还原烧结高铁含铝物料综合提取铝和铁
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摘要
我国有大量高铁含铝资源,包括高铁低铝硅比的铝土矿,高铁赤泥、含铝铁的粉煤灰和冶金炉渣。采用经济合理的方法从中提取铝和铁是资源综合利用和环境保护的大势所趋。在查阅了大量的国内外综合提取铝铁资料的基础上,选取“还原烧结-溶出-磁选”工艺作为综合提取铁铝的方案,并对此进行了细致地研究。
首先,本工作以Al_2O_3、Fe_2O_3和Na_2CO_3为原料研究了Na_2O-Al_2O_3-Fe_2O_3系各组元在烧结过程中的反应行为。结果表明:Al_2O_3、Fe_2O_3与Na_2CO_3生成相应化合物的反应均属扩散控制的固相反应,符合相同的反应机理Zhuralev Lesokin&Tempelman方程,表观活化能分别为186.59 kJ/mol和80.92 kJ/mol,表明Na_2O·Fe_2O_3比Na_2O·Al_2O_3动力学上更容易形成;氧化铁对铝酸钠的形成有双重作用,一方面,在低温下,氧化铁能加速铝酸钠的生成,但是,另一方面,当温度超过1050℃后,氧化铁可加速铝酸钠的分解,且随温度升高或时间延长分解加剧;以高铁铝土矿为原料研究了还原烧结-溶出-磁选回收Na_2O、Al_2O_3和Fe的工艺技术条件。确定了最佳的炉料配方、烧结制度、溶出和磁选条件,取得了氧化铝溶出率大于90%、铁回收率达90%,铁精矿中TFe含量大于60%的良好结果,研究结果对采取“还原烧结-溶出-磁选”工艺处理高铁含铝物料提取率和铁具有重要意义。
There are a lot of high iron Al-containing resources with low alumina-silica ratio in China,such as high iron bauxite,high iron red mud, coal ash and metalurgical slag containing Al and Fe.It is developing trend of resources comprehensive utilization and environmental protection to adopt an economic and reasonable method for extracting Al an Fe from those resources.On the basis of domestic and international literatures on comprehensive extraction of Al and Fe,"reductive sintering-leaching-magnetic separation" process was developed for comprehensively extracting Al and Fe,and studied in detail.
Firstly,the reaction behavior of components in Na_2O-Al_2O_3-Fe_2O_3 system was studied with Al_2O_3,Fe_2O_3 and Na_2CO_3 as starting samples. The results of kinetic study show that both reactions of Al_2O_3 and Fe_2O_3 with Na_2CO_3 are in accordance with the Zhuralev Lesokin&Tempelman's diffusion-controlled model in kinetics,and the apparent activation energy is 186.59 kJ/mol and 80.92 kJ/mol,respectively.The formation of Na_2O·Fe_2O_3 is prior to that of Na_2O·Al_2O_3.Fe_2O_3 has double effects on the formation of Na_2O·Al_2O_3,e.g.,it can accelerate the formation of Na_2O·Al_2O_3 at low temperature while accelerate the decomposition of Na_2O·Al_2O_3 as the temperature is higher than 1050℃,moreover the temperature increase or time prolongation favors the reaction between Fe_2O_3 and Na_O·Al_2O_3.Based on the theoretical study above,the technology condition of recovering Na_2O,Al_2O_3 and Fe by reductive sintering-leaching-magnetic separation process was studied with high iron bauxite.The optimal formula of sinter,conditions of sintering, leaching and magnetic separation were determined experimentally.The about 90%of alumina extraction and Fe recovery can be achieved,while TFe content in iron concentrate is more than 60%.We believe that it has important significance to recove Al and Fe by Process of Reductive Sintering-Leaching-Magnetic Separeation in order to utilize comprehensively such high iron Al-containing resources.
首先,本工作以Al_2O_3、Fe_2O_3和Na_2CO_3为原料研究了Na_2O-Al_2O_3-Fe_2O_3系各组元在烧结过程中的反应行为。结果表明:Al_2O_3、Fe_2O_3与Na_2CO_3生成相应化合物的反应均属扩散控制的固相反应,符合相同的反应机理Zhuralev Lesokin&Tempelman方程,表观活化能分别为186.59 kJ/mol和80.92 kJ/mol,表明Na_2O·Fe_2O_3比Na_2O·Al_2O_3动力学上更容易形成;氧化铁对铝酸钠的形成有双重作用,一方面,在低温下,氧化铁能加速铝酸钠的生成,但是,另一方面,当温度超过1050℃后,氧化铁可加速铝酸钠的分解,且随温度升高或时间延长分解加剧;以高铁铝土矿为原料研究了还原烧结-溶出-磁选回收Na_2O、Al_2O_3和Fe的工艺技术条件。确定了最佳的炉料配方、烧结制度、溶出和磁选条件,取得了氧化铝溶出率大于90%、铁回收率达90%,铁精矿中TFe含量大于60%的良好结果,研究结果对采取“还原烧结-溶出-磁选”工艺处理高铁含铝物料提取率和铁具有重要意义。
There are a lot of high iron Al-containing resources with low alumina-silica ratio in China,such as high iron bauxite,high iron red mud, coal ash and metalurgical slag containing Al and Fe.It is developing trend of resources comprehensive utilization and environmental protection to adopt an economic and reasonable method for extracting Al an Fe from those resources.On the basis of domestic and international literatures on comprehensive extraction of Al and Fe,"reductive sintering-leaching-magnetic separation" process was developed for comprehensively extracting Al and Fe,and studied in detail.
Firstly,the reaction behavior of components in Na_2O-Al_2O_3-Fe_2O_3 system was studied with Al_2O_3,Fe_2O_3 and Na_2CO_3 as starting samples. The results of kinetic study show that both reactions of Al_2O_3 and Fe_2O_3 with Na_2CO_3 are in accordance with the Zhuralev Lesokin&Tempelman's diffusion-controlled model in kinetics,and the apparent activation energy is 186.59 kJ/mol and 80.92 kJ/mol,respectively.The formation of Na_2O·Fe_2O_3 is prior to that of Na_2O·Al_2O_3.Fe_2O_3 has double effects on the formation of Na_2O·Al_2O_3,e.g.,it can accelerate the formation of Na_2O·Al_2O_3 at low temperature while accelerate the decomposition of Na_2O·Al_2O_3 as the temperature is higher than 1050℃,moreover the temperature increase or time prolongation favors the reaction between Fe_2O_3 and Na_O·Al_2O_3.Based on the theoretical study above,the technology condition of recovering Na_2O,Al_2O_3 and Fe by reductive sintering-leaching-magnetic separation process was studied with high iron bauxite.The optimal formula of sinter,conditions of sintering, leaching and magnetic separation were determined experimentally.The about 90%of alumina extraction and Fe recovery can be achieved,while TFe content in iron concentrate is more than 60%.We believe that it has important significance to recove Al and Fe by Process of Reductive Sintering-Leaching-Magnetic Separeation in order to utilize comprehensively such high iron Al-containing resources.
引文
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[4]Maneesh Singh S N,Upadhayay P M Prasad.Preparation of iron rich cements using red mud[J].Cement and Concrete Research,1997,27(7):1037-1046
[5]于传敏,黄国智,方启学.精矿铝硅比对选矿-拜耳法经济性的影响[J].轻金属,2002,(9):13-17
[6]刘中凡,杜雅君.我国铝土矿资源综合分析[J].轻金属,2000,12:8-12
[7]穆新和.我国铝土矿资源合理开发利用的探讨[J].矿产与地质,2002,16(92):313-315
[8]北京中经纵横经济研究院.2007年中国氧化铝市场调查报告.2007-1:8,26-30
[9]中国统计局.《中国统计年鉴2005-2008》[M].北京:中国统计局出版,2008.
[10]王一平.对我国铁矿资源开发利用的几点看法[J].金属矿山,2000,4:6-8
[11]吴博成.合理利用国内外两种铁矿资源的探讨[J].金属矿山,1994,8:8-10
[12]W 富尔达,H 金诗伯著.《氧化铝和铝》上册[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,1960:223-243.
[13]B A马泽里著.冶金工业部有色金属管理局译.氧化铝生产[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,1959:156-159
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[16]Grzymek J,Derdacka-Grzymek A,Konik Z.Way of weathered basalt enrichment for alumina and titanium-ferric concentrate recovery[C].In:Proceedings of the Technical Sessions by the TMS Light Metals Committee at the 118 TMS Annual Meeting.Las Vegas:Light Metals,1989.61-67
[17]Pedersen H.Norwegian Patent,Norwegian Patent 43415,1924
[18]N I Eremin.Proc Of the Intenat[C].Symposium of ICSOBA,Budapest,1971,329-335.
[19]徐进修,罗修连.赤泥的综合利用和有价金属的回收工艺综述[J].广西冶金,1994,(4):19-29.
[20]E Ercagt,R Apak.Furnace smelting and extractive metallurgy of red mud recovery of TiO_2,Al_2O_3 and pig iron[J].Chemical Technology Biotechnology,1997,(70):241-246
[21]廖春发,卢惠明,邱定蕃,等.从赤泥中综合回收有价金属工艺的研究进展[J].轻金属,2003,(10):18-22
[22]邝中,李涛.含铁铝土矿生产氧化铝工艺.中国专利,ZL1424256A,2003-06-18
[23]陈德,荣海洪,徐树涛.从高铁铝土矿中提取铁和铝的方法。中国专利:ZL 176612RA.2006-05-03
[24]Ban T E.Staged-electric ironmaking utilizing solid wastes of the aluminum and steel industries[J].Resources and Conservation,1982,9(8):199-208
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