大白菜小黑点病及其抗病生理基础的研究
|
摘要
本试验运用比较生理学方法,以抗小黑点病不同的大白菜品种为材料,研究了氮素形态对大白菜小黑点病和抗病性相关生理指标的影响,以及同一氮素形态不同氮素用量下,大白菜抗、感小黑点病品种保护酶(SOD﹑POD﹑PPO)活性及酚类物质含量及代谢的变化与大白菜抗感小黑点病的关系。主要结果如下:
(1)大白菜小黑点的发生受氮素形态﹑作物基因型等共同作用的影响,施硝态氮可减轻小黑点病的发生。硝态氮处理和铵态氮处理下的各指标较有规律性,而酰胺态氮处理下的各指标则稍有波动,不同形态氮素对大白菜不同部位的部分效应相反。
(2)小黑点病主要发生在生育中后期,且多先发于老叶正面,不同品种黑点在叶柄上发生分布的部位不同,较高的氮素水平明显可以加重感病品种病情。不论在施氮还是不施氮条件下,抗病和感病品种苗期叶柄中SOD﹑POD﹑PPO酶活性以及酚类物质含量存在明显差异,表现为感病品种高于抗病品种,仅POD酶活性反之,表现为抗病品种高于感病品种;各生理指标在莲座期和包心初期规律性不太明显,生育后期尤其在收获期抗病品种叶柄中SOD活性、酚类物质含量明显低于感病品种,而抗病品种叶柄中MDA含量、POD、PPO活性却明显高于感病品种。叶片中保护酶活性以及酚类物质含量的变化规律性不如叶柄中明显。
(3)不论叶柄还是叶片中抗病品种的各项生理指标在整个生育期内处理与对照相比差异变化较小,而感病品种处理与对照的差异变化相对来说较大。说明抗病品种自我调节和恢复正常状态的能力比感病品种强。此结果可作为苗期抗病生理选种与鉴定的参考生理指标。
(4)在整个生育期内对酚类物质含量的变化及其与大白菜抗感小黑点病的关系实验结果表明:抗感品种间各物质含量在莲座期的差异表现比较明显,而在莲座期,差异最明显的是叶片中绿原酸的含量,对于品种的抗病性更具有代表性,其次是叶片中咖啡酸和叶柄中没食子酸的含量。绿原酸的积累在大白菜抗小黑点病过程中具有极其重要的意义。
综上所述,保护酶(SOD﹑POD﹑PPO)活性以及酚类物质含量及代谢的变化均与大白菜抗小黑点病性有关,可作为大白菜抗小黑点病生理选种特别是在早期选种的生理指标或参考指标。对加速选育进程、提高选育质量有重要意义。
Chinese cabbage varieties with different resistances to petiole spot were used as materials. By comparative physiology method, we studied the effect of nitrogen forms on the physiological metabolism resisted to petiole spot disease of Chinese cabbage , and the relationship of Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, Peroxidase (POD) activity, Polyphenoloxidase(PPO) activity, phenolics content. The results showed:
(1) Both different nitrogen forms and different Chinese cabbage gene types could affect petiole spot of Chinese cabbage, when nitrate nitrogen was used as nitrogen source, the disease index lowed. and there’s a remarkable rhythm between the application of ammonium nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen, except there’s a bit alteration under amide nitrogen to physiological metabolism. What’s more, some physiological and biochemical indexes in petiole were opposite to those in leaf blade under different nitrogen forms.
(2) Petiole spot symptoms mostly occurred on the filed of outer leaf blade in the harvest stage, it appeared on different spots to different Chinese cabbage varieties. And susceptible variety had a more serious disease under higher nitrogen level. The phenol content, SOD and PPO activities in leaf petiole of the susceptible Chinese cabbage variety to petiole spot were all higher than the resistant one evidently, wherever under nitrogen treated or non - nitrogen treated in the seedling stage. On the contrary, POD activity of the resistant variety was lower than that of the susceptible one. What’s more, SOD activity and the phenol content of resistant variety were lower than those of susceptible variety , and MDA content、POD and PPO activities of resistant variety were all higher than those of susceptible variety significantly during the later growth stage, especially harvesting stage. However, the difference in leaf blade wasn’t remarkable.
(3) The study also indicated that the capacities of self-regulating and returning to normal status of resistant variety were stronger than susceptible one. The results can be used as the physiological indexes to breeding and identification of resistance to petiole spot in the seedling stage of Chinese cabbage.
(4) During the whole growing period, the differences of every phenol ingredient content were obvious for resistant cabbage variety and susceptible one in lotus period, and during this time, the most different was the content of Chlorogenic acid in leaf blade, then Caffeic acid in leaf blade and Gallic acid in petiole. And Chlorogenic acid played an important part in resisting petiole spot of Chinese cabbage.
As mentioned above, the changes of protective enzymes activities (SOD﹑POD﹑PPO)and phenol content and metabolism were all related with the resistance to petiole spot of Chinese cabbage, they can be used as physiological indexes or referenced targets of the physiological seed selecting of the Chinese cabbage especially in former stage. It’s important to accelerating process of seed selecting and breeding and increasing the quality of seeds.
(1)大白菜小黑点的发生受氮素形态﹑作物基因型等共同作用的影响,施硝态氮可减轻小黑点病的发生。硝态氮处理和铵态氮处理下的各指标较有规律性,而酰胺态氮处理下的各指标则稍有波动,不同形态氮素对大白菜不同部位的部分效应相反。
(2)小黑点病主要发生在生育中后期,且多先发于老叶正面,不同品种黑点在叶柄上发生分布的部位不同,较高的氮素水平明显可以加重感病品种病情。不论在施氮还是不施氮条件下,抗病和感病品种苗期叶柄中SOD﹑POD﹑PPO酶活性以及酚类物质含量存在明显差异,表现为感病品种高于抗病品种,仅POD酶活性反之,表现为抗病品种高于感病品种;各生理指标在莲座期和包心初期规律性不太明显,生育后期尤其在收获期抗病品种叶柄中SOD活性、酚类物质含量明显低于感病品种,而抗病品种叶柄中MDA含量、POD、PPO活性却明显高于感病品种。叶片中保护酶活性以及酚类物质含量的变化规律性不如叶柄中明显。
(3)不论叶柄还是叶片中抗病品种的各项生理指标在整个生育期内处理与对照相比差异变化较小,而感病品种处理与对照的差异变化相对来说较大。说明抗病品种自我调节和恢复正常状态的能力比感病品种强。此结果可作为苗期抗病生理选种与鉴定的参考生理指标。
(4)在整个生育期内对酚类物质含量的变化及其与大白菜抗感小黑点病的关系实验结果表明:抗感品种间各物质含量在莲座期的差异表现比较明显,而在莲座期,差异最明显的是叶片中绿原酸的含量,对于品种的抗病性更具有代表性,其次是叶片中咖啡酸和叶柄中没食子酸的含量。绿原酸的积累在大白菜抗小黑点病过程中具有极其重要的意义。
综上所述,保护酶(SOD﹑POD﹑PPO)活性以及酚类物质含量及代谢的变化均与大白菜抗小黑点病性有关,可作为大白菜抗小黑点病生理选种特别是在早期选种的生理指标或参考指标。对加速选育进程、提高选育质量有重要意义。
Chinese cabbage varieties with different resistances to petiole spot were used as materials. By comparative physiology method, we studied the effect of nitrogen forms on the physiological metabolism resisted to petiole spot disease of Chinese cabbage , and the relationship of Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, Peroxidase (POD) activity, Polyphenoloxidase(PPO) activity, phenolics content. The results showed:
(1) Both different nitrogen forms and different Chinese cabbage gene types could affect petiole spot of Chinese cabbage, when nitrate nitrogen was used as nitrogen source, the disease index lowed. and there’s a remarkable rhythm between the application of ammonium nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen, except there’s a bit alteration under amide nitrogen to physiological metabolism. What’s more, some physiological and biochemical indexes in petiole were opposite to those in leaf blade under different nitrogen forms.
(2) Petiole spot symptoms mostly occurred on the filed of outer leaf blade in the harvest stage, it appeared on different spots to different Chinese cabbage varieties. And susceptible variety had a more serious disease under higher nitrogen level. The phenol content, SOD and PPO activities in leaf petiole of the susceptible Chinese cabbage variety to petiole spot were all higher than the resistant one evidently, wherever under nitrogen treated or non - nitrogen treated in the seedling stage. On the contrary, POD activity of the resistant variety was lower than that of the susceptible one. What’s more, SOD activity and the phenol content of resistant variety were lower than those of susceptible variety , and MDA content、POD and PPO activities of resistant variety were all higher than those of susceptible variety significantly during the later growth stage, especially harvesting stage. However, the difference in leaf blade wasn’t remarkable.
(3) The study also indicated that the capacities of self-regulating and returning to normal status of resistant variety were stronger than susceptible one. The results can be used as the physiological indexes to breeding and identification of resistance to petiole spot in the seedling stage of Chinese cabbage.
(4) During the whole growing period, the differences of every phenol ingredient content were obvious for resistant cabbage variety and susceptible one in lotus period, and during this time, the most different was the content of Chlorogenic acid in leaf blade, then Caffeic acid in leaf blade and Gallic acid in petiole. And Chlorogenic acid played an important part in resisting petiole spot of Chinese cabbage.
As mentioned above, the changes of protective enzymes activities (SOD﹑POD﹑PPO)and phenol content and metabolism were all related with the resistance to petiole spot of Chinese cabbage, they can be used as physiological indexes or referenced targets of the physiological seed selecting of the Chinese cabbage especially in former stage. It’s important to accelerating process of seed selecting and breeding and increasing the quality of seeds.
引文
[1]敖雪,邵世勤,张少英,等. 甜菜抗(感)丛根病品种苗期某些生理生化特性差异的研究[J]. 中国甜菜糖业,2005,(1):15-17
[2]曹翠玲,李生秀,张占平. 氮素形态对小麦生长中后期保护酶等生理特性的影响[J]. 土壤通报,2003,34(4):295-298
[3]陈宏,徐秋曼,王葳,等. 镉对小麦幼苗脂质过氧化和保护酶活性的影响[J]. 西北植物学报,2000,20(3):399-403
[4]陈惠明. 烤烟感染赤星病后 4 种酶动态的研究[J]. 云南农业大学学报,1995,10(1):1-5
[5]陈建新,吴雅琴. 甘薯块根内绿原酸、酚含量与抗象甲关系初探[J]. 北京农业大学学报,1994,20(2):178
[6]陈晓梅,郭顺星. 植物抗病性物质的研究进展[J]. 植物学通报,1999,16(6):658-664
[7]陈振德,陈建美,何金明,等. 氮肥对油菜硝酸盐积累的影响[J].土壤肥料,2006,(1):66-67
[8]崔瑞峰. 甘蓝黑腐病苗期抗病性鉴定.山西农业大学硕士研究生毕业论文,2004
[9]丁九敏,高洪斌,刘玉石,等. 黄瓜霜霉病抗性与叶片中生理生化物质含量关系的研究[J]. 辽宁农业科学,2005,(1):11-13
[10]方允中, 李文杰. 自由基与酶基础理论及其在生物学和医学中的应用[M]. 北京:科学出版社,1994:181-188
[11]房慧勇,马峙英. 棉花抗黄萎病机制及抗病性鉴定研究进展[J]. 河北农业科学,2002,6(2):1-7
[12]冯福英,邵金旺,等. 甜菜抗(耐)丛根病性不同的品种绿原酸和阿魏酸研究[J]. 中国甜菜糖业,2001,(4):1-5
[13]冯洁,陈其瑛. 棉株内阿魏酸和绿原酸含量及其对枯萎病抗性的关系[J]. 棉花学报,1990,2(2):81-86
[14]冯 洁,陈其瑛. 棉花体内几种生化物质与抗枯萎病之间的关系的初步研究[J ]. 植物病理学报,1991,21(4):291-297
[15]高晓蓉,杨官品,杨晓云,等. 大白菜品种间小黑点病发生的比较研究[J]. 长江蔬菜,2006,(6):41-42
[16]谷本俊明, 上本哲. ハクサイのゴマ症发生要因にっいて. 日本广岛县立农业试验场报告. 1982, 45:69-78
[17]郭建慧. 大白菜小黑点病的发生与氮素代谢关系的研究[J].山东农业大学硕士学位论文,2006
[18]郭文硕. 油桐品种抗黑斑病生理生化机制研究[J]. 福建林学院学报,1992,12(1):29-35
[19]郭文硕. 油桐品种抗黑斑病机制与超氧物岐化酶之关系[J]. 植物病理学报,1994,24(2):106
[20]郭兴启,朱汉城,严敦余,等. 不同抗性番茄品种感染番茄花叶病毒(TMV)后若干生化反应[J]. 山东农业大学学报,1997,28(3):275-280
[21]韩涛,李丽萍. 果实和蔬菜中PPO的作用[J]. 北京农学院学报,1998,13(2):115-124
[22]何晨阳,王金生. 植物过敏反应中的生理生化变化[J]. 植物生理学通讯,1996,32(2):150-154
[23]洪剑明,邱泽生. 植物的诱导抗病性[J]. 植物学通报,1997,14(2):23-29
[24]胡小松,李积宏,刘文英,等. 马铃薯丝加工中的褐变因素及其控制[J]. 食品科学,1994,(5):35-42
[25]黄建韶,田宏现. 莲藕中多酚氧化酶的性质[J]. 吉首大学学报(自然科学版),2002,23(2):82-84
[26]吉田隆德, 大友讓二, 冲森 當. ハクサイのゴマ症发生要因に關よる研究. 日本广岛县立农业试验场报告. 1984, 48:93-104
[27]江俊昌, 余有本. 苯丙氨酸解氨酶的研究进展[J]. 安徽农业大学学报, 2001,(4):425-430
[28]金珠,匡晶,洪法水,等. 马齿苋抗霜霉病的生理基础研究[J]. 淮北煤师院学报,1999,20(3):55-59
[29]鞠志国. 一种改进的酚类物质测定方法[J]. 莱阳农学院学报,1989,6(2):48-51
[30]柯玉琴,潘廷国,等. 甘薯抗蔓割病的生理机制 2.甘薯抗蔓割病与多酚氧化酶及其同功酶的关系[J]. 福建农业大学学报,1996,25(3):377-380
[31]柯玉琴,潘廷国. NaCl 胁迫对甘薯苗期生长、IAA 代谢的影响及其与耐盐性的关系[J]. 应用生态学报,2002,13(10):1303-1306
[32]孔祥瑞. 自由基及其分子生物学研究进展[J]. 生物科学动态,1984,4:11-18
[33]李保聚,李凤云. 黄瓜不同抗性品种感染黑星病菌后过氧化物酶和多酚氧化酶的变化[J]. 中国农业科学,1998,31(1):86-88
[34]李洪连. 黄瓜对炭疽病诱导抗性的初步研究[J]. 植物病理学报,1993,23(4):227-2325
[35]李焕秀,苏君芝,卞青山. 番茄品种对 ToMV 抗性与氧化酶活性的关系研究[J]. 中国农学通报,2004,20(6):19-22
[36]李靖,利谷千. 黄瓜感染霜霉病菌叶片中一些酶活性的变化[J]. 植物病理学报,1991,2(4):277-283
[37]李靖. 黄瓜感染霜霉病菌叶片中一些酶活性的变化[J]. 植物病理学报,1991,21(4):277-283
[38]李靖,刘容干,袁文静. 黄瓜感染霜霉病菌叶片中一些酶活性的变化[J]. 植物病理学报,1991,21(4):277-282
[39]李淑菊,马德华,庞金安,等. 黄瓜感染黑星病菌后德生理生化变化及抗病性的产生[J]. 华北农学报,2003,18(3):74-77
[40]李兆亮,原永兵,刘成连,等. 水杨酸对黄瓜叶片抗氧化剂酶系的调节作用[J]. 植物学报,1998,40(4):356-361
[41]梁峥,郑光植. 高等植物的次级代谢[J]. 植物生理学通讯,1981,(1):14-21
[42]铃木直治. 张际中,齐显章译. 近代植物病理化学[M].上海:上海科学技术出版社,1985
[43]刘思衡. 小麦抗赤霉病生理生化研究进展[J]. 福建稻麦科技,1994,12(2):43-46
[44]陆景陵. 植物营养学(上册)[M]. 北京,中国农业大学出版社, 2003,192
[45]罗金葵,陈巍,沈其荣. 不同小白菜器官对氮素形态响应的生理差异[J]. 南京农业大学学报,2004,27(3):50-53
[46]松本美枝子. ハクサイゴマ症の发生とその防止法に關よる研究. 日本富山县农业技术中心研究报告. 1991, 11:1-92
[47]宋凤鸣,郑重. 过氧化物酶在棉花对枯萎病抗病性种的作用[J]. 浙江农业大学学报,1997,23(2):143-148
[48]宋凤鸣,郑重. 枯萎病菌侵染后棉苗体内多酚氧化酶活性的变化[J]. 植物生理学通报,1997,33(3):175-177
[49]宋凤鸣,郑重. 绿原酸和阿魏酸与棉花对枯萎病抗性的关系[J]. 浙江农业大学学报,1996,22(3):236-240
[50]申卫星,陈玉. 西瓜枯萎病菌对西瓜及其嫁接砧木的接种试验和绿原酸﹑阿魏酸变化动态同抗病性的关系[J]. 山东农业大学学报,1998,29(4):460-477
[51]寿森炎,杨信廷,朱祝军,等. 氮素形态和光照强度对番茄生长及抗氧化酶活性的影响[J]. 浙江大学学报 (农业与生命科学版),2000,26(5):500-504
[52]王建明. 枯萎病菌对西瓜不同抗感品种丙二醛含量及某些保护酶活性的影响[J]. 植物病理学报,2001,31(2):152-156
[53]王建明,郭春绒,张作刚,等. 西瓜不同品种苗期感染枯萎病菌后的生理生化变化[J]. 中国农业科学,2002,35(11):1343-1348
[54]王金胜,郭春绒,刘桂林. 农业生物化学技术[M]. 太原:山西科学技术出版社,1977:22-170
[55]王智. 山药种质资源抗性鉴定、抗病机制研究和遗传多样性分析[J].河南农业大学硕士学位论文,2004
[56]魏国强,钱琼秋,朱祝军. 黄瓜白粉病抗性及生理机制的研究[J]. 华北农学报,2004,19(2):84-86
[57]吴红梅,萧慧,刘刚,等. 多酚氧化酶的研究进展[J]. 茶叶通报,2004,26(2):62-64
[58]吴文华. 茉莉酸甲酯对水稻幼苗叶片中碳水化合物含量及苯病氨酸解氨酶和多酚氧化酶活性的影响[J]. 植物生理学通报,1997,33(3):178-180
[59]谢文华,谢大森. 棱角丝瓜不同品种对霜霉病抗性的相关研究[J]. 华南农业大学学报,1999,20(2):28-31
[60]徐建华. 黄瓜不同抗病品种感染镰刀菌枯萎病菌后几种酶活性的变化[J]. 植物病理学报,1995,25(3):239-2422
[61]许启新,余纪柱,陆世钧,等. 黄瓜苗期过氧化物酶活性的变化规律及其与抗枯萎病的关系[J]. 上海农业学报,1994,10(3):58-62
[62]阎新甫,韩锦峰. 烟草多酚类化合物的研究进展[J]. 华北农学报,1987,(2):31-38
[63]杨家书,李舜芳,吴畏,等. 小麦品种对白粉病抗性与过氧化物酶的关系[J]. 植物病理学报,1984,14(4):235-240
[64]杨晓云,张淑霞,张清霞,等. 基因型对大白菜小黑点病发生的影响及抗病品种筛选[J]. 北方园艺,2006,(6):25-26
[65]杨晓云,张淑霞,张清霞,等. 氮肥对大白菜生理障害--小黑点病发生影响的初步研究[J]. 华北农学报,2006,21(增刊):151-153
[66]余华,周洪波,何龙海,等. 盐渍茄子酱菜酶促褐变的酶学特性研究[J]. 中国调味品,2004,306(8):23-26
[67]袁建玉,侯喜林,李萍芳. 不结球白菜胞质雄性不育新种质花蕾和叶片中活性氧代谢的变化[J]. 南京农业大学学报,2006,29(1):18-22
[68]袁庆华,桂枝,张文淑. 苜蓿抗感褐斑病品种内超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化物酶和多酚氧化酶活性的比较[J]. 草业学报,2002,11(2):100-104
[69]云兴福. 黄瓜组织中氨基酸、糖和叶绿素含量与其对霜霉病菌抗菌素菌素性的关系[J]. 华北农学报,1993,8(4):52-58
[70]云兴福,崔世茂,霍秀文. 黄瓜组织中几种酶活性与其对霜霉病抗性的关系[J]. 华北农学报,1995,10(1):92-98
[71]曾永三,王振中. 豇豆与锈菌互作中的活性氧代谢研究[J]. 植物病理学报,2004,34(2):147-153
[72]张俊华,崔崇士. 不同抗性南瓜品种感染 Phytophthora capsici 病菌后几种酶活性测定[J]. 东北农业大大学学报,2003,34(2):124-128
[73]张显,王鸣. 西瓜枯萎病抗性及其与体内一些生化物质含量的关系[J]. 西北农业学报,2001,10(4):34-36
[74]章元寿. 植物病理生理学[M]. 南京:江苏科学技术出版社,1996
[75]赵东海,张建平,侯菊花. 蘑菇中多酚氧化酶酶学特性的研究[J]. 食品与机械,2004,(5):12-13
[76]赵羹梅,张鹏宴,蒋小满. 过氧化物酶活性与玉米自交系对丝穗病抗性的关系[J]. 植物病理学报,1996,26(1):37-39
[77]赵明敏,刘正坪,胡俊. 茄子黄萎病菌毒素对茄子体内几种酶活性的影响[J]. 华北农学报,2003,18(2):70-73
[78]赵世杰. 植物生理学实验技术[M]. 2004:110-111
[79]郑翠明. 感染后大豆种皮超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化物酶和多酚氧化酶的变化[J]. 1999,32(1):35-39
[80]郑宝东,黄杰,郑金贵. 建莲中多酚氧化酶动力学特性的研究[J]. 中国食品学报,2003,(3):41-42
[81]庄炳昌,王玉民. 抗性不同大豆品种感染灰斑病后若干生化变化[J]. 作物学报,1993,19(6):568-569
[82]Akustu M, Watanabe M. Studies on the physiological changes in the rice plants infected with Xanthomonas oryzae.ann.phytopath[J]. Soc., Japan, 1978, 44: 499-503
[83]Benz A, Spring O. Identification and characterization of an auxin-deg rading enzyme in downy midew infected sunflower[J]. Physiol Mol Plant Path, 1995, 46: 163-169
[84]Daayf F. Evidence of phytoalexins in cucumber leaves infected with powdery mildew following treatment with leaf extracts of Reynoutria sachalinensis[J]. Plant Physiology, 1997, 113(3): 719-727
[85]Doke N. NADPH-dependent O2- generation in membrane fraction isolated from wounded potato tumbers inoculated with Phytophthora infestans.Physiol[J]. Plant Pathol, 1985, 27: 311-322
[86]Doumenjou N, Marigo G. Relations polyhenols-croissance: role delacide chlorogenique dans le catabolism anxinique chez Lycopersium esculentum[J]. Physiol Veg, 1978, 16: 319-324
[87]Entry J A. Resistance of graft-compatible and graft-incompatible Pseudotsuga menziesii rooted cuttings to Phellinus weirii. Canadian[J]. Journal of Forest Research, 1994, 24(5): 878-881
[88]Fridovich I. The biology of oxygen radicals[J]. Science, 1978, 201: 875-880
[89]Hausman S F. Changes in peroxidase activity auxin level and ethylene production during root form action by poplar shoots raised in vitro[J]. Plant Growth Regulation, 1993, 13: 263-268
[90]Warmer J. Nitrogen management for controlling petiole spotting, bacterial soft rot of Chinese cabbage[J]. Ministry of Agriculture and Food, 2003, (1): 20-29
[91]Martyn R D, Mclaughlin R J. Susceptibility of aummer squesh to the watermelon wilt pathogen[J]. Plant Disease, 1987, 67: 263-266
[92]McKay and Boyd, 1989; McKay and Boyd, 1990& Simmul, 1989
[93]Melake Berhan. Grain model resistance and polyphenol accumulation in sorghum[J]. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 1996, 44(8): 2428-2434
[94]Mozzetti C, Ferraris L, Tamietti G, et al. Variation in enzyme activities in leaves and cell suspensions as markers of incompatibility in different Phytophthora-pepper interactions[J]. Physiol Mol Plant Pathol, 1995, 46(2): 95-107
[95]Moreau R A, Osmam S F. The properties of reducing agents released by treatment of Solanum tuberosum with elicitors from Phytophthora infestans[J]. Physiol Mol Plant Pathol, 1989, 35: 1-10
[96]Musel G, Sehindler T. Distribution of lignin in primary and secondary cell wall of maize coleoptiles analyzed by chemical and immonological probe[J]. Planta, 1997, (201): 146-159
[97]Nadolny L, Sequeira L. Increase in peroxidase are not directly involved in induced resistance in tobacoo[J ]. Physiol Plant Pathol, 1980, 16(1): 1-8
[98]Nicholsin R L. Phenolic components and their role in disease resistance[J]. Ann. Rew. Phytolathol, 1992, 30: 369-383
[99]Overeen J C, Hhrefall D R. Biochemical aspcects of plant parasite relationships[J]. Academic Press, 1976: 133-135
[100]Phillips D, McKay A. Chinese-A crop at the crossroads [J]. W. A. Grower, 1989, 26(11): 20-21
[101]Phillips D. Chinese research pays off[J]. Good Fruit and Vegetables, September 1990: 26-27
[102]Picinell. A polyphenolic pattern in apple tree leaves in relation to scab resistance[J]. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 1995, 43(8): 2273-2278
[103]Proceedings of the First International Symposium. Chinese Cabbage. Asian Vegetable Research & Development Center[J]. Shanua, Taiwan, China, 1981
[104]Reuveni R. Peroxidase activity as a biochemical marker for resestance of muskmelon (Cucumis melo) to Pseudoperonospora cubensis[J]. Phytopathology, 1992, 82: 749-753
[105]Shetty A. Tatal phenolic content of ridge gourd leaves to downy mildew infection[J]. Current Science, 1983, 52(6): 260
[106]Shiraishi T, Yamada T, Nicholson R L, et al. Phenylalanine ammonialyase in barley: activity enhancement in response to Erysiphegraminis f. sp. Hordei(race 1) a pat hogen, and Erysiphe pisi, a nonpathogen [J]. Physiol Mol Plant Pathol, 1995, 46(2): 153-162
[107]Siegrist J. Defense responses in infected and elicited cucumber (Cucumis sativus L) hypocotyl segments exhibitingacquired resistance [J]. Plant Physiology, 1994, 105(4): 1365-1374
[108]Takahashi K. Physiological disorders in Chinese Cabbage[J]. Chinese Cabbage. AVRDC, Shuanhua, Taiwan. 1981
[109]William Terry Kelly. Chinese and related oriental crops[M]. The University of Georgia College of Agricultural and Environment Sciences Cooperative Extension Service,1999
[110]Yan Wenzhao, Chiu Weifan. Changes of peroxidase activity and isoperoxidases in tomato plants of different resistance infected by tobacco mosaic virus(TMV) [J]. Acta Phytopathologica Sinica, 1985, 15(4): 193-198
[2]曹翠玲,李生秀,张占平. 氮素形态对小麦生长中后期保护酶等生理特性的影响[J]. 土壤通报,2003,34(4):295-298
[3]陈宏,徐秋曼,王葳,等. 镉对小麦幼苗脂质过氧化和保护酶活性的影响[J]. 西北植物学报,2000,20(3):399-403
[4]陈惠明. 烤烟感染赤星病后 4 种酶动态的研究[J]. 云南农业大学学报,1995,10(1):1-5
[5]陈建新,吴雅琴. 甘薯块根内绿原酸、酚含量与抗象甲关系初探[J]. 北京农业大学学报,1994,20(2):178
[6]陈晓梅,郭顺星. 植物抗病性物质的研究进展[J]. 植物学通报,1999,16(6):658-664
[7]陈振德,陈建美,何金明,等. 氮肥对油菜硝酸盐积累的影响[J].土壤肥料,2006,(1):66-67
[8]崔瑞峰. 甘蓝黑腐病苗期抗病性鉴定.山西农业大学硕士研究生毕业论文,2004
[9]丁九敏,高洪斌,刘玉石,等. 黄瓜霜霉病抗性与叶片中生理生化物质含量关系的研究[J]. 辽宁农业科学,2005,(1):11-13
[10]方允中, 李文杰. 自由基与酶基础理论及其在生物学和医学中的应用[M]. 北京:科学出版社,1994:181-188
[11]房慧勇,马峙英. 棉花抗黄萎病机制及抗病性鉴定研究进展[J]. 河北农业科学,2002,6(2):1-7
[12]冯福英,邵金旺,等. 甜菜抗(耐)丛根病性不同的品种绿原酸和阿魏酸研究[J]. 中国甜菜糖业,2001,(4):1-5
[13]冯洁,陈其瑛. 棉株内阿魏酸和绿原酸含量及其对枯萎病抗性的关系[J]. 棉花学报,1990,2(2):81-86
[14]冯 洁,陈其瑛. 棉花体内几种生化物质与抗枯萎病之间的关系的初步研究[J ]. 植物病理学报,1991,21(4):291-297
[15]高晓蓉,杨官品,杨晓云,等. 大白菜品种间小黑点病发生的比较研究[J]. 长江蔬菜,2006,(6):41-42
[16]谷本俊明, 上本哲. ハクサイのゴマ症发生要因にっいて. 日本广岛县立农业试验场报告. 1982, 45:69-78
[17]郭建慧. 大白菜小黑点病的发生与氮素代谢关系的研究[J].山东农业大学硕士学位论文,2006
[18]郭文硕. 油桐品种抗黑斑病生理生化机制研究[J]. 福建林学院学报,1992,12(1):29-35
[19]郭文硕. 油桐品种抗黑斑病机制与超氧物岐化酶之关系[J]. 植物病理学报,1994,24(2):106
[20]郭兴启,朱汉城,严敦余,等. 不同抗性番茄品种感染番茄花叶病毒(TMV)后若干生化反应[J]. 山东农业大学学报,1997,28(3):275-280
[21]韩涛,李丽萍. 果实和蔬菜中PPO的作用[J]. 北京农学院学报,1998,13(2):115-124
[22]何晨阳,王金生. 植物过敏反应中的生理生化变化[J]. 植物生理学通讯,1996,32(2):150-154
[23]洪剑明,邱泽生. 植物的诱导抗病性[J]. 植物学通报,1997,14(2):23-29
[24]胡小松,李积宏,刘文英,等. 马铃薯丝加工中的褐变因素及其控制[J]. 食品科学,1994,(5):35-42
[25]黄建韶,田宏现. 莲藕中多酚氧化酶的性质[J]. 吉首大学学报(自然科学版),2002,23(2):82-84
[26]吉田隆德, 大友讓二, 冲森 當. ハクサイのゴマ症发生要因に關よる研究. 日本广岛县立农业试验场报告. 1984, 48:93-104
[27]江俊昌, 余有本. 苯丙氨酸解氨酶的研究进展[J]. 安徽农业大学学报, 2001,(4):425-430
[28]金珠,匡晶,洪法水,等. 马齿苋抗霜霉病的生理基础研究[J]. 淮北煤师院学报,1999,20(3):55-59
[29]鞠志国. 一种改进的酚类物质测定方法[J]. 莱阳农学院学报,1989,6(2):48-51
[30]柯玉琴,潘廷国,等. 甘薯抗蔓割病的生理机制 2.甘薯抗蔓割病与多酚氧化酶及其同功酶的关系[J]. 福建农业大学学报,1996,25(3):377-380
[31]柯玉琴,潘廷国. NaCl 胁迫对甘薯苗期生长、IAA 代谢的影响及其与耐盐性的关系[J]. 应用生态学报,2002,13(10):1303-1306
[32]孔祥瑞. 自由基及其分子生物学研究进展[J]. 生物科学动态,1984,4:11-18
[33]李保聚,李凤云. 黄瓜不同抗性品种感染黑星病菌后过氧化物酶和多酚氧化酶的变化[J]. 中国农业科学,1998,31(1):86-88
[34]李洪连. 黄瓜对炭疽病诱导抗性的初步研究[J]. 植物病理学报,1993,23(4):227-2325
[35]李焕秀,苏君芝,卞青山. 番茄品种对 ToMV 抗性与氧化酶活性的关系研究[J]. 中国农学通报,2004,20(6):19-22
[36]李靖,利谷千. 黄瓜感染霜霉病菌叶片中一些酶活性的变化[J]. 植物病理学报,1991,2(4):277-283
[37]李靖. 黄瓜感染霜霉病菌叶片中一些酶活性的变化[J]. 植物病理学报,1991,21(4):277-283
[38]李靖,刘容干,袁文静. 黄瓜感染霜霉病菌叶片中一些酶活性的变化[J]. 植物病理学报,1991,21(4):277-282
[39]李淑菊,马德华,庞金安,等. 黄瓜感染黑星病菌后德生理生化变化及抗病性的产生[J]. 华北农学报,2003,18(3):74-77
[40]李兆亮,原永兵,刘成连,等. 水杨酸对黄瓜叶片抗氧化剂酶系的调节作用[J]. 植物学报,1998,40(4):356-361
[41]梁峥,郑光植. 高等植物的次级代谢[J]. 植物生理学通讯,1981,(1):14-21
[42]铃木直治. 张际中,齐显章译. 近代植物病理化学[M].上海:上海科学技术出版社,1985
[43]刘思衡. 小麦抗赤霉病生理生化研究进展[J]. 福建稻麦科技,1994,12(2):43-46
[44]陆景陵. 植物营养学(上册)[M]. 北京,中国农业大学出版社, 2003,192
[45]罗金葵,陈巍,沈其荣. 不同小白菜器官对氮素形态响应的生理差异[J]. 南京农业大学学报,2004,27(3):50-53
[46]松本美枝子. ハクサイゴマ症の发生とその防止法に關よる研究. 日本富山县农业技术中心研究报告. 1991, 11:1-92
[47]宋凤鸣,郑重. 过氧化物酶在棉花对枯萎病抗病性种的作用[J]. 浙江农业大学学报,1997,23(2):143-148
[48]宋凤鸣,郑重. 枯萎病菌侵染后棉苗体内多酚氧化酶活性的变化[J]. 植物生理学通报,1997,33(3):175-177
[49]宋凤鸣,郑重. 绿原酸和阿魏酸与棉花对枯萎病抗性的关系[J]. 浙江农业大学学报,1996,22(3):236-240
[50]申卫星,陈玉. 西瓜枯萎病菌对西瓜及其嫁接砧木的接种试验和绿原酸﹑阿魏酸变化动态同抗病性的关系[J]. 山东农业大学学报,1998,29(4):460-477
[51]寿森炎,杨信廷,朱祝军,等. 氮素形态和光照强度对番茄生长及抗氧化酶活性的影响[J]. 浙江大学学报 (农业与生命科学版),2000,26(5):500-504
[52]王建明. 枯萎病菌对西瓜不同抗感品种丙二醛含量及某些保护酶活性的影响[J]. 植物病理学报,2001,31(2):152-156
[53]王建明,郭春绒,张作刚,等. 西瓜不同品种苗期感染枯萎病菌后的生理生化变化[J]. 中国农业科学,2002,35(11):1343-1348
[54]王金胜,郭春绒,刘桂林. 农业生物化学技术[M]. 太原:山西科学技术出版社,1977:22-170
[55]王智. 山药种质资源抗性鉴定、抗病机制研究和遗传多样性分析[J].河南农业大学硕士学位论文,2004
[56]魏国强,钱琼秋,朱祝军. 黄瓜白粉病抗性及生理机制的研究[J]. 华北农学报,2004,19(2):84-86
[57]吴红梅,萧慧,刘刚,等. 多酚氧化酶的研究进展[J]. 茶叶通报,2004,26(2):62-64
[58]吴文华. 茉莉酸甲酯对水稻幼苗叶片中碳水化合物含量及苯病氨酸解氨酶和多酚氧化酶活性的影响[J]. 植物生理学通报,1997,33(3):178-180
[59]谢文华,谢大森. 棱角丝瓜不同品种对霜霉病抗性的相关研究[J]. 华南农业大学学报,1999,20(2):28-31
[60]徐建华. 黄瓜不同抗病品种感染镰刀菌枯萎病菌后几种酶活性的变化[J]. 植物病理学报,1995,25(3):239-2422
[61]许启新,余纪柱,陆世钧,等. 黄瓜苗期过氧化物酶活性的变化规律及其与抗枯萎病的关系[J]. 上海农业学报,1994,10(3):58-62
[62]阎新甫,韩锦峰. 烟草多酚类化合物的研究进展[J]. 华北农学报,1987,(2):31-38
[63]杨家书,李舜芳,吴畏,等. 小麦品种对白粉病抗性与过氧化物酶的关系[J]. 植物病理学报,1984,14(4):235-240
[64]杨晓云,张淑霞,张清霞,等. 基因型对大白菜小黑点病发生的影响及抗病品种筛选[J]. 北方园艺,2006,(6):25-26
[65]杨晓云,张淑霞,张清霞,等. 氮肥对大白菜生理障害--小黑点病发生影响的初步研究[J]. 华北农学报,2006,21(增刊):151-153
[66]余华,周洪波,何龙海,等. 盐渍茄子酱菜酶促褐变的酶学特性研究[J]. 中国调味品,2004,306(8):23-26
[67]袁建玉,侯喜林,李萍芳. 不结球白菜胞质雄性不育新种质花蕾和叶片中活性氧代谢的变化[J]. 南京农业大学学报,2006,29(1):18-22
[68]袁庆华,桂枝,张文淑. 苜蓿抗感褐斑病品种内超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化物酶和多酚氧化酶活性的比较[J]. 草业学报,2002,11(2):100-104
[69]云兴福. 黄瓜组织中氨基酸、糖和叶绿素含量与其对霜霉病菌抗菌素菌素性的关系[J]. 华北农学报,1993,8(4):52-58
[70]云兴福,崔世茂,霍秀文. 黄瓜组织中几种酶活性与其对霜霉病抗性的关系[J]. 华北农学报,1995,10(1):92-98
[71]曾永三,王振中. 豇豆与锈菌互作中的活性氧代谢研究[J]. 植物病理学报,2004,34(2):147-153
[72]张俊华,崔崇士. 不同抗性南瓜品种感染 Phytophthora capsici 病菌后几种酶活性测定[J]. 东北农业大大学学报,2003,34(2):124-128
[73]张显,王鸣. 西瓜枯萎病抗性及其与体内一些生化物质含量的关系[J]. 西北农业学报,2001,10(4):34-36
[74]章元寿. 植物病理生理学[M]. 南京:江苏科学技术出版社,1996
[75]赵东海,张建平,侯菊花. 蘑菇中多酚氧化酶酶学特性的研究[J]. 食品与机械,2004,(5):12-13
[76]赵羹梅,张鹏宴,蒋小满. 过氧化物酶活性与玉米自交系对丝穗病抗性的关系[J]. 植物病理学报,1996,26(1):37-39
[77]赵明敏,刘正坪,胡俊. 茄子黄萎病菌毒素对茄子体内几种酶活性的影响[J]. 华北农学报,2003,18(2):70-73
[78]赵世杰. 植物生理学实验技术[M]. 2004:110-111
[79]郑翠明. 感染后大豆种皮超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化物酶和多酚氧化酶的变化[J]. 1999,32(1):35-39
[80]郑宝东,黄杰,郑金贵. 建莲中多酚氧化酶动力学特性的研究[J]. 中国食品学报,2003,(3):41-42
[81]庄炳昌,王玉民. 抗性不同大豆品种感染灰斑病后若干生化变化[J]. 作物学报,1993,19(6):568-569
[82]Akustu M, Watanabe M. Studies on the physiological changes in the rice plants infected with Xanthomonas oryzae.ann.phytopath[J]. Soc., Japan, 1978, 44: 499-503
[83]Benz A, Spring O. Identification and characterization of an auxin-deg rading enzyme in downy midew infected sunflower[J]. Physiol Mol Plant Path, 1995, 46: 163-169
[84]Daayf F. Evidence of phytoalexins in cucumber leaves infected with powdery mildew following treatment with leaf extracts of Reynoutria sachalinensis[J]. Plant Physiology, 1997, 113(3): 719-727
[85]Doke N. NADPH-dependent O2- generation in membrane fraction isolated from wounded potato tumbers inoculated with Phytophthora infestans.Physiol[J]. Plant Pathol, 1985, 27: 311-322
[86]Doumenjou N, Marigo G. Relations polyhenols-croissance: role delacide chlorogenique dans le catabolism anxinique chez Lycopersium esculentum[J]. Physiol Veg, 1978, 16: 319-324
[87]Entry J A. Resistance of graft-compatible and graft-incompatible Pseudotsuga menziesii rooted cuttings to Phellinus weirii. Canadian[J]. Journal of Forest Research, 1994, 24(5): 878-881
[88]Fridovich I. The biology of oxygen radicals[J]. Science, 1978, 201: 875-880
[89]Hausman S F. Changes in peroxidase activity auxin level and ethylene production during root form action by poplar shoots raised in vitro[J]. Plant Growth Regulation, 1993, 13: 263-268
[90]Warmer J. Nitrogen management for controlling petiole spotting, bacterial soft rot of Chinese cabbage[J]. Ministry of Agriculture and Food, 2003, (1): 20-29
[91]Martyn R D, Mclaughlin R J. Susceptibility of aummer squesh to the watermelon wilt pathogen[J]. Plant Disease, 1987, 67: 263-266
[92]McKay and Boyd, 1989; McKay and Boyd, 1990& Simmul, 1989
[93]Melake Berhan. Grain model resistance and polyphenol accumulation in sorghum[J]. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 1996, 44(8): 2428-2434
[94]Mozzetti C, Ferraris L, Tamietti G, et al. Variation in enzyme activities in leaves and cell suspensions as markers of incompatibility in different Phytophthora-pepper interactions[J]. Physiol Mol Plant Pathol, 1995, 46(2): 95-107
[95]Moreau R A, Osmam S F. The properties of reducing agents released by treatment of Solanum tuberosum with elicitors from Phytophthora infestans[J]. Physiol Mol Plant Pathol, 1989, 35: 1-10
[96]Musel G, Sehindler T. Distribution of lignin in primary and secondary cell wall of maize coleoptiles analyzed by chemical and immonological probe[J]. Planta, 1997, (201): 146-159
[97]Nadolny L, Sequeira L. Increase in peroxidase are not directly involved in induced resistance in tobacoo[J ]. Physiol Plant Pathol, 1980, 16(1): 1-8
[98]Nicholsin R L. Phenolic components and their role in disease resistance[J]. Ann. Rew. Phytolathol, 1992, 30: 369-383
[99]Overeen J C, Hhrefall D R. Biochemical aspcects of plant parasite relationships[J]. Academic Press, 1976: 133-135
[100]Phillips D, McKay A. Chinese-A crop at the crossroads [J]. W. A. Grower, 1989, 26(11): 20-21
[101]Phillips D. Chinese research pays off[J]. Good Fruit and Vegetables, September 1990: 26-27
[102]Picinell. A polyphenolic pattern in apple tree leaves in relation to scab resistance[J]. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 1995, 43(8): 2273-2278
[103]Proceedings of the First International Symposium. Chinese Cabbage. Asian Vegetable Research & Development Center[J]. Shanua, Taiwan, China, 1981
[104]Reuveni R. Peroxidase activity as a biochemical marker for resestance of muskmelon (Cucumis melo) to Pseudoperonospora cubensis[J]. Phytopathology, 1992, 82: 749-753
[105]Shetty A. Tatal phenolic content of ridge gourd leaves to downy mildew infection[J]. Current Science, 1983, 52(6): 260
[106]Shiraishi T, Yamada T, Nicholson R L, et al. Phenylalanine ammonialyase in barley: activity enhancement in response to Erysiphegraminis f. sp. Hordei(race 1) a pat hogen, and Erysiphe pisi, a nonpathogen [J]. Physiol Mol Plant Pathol, 1995, 46(2): 153-162
[107]Siegrist J. Defense responses in infected and elicited cucumber (Cucumis sativus L) hypocotyl segments exhibitingacquired resistance [J]. Plant Physiology, 1994, 105(4): 1365-1374
[108]Takahashi K. Physiological disorders in Chinese Cabbage[J]. Chinese Cabbage. AVRDC, Shuanhua, Taiwan. 1981
[109]William Terry Kelly. Chinese and related oriental crops[M]. The University of Georgia College of Agricultural and Environment Sciences Cooperative Extension Service,1999
[110]Yan Wenzhao, Chiu Weifan. Changes of peroxidase activity and isoperoxidases in tomato plants of different resistance infected by tobacco mosaic virus(TMV) [J]. Acta Phytopathologica Sinica, 1985, 15(4): 193-198