武昌.关于环保型养猪业的探讨[J].金华职业技术学院学报,2002,1:12-14
[6]张荣森.山东省无规定动物疫病区管理办法[J].中国动物检疫,2003,6:1-3
[7]黄吉辉,颜景堂.影响“安全肉”的兽药残留问题及防治对策[J].中国动物检疫,2003,10:16-17
[8]李云.浅议饲料与畜产品安全[J].四川畜牧兽医,2004,1:17-18
[9]王明浩,石留娥.浅谈影响畜产品质量安全的因素和对策[J].中国动物检疫2003,1:18-19
[10]刘万峰.安全饲料与安全猪肉[J].江西畜牧兽医杂志,2001,2:43-44
[11]史冬艳.猪肉源性产品出口之路[J].动物科学与动物医学,2003,8:9-10
[12]卫永生,素向阳等.兽药管理工作中存在的问题及对策[J].中国动物检疫,2003,5:15-17
[13]张长兴,陆承平.动物性食品安全问题[J].郑州牧业工程高等专科学校报,2000,2:6-7
[14]甘孟侯.我国猪传染病发生的特点与控制策略[J].农村养殖技术,2003,8:21-22
[15]李繁,杨岚.屠宰生猪“瘦肉精”残留的检测与监管[J].中国动物检疫,2003,8:30
[16]于维军.开创生态畜牧业,实现产业新格局[J].动物科学与动物医学,2003,5:5-6
[17]刘少伯,王栋,丁伟.我国养猪业的区域化和商品生产预测[J].动物科学与动物医学,2003,2:30-31
[18]胡坚,刘明.动物饲养学[M].吉林科学技术出版社,1999,221-223
[19]徐百万.口蹄疫防治简明手册[M].甘肃省文化出版社,1999,11:3-5
[20]张勇,刘齐,朱子阳.动物疫情监测分析与疫病预防控制技术规范[M].内蒙古人民出版社,72-74
[21]刘振国,绿色食品生猪屠宰及冷却分割加工[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医,2003,2:15-16
[22]农业部畜牧兽医局.动物防疫法律法规汇编[M].中国农业出版社,2003,8:3
[23]邓勇,黄勇.加强监督执法工作 控制动物产品残留[J].中国动物检疫,2003,1:16-17
[24]王伟.肉品中有害物的残留、成因及管理对策[J].中国动物检疫,2003,3:16-18
[25]黄香文,梁立成.浅谈“安全猪肉”的生产[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医,2002,8:7-8
[26]兰州市无公害农产品畜牧部分标准汇编[M].兰州市农牧局,2002,12:4-6
[27]张小东,杜文兴.无公害畜产品生产手册[M].科学技术文献出版社,314-315
[28]李万有.动物防疫监督管理.中国农业出版社[M],2004,6:20-21
[29]吉国荣,李向军.审时度势发挥优势搞好兰州农业综合开发[J].甘肃农业,2003,2:12
[30]杨宏兵.加强防疫监督力度 确保防疫法的实施[J].中国动物检疫,2001,3:12
[31]季辉,王占江,李欣.对动物防疫监督档案立卷的探索[J].中国动物检疫,2003,6:14-15
[32]徐百万.口蹄疫防治简明手册[M].甘肃省文化出版社,1999,11:25-26
[33]段建成,赵百方.对动物疫病防治体制改革的几点设想[J].中国动物检疫,2003,11:14-15
[34]王登临.兽药饲料经营使用指南.甘肃科学技术出版社[M],2001,9:368
[35]冯艳风.影响“安全肉”的主要问题及对策.中国动物检疫.2003,7:19-20
[36]李秀萍,王小梅,欧伟强.浅谈实施动物免疫标识管理制度的体会[J].中国动物检疫,2003,5:18