音乐教育中的发散思维研究
详细信息    本馆镜像全文|  推荐本文 |  |   获取CNKI官网全文
摘要
本研究主要以吉尔福特(J. P. Guilford,1897—1987)对发散思维的研究为理论基础,做了有关发散思维的测量研究,旨在研究发散思维在音乐教育中是否具有可操作性,以及在音乐中发散思维的特征性的表现程度。
     笔者通过对国内外有关发散思维的研究回顾发现,绝大多数研究都是在关于创造力研究的基础上,针对教育培养进行的;笔者也是基于培养创造力的目标,按照吉尔福特的理论而展开相关研究。本文将重点放在音乐中的发散思维研究上,着重对发散思维的音乐表现力进行调查、分析、观察、实验等方法的研究。研究定位在思维的三个维度内,即语义内容、符号内容和行为内容,并根据三个发散思维的特征,即流畅性、灵活性和独特性进行判断、衡量和总结。
     本文的研究发现:发散思维能力在音乐教育中具有可操作性;不同风格的音乐对思维的发散能力具有不同的影响;在不同的维度里,发散思维的特征性表现不一样,且流畅性>灵活性>独特性;并且被试在进行发散思维的过程中会受到环境因素的影响。
Based on Guilford's theory on divergent thinking, the study focuses on the measurement of divergent thinking. The thesis is aimed to study whether divergent thinking is operable in music education, and the performance level of the characteristics of divergent thinking level in music.
     Through a review of relevant studies, the author found that most studies on divergent thinking were based on creativity, and aimed at education and training. Following on Guilford's theory, the study of the thesis is carried with a goal of cultivating of creativity. The study is concerned with the divergent thinking in music; the emphases are put on the investigation, analysis, observation and experiments on the music performance of divergent thinking. Localized on the dimensions of semantic content, symbols content and behavior content, these three characteristics of divergent thinking, namely fluency, flexibility and uniqueness, were judged, measured and summarized.
     Conclusions are drawn that divergent thinking is operable in music education; different styles of music on thinking divergent ability has the different effects on divergent thinking; In different dimension, characteristics of divergent thinking has different performance:fluency>flexibility> uniqueness;the divergent thinking of the subjects could be influenced by environmental factors.
引文
百度百科.发散思维.百度词条:http://baike.baidu.com/view/79536.htm#sub79536.
    百度白科.吉尔福特三维智力结构图.百度词条:http://baike.baidu.com/image/ac0acf138c3f583e5baf5329.
    暴占光、华炜、张向葵、田录梅.发散思维训练对62名初一学生创造力的影响.中国心理卫生杂志,2007,(3):169-170.
    程建平.音乐与创造性思维.上海:上海音乐出版社,2007:74-175.
    程如烟、张旭、黄军英.世界各国纷纷将科技发展创新放在突出位置.人民日报,2010,3,1.
    陈鸿翔.从广义相对论看发散思维的重要性.武汉交通职业学院学报,2004,1.
    陈琳.营造音乐课“创造教育”环境,培养学生的创新能力.21世纪教育思想文献,2007,1.
    曹永亮.谈培养学生发散思维能力.安徽农业技术师范学院学报,1998,4.
    崔琴华、齐誉婷.对5-6岁幼儿发散思维能力的测试报告.绍兴师专学报(社会科学版),1987.2.
    邓筱红.发散思维能力的培养.九江师专学报,1998,5.
    董奇.E-P-托兰斯的创造力研究工作.心理发展与教育,1985,(1):40-42.
    董奇.发散思维的测量与评价.北京师范大学学报,1985,1.
    段先志、刘刚.发散思维教学与学生创新能力的培养.南吕职业技术师范学院学报,2001,1.
    段培京.吉尔福特论创造力.心理发展与教育,1986,(2):42-43.
    段继扬.试论发散思维在创造性思维中的地位和作用.大众心理学,1986(9):31-34.
    傅世侠.创造学究竟是什么[J].科学研究,2003,(5):455-460.
    冯莉.在创新性学习中培养学生的发散思维能力.科学教育,2003,3.
    顾明远.教育大辞典.上海:上海教育出版社,1990,(5):239.
    郭琳.发散思维《茶花女》——谈不同思维方式对歌剧《茶花女》演出版本的影响.电影评价,2009.1.
    郭宾.发散思维好.思维与智慧,2003,1.
    高琳.关于音乐教育与培养创新思维的关系的思考.河南大学学报(社会科学版),2003,6.
    高小明.浅谈音乐创造性思维的培养.大众文艺(理论),2009,12.
    龚太亚.用新课程标准培养学生发散思维能力.黄冈日报,2010,3,4.
    韩雪.声乐教育中创造思维能力的培养.才智,2010,28.
    贺素敏.如何培养学生的发散思维.历史教学,1997,9.
    何建军.创设教学情境,培养发散思维.职业教育研究,2007,3.
    黄丽美.国民中小学组织创新气氛内涵与教师知觉之研究.台北市教育大学学报,1994,36(2):171-210.
    黄沙枚.奥尔夫音乐教学课堂中创造力氛围的实证研究.星海音乐学院硕十论文,2009:8,13.
    黄锦芬、沈坚.幼儿发散思维测试浅析.广州教育,1987,5.
    黄岩崚.用发散思维给创新插上翅膀.文学教育(下),2009,12.
    黄忠昭.论音乐教育与创新思维能力的培养.桂林高等师范专科学校学报(综合版),2006,3.
    金盛华.论创造力的本质与测量.北京师范大学学报(社会科学版),1992,(1):68-75,68.
    金盛华、章至光.试论创造力的研究.全国第六届心理学学术会议文摘选集,1987,152.
    解丽娜.发散思维与艺术阐释.成功(教育),2010,8.
    姜德辉.创造性测量法.新浪博客:http://blog.sina.com.cn/djjdh.
    康纪权.浅谈培养学生的发散思维能力.川北教育学院学报,1991,2.
    李蕾.音乐欣赏教学与创造性思维培养的研究.吉林艺术学院学报,2004,12.
    李爱华.理工科研究生的培养与音乐素质教育.学位与研究生教育,1998,3.
    李佃春.谈学生发散思维能力的培养.濮阳职业技术学院学报,2005,8.
    李孝忠.创造能力测量及其发展趋势.外国教育研究,1995,(2):30-32.
    李自璋.发散思维概念之我见.心理学探新,1991,(4):39.
    李和芬.谈创造性思维能力的核心——发散思维能力的训练和培养.川北教育学院院刊,1989.2.
    李幼穗、远建光.培养幼儿发散思维的初步尝试.天津师大学报(社会科学版),1990,3.
    李敏.注重培养学生发散思维能力.吉林广播电视大学学报,2004,1.
    李敏.在创新教育中注重儿童音乐教育的特点.琼州学院学报,2007,1.
    李立群.论音乐审美教学与学生的创造性思维.天津教育报,2010,11,24.
    李润娟.在谐动教学模式中培养学生的发散思维.四川教育学院学报,2002,4.
    李争艳.变革教学手段,培养学生发散思维能力.大同职业技术学院学报,2003,3.
    李静玉.浅谈音乐教育的目的.辽宁高职学报,2002,5.
    李芊.音乐教育钢琴教学中培养学生创造性思维的探索.山东师范大学,2005,4.
    李娟.初中生学习音乐的障碍及对策初探.黄河之声,2008,16.
    廖家骅.谈音乐创造力的开发.人民音乐,1988,(6):30-31.
    陆十杰.青海高原9-15岁多民族儿童发散的比较研究.心理发展与教育,1987,3.
    林幸台.创造力测量.台北:心理出版社,2000:264-304.
    刘沛、任恺译.音乐心理学手册(第二版).长沙:湖南文艺出版社,2006:139.
    刘沛.音乐教育的理论与实践.上海:上海音乐出版社,2006:266
    刘伟.当代心理学关于创造性才能研究的回顾与前瞻.南京师范大学学报(社会科学版),2001,(2):83-90.
    刘志安、翟丽萍、郭文英.创造力及创造力测验.山东教育,1999,(7):15.
    刘汉民.论大学生发散思维能力的培养.教育与职业,2006,32.
    刘宇文.论大学素质教育的现实与理想.湖南教育学院学报,2001,2.
    刘春蕾、王敏、张庆林.创造性思维的脑机制.心理科学进展,2009,(1):3.
    罗玲玲.创造力测评存在的争议及研究转向的方法论意义.科学技术与辩证法,2006,23(1):37-41.
    龙石佑.发散思维,拓展选材新思路.当代教育论坛(下半月刊),2009,5.
    孟宪鹏.发散思维.思维与智慧,1997,6.
    孟建红.培养学生的发散思维能力.新乡教育学院学报,2005,1.
    欧阳禾子.从图形走向发散思维的训练.江西师范大学,2005,6.
    浦洋.开发学生音乐创造性思维和创造力的初探.爱满天下,2007,(Z1):51-52.
    潘洁、金炜、赵敏、余强、徐成芳.上海地区大学生发散思维的测试研究.心理科学通讯,1983,(4):28.
    潘仲君、阎力.情绪状态对发散产出的影响.第十二届全国心理学学术大会论文摘要集,2009:538.
    潘文涛.如何在幼儿音乐活动中进行创新教育.沈阳教育学院学报,2000,1.
    钱甜.高职院校音乐教学中学生创新能力培养的探讨.黑河学刊,2010,9.
    钱品.创造性测量法的回顾与展望.社会心理科学,2004,19(4):18.
    任凯.专业音乐院校学生调性音乐短时记忆的实时测量研究.中国音乐学院硕士论文,2007:2.
    阮永庆.运用“情境教学法”培养学生发散思维能力.新课程研究(基础教育),2008,5.
    师保国、中继亮.创造性系统观及其对创新教育的启示.中国教育学刊,2005,(8):5-8.
    宋方灿.全国科技大会,又迎来一个科学的春天.人民日报,2006.
    宋方成.发散思维刍议.绍兴师专学报(社会科学版),1986,1.
    宋晓辉、施建农创造力测量手段——同感评估技术(CAT)简介.心理科学进展,2005,13(6):739-744.
    陶家元.发散思维中的聚焦点.西南民族学院学报(自然科学版),1998,2.
    汤韻.P.伯纳德音乐创造性研究对音乐教育的启示.中国音乐学院硕士论文,2010.
    谭仕炯.一题多证,培养发散思维.才智,2008,16.
    史鹏飞.培养大学生发散思维能力初探.山西高等学校社会科学学报,2000,2.
    王小英、杨艳.不同年龄阶段幼儿发散思维发展的特点及趋势.东北师范大学教科院,2004,9.
    王敏.创造性思维中新颖性产生的脑机制。西南大学硕士论文,2010.
    王蓁蓁、邢汉乘、张志政、倪庆剑.模拟人类发散思维的测度值马尔可夫理论模型.南京大学学报(自然科学),2008,44(2):149.
    王芷姮.采取多种形式训练发散思维.黑龙江教育,1996,3.
    王树林、郭静.发散思维引米财源滚滚.思维与智慧,2001,1.
    王俊.发散思维的启迪与开放性教育.成功(教育),2009,9.
    王子婴.幼儿音乐创造力教学设计的行动研究.华东师范大学硕十论文,2009.
    王立军.浅谈教育教学中的发散思维.科教文汇(中旬刊),2008.
    汀安圣.思维心理学.上海:上海教育出版社,1992.
    吴睿.音乐教学中如何培养学生的创造思维.音乐生活,2008,12.
    吴慧.浅谈音乐剧新模式在初中音乐教学中的渗透.才智,2010,17.
    武道明.浅议在音乐欣赏教学中如何体现学生的主体地位.科技信息,2009,16.
    翁承新.小谈发散思维.师范教育,1986,3.
    许淑莲、吴志平、吴振云、孙长华.发散思维的年龄差异及“位置法”记忆训练的作用.心理学报,1993,(3):251.
    许亚娟.音乐教育中应注意学生创新能力培养.大舞台,2010,1.
    徐玉珍.打破“思维定势”培养发散思维.中小学教师培训,2003,6.
    徐加林.巧用发散思维,助你轻松探究.学知报,2010,12.
    胥翠萍.在音乐教育中实施创新教育.艺海,2009,8.
    薛亚君.多元化音乐思维的研究与实践.佳木斯大学社会科学学报,2005,6.
    席萌.钢琴教学中培养学生创新能力的方法和途径.音乐天地,2010,3.
    余静.浅谈学生音乐创造力的培养.科教文汇,2006,(6):114-115.
    俞葛忠.建构发散点:为培养发散思维能力奠基.教育理论与实践,2009,5.
    杨文圣、李振云.试析发散思维是创新思维的核心.衡水师专学报,2003,5(4):65.
    杨清.简明心理学辞典.吉林:吉林人民出版社,1985.
    杨颖.浅谈学生创造性思维的培养.陕西青年管理干部学院学报,2004,4.
    杨洪梅.发散思维的培养探讨.科技信息,2008,26.
    佚名.布鲁纳的结构主义教学理论.教育理论与实践,2008,(4):37-38.
    岳晓东、龚放.创新思维的形成与创新人才的培养.教育研究,1999,(10):13-14.
    周世斌.音乐教育与心理研究方法.上海:上海音乐出版社,2005:52-73.
    周坚文.训练发散思维,培养创新能力.发明与创新(综合版),2005,8.
    周莉斌.欣赏,为学生插上想象的翅膀.江苏省教育学会,2006.
    朱慧、黄志刚.让背景音乐营造良好课堂心理环境.高教论坛,2006,5.
    朱平原.情绪对创造性思维的影响.宿州教育学院学报,2010,13(1):116-117.
    张丽萍.音乐教育中创造力的培养.艺术教育,2007,(5):64.
    张卫民.科尔曼儿童创造性音乐教学实验与我国儿童音乐教学创新策略.中国音乐学,2002,(1).
    张卫民.儿童艺术教育创新论.北京:高等教育出版社,2001:10-15.
    张景焕、林崇德、金盛华.创造力研究的回顾与前瞻.心理科学,2007,30(4):995997.
    张丽华、自学军.创造性思维研究概述.教育科学,2006,22(5):86-89.
    张庆林.创造性研究手册.四川:四川教育出版社,2002.
    张庆林.创造性心理学.北京:高等教育出版社,2004.
    张峰、冯庆林、何亚云.20年来的西方创造性心理测验研究:方法与问题.西北师大学报(社会科学版),2003,40(1):94.
    张峰.创新研究的系统模型与创新机制的创新[J].云南师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版),2001,33(5):14-22.
    张会才.发散思维培养之我见.吉林教育科学,1999,4.
    张淑芬.如何训练发散思维.现代哲学,1988,2.
    张念宏.教育百科辞典.北京:中国农业科技出版社,1988,76.
    张存山.引导学生发散思维,提高创新思维能力.网络财富,2009,2.
    张述祖、沈德立.基础心理学.上海:教育科学出版社,1986,536.
    张翠英.培养学生发散思维的能力.山西大学师范学院学报(综合版),1995,3.
    张建各.训练发散思维,培养创新精神.教育实践与研究,2007,2.
    赵欣坤.青少年发散思维和集合思维能力的培养.心理学探新,1984,1.
    赵逢波.创造思维中的发散思维与想象思维.继续教育,2000,1.
    赵亮.专业音乐院校节奏教学中学生的音乐创造性思维研究.中国音乐学院硕十论文,2008:23-27,66.
    曾文远.浅谈学生发散思维的培养.杭州教育学院学报(自然科学版),1994,4.
    中华人民共和国教育部.音乐课程标准.北京:北京师范大学出版社,2001:2-4,10.
    [美]J·M·索里、C·W·特尔福特合(著).高觉敷等(泽).教育心理学.北京:人民教育出版社,1982.
    [美]霍华德·加德纳(著).齐东海(译).艺术、心理、创造力.北京:中国人民大学出版社,2008:16-17.
    [美]霍华德·加德纳(著).任凯、吴珍、刘沛(译).改变思维.北京:中国人民大学出版社,2009:18-24.
    [美]罗伯特·J·斯滕伯格(著).施建农(译).创造力手册.北京:北京理工大学出版社,2005.
    [美]J·P·吉尔福特(著).施良方、沈建平、唐晓杰(译).创造力才能——它的性质、用途与培养.人民教育出版社,2006.
    Abraham, Michael R. (1976). Verbal interation in science inquiries by homoqenous and heteroqenous small groups. Journal of Research in Science Teaching,13(2),127-135.
    Basch, M.F. (1996). Affect and defense. In D.L.Nathanson (Ed.), Knowing Feeling,New York: Norton:257-269.
    Carlsson, I., Wendt, P. E.,& Risberg, J. (2000). On the neurobiology of creativity. Differences in frontal activity between high and low creative subjects. Neuropsychologia,38(6),873-885.
    Christine K.F.Hermann. (1995). Creative group presentations in organic chemistry. Journal of Chemical Education,72(2),157.
    Csikszentmihalyi, M., Wolfe, R. (2000). New conceptions and research approaches to creativity: Implications of a systems perspective for creativity in education. In K. A. Heller, F. J. Monks, R. J. Sternberg,& R. F. Subotnik (Eds.), International Handbook of Giftedness and Talent, Oxford:Elsevier:81-93.
    Daignault, L. (1996). A study of children's creative musical thinking within the context of a computer-supported improvisational approach to composition. Ph.D.diss., Northwestern University.
    Daignault, L. (1997). Children's creative musical thinking within the context of a computer-supported improvisational approach to composition. (Ph.D. diss., Northwestern University,1996). Dissertation Abstracts International,57,4681.
    Fink, A., Grabner, R. H., Benedek, M.,& Neubauer, A. C. (2006). Divergent thinking training is related to frontal electroencephalogram alpha synchronization. European Journal of Neuroscience,23(8),2241-2246.
    Fink, A.,& Neubauer, A. C. (2006). EEG alpha oscillations during the performance of verbal creativity tasks:Differential effects of sex and verbal intelligence. International Journal of Psychophysiology,62(1),46-53.
    Flohr, J. (1985). Young children's improvisations:Emerging creative thought. The Creative Child and Adult Quarterly,10 (2),79-85.
    Guilford, J. P. (1950). Creativity. American Psychologist,5,444-454.
    Guilford, J. P. (1957). Creative ability in the arts. Psychological Review,64 (2),110-118.
    Guilford, J. P. (1967). The Nature of Human Intelligence. New York:McGraw-Hill:132-138.
    Gorder, W. (1980). Divergent production abilities as constructs of musical creativity. Journal of Research in Music Education,28,34-42.
    Gorder, W. (1976). An investigation of divergent production abilities as constructs of musical creativity (Ph.D.diss., University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign,1976). Dissertation Abstracts International,37(Y),177.
    Hickey, M. (1996, December). Consensual assessment of children's musical compositions. Unpublished paper presented at the research poster presentation. New York State School Music Association Convention.
    Hickey, M. (1995). Qualitative and quantitative relationships between children's creative musical thinking processes and products. Ph.D.diss., Northwestern University.
    Hickey, M. (2001). An Application of Amabile's Consensual Assessment Technique for rating the Creativity of Children's Musical Compositions. Journal of Research in Music Education,49, 234-44.
    Holliger, Y. (1989). An investigative study on developing divergent thinking responses in children using a cognitive approach in music education. (Ph.D. diss., Columbia University Teachers College,1987). Dissertation Abstracts International,49 (9),2574.
    Isen, A.M.Daubman, K.A.Nowicki,G.P. (1987).Positive affect facilitates creative problem solving.Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,52,1122-1131.
    Leon L.Combs. (1993). Creative Learners in Physical Chemistry and Modern Physics. Journal of Chemical Education,70 (6),462-464.
    Lowry, J. (1980). The effect, of three creativity instructional methods on the creative thinking of gifted, elementary school children. Ph.D. diss., University of South Florida, Tampa.
    Michael J., Pavelich., Michael R.Abraham. (1979). An Inquiry Format Laboratory Program for General Chemistry.,56(2),100-103.
    Osbern, A. F. (1963). Applied Imagination. New York:Scribner's.
    Pavelich., Michael.J. (1982). Using General Chemistry to Promote the Higher Level Thinking Abilities. Journal of Chemical Education,59(9),721-724.
    Priest, T. L. (1998). Fostering creative and critical thinking in a beginning instrumental music class. (Ph.D., diss., University of Illinois,1997). Dissertation Abstracts International,58, 3870.
    Razoumnikova, O. M. (2000). Functional organization of different brain areas during convergent and divergent thinking:an EEG investigation. Brain Research Cognization Brain Research, 10(1-2),11-18.
    Simonton, D.K.(1995).Behavioral laws in histories of sychology:Psychological science, meascience, and the psychology of science. Psychological Inquiries,6,89-114.
    Torrance, E. P. (1998). Torrance tests of creative thinking:Technical-norms manual. Bensenville: Scholastic Testing Service.
    Torrance, E. P. (1984).The role of creativity in identification of the gifed and talented. Gifted Child Quarterly,1984 (4),153-156.
    Vaughan, M. (1971). Music as model and metaphor in the cultivation and measurement of creative behavior in children (Ph.D. diss., University of Georgia,1971). Dissertation Abstracts International,32 (10),5833.
    Vold, J. N. (1986). A study of musical problem solving behavior in kindergarten children and a comparison with other aspects of creative behavior. Ph.D. diss., University of Alabama.
    Wallas, G (1926). The Art of Thought. New York:Harcour Brace and World.
    Webster, P. (1977). A factor of intellect approach to creative thinking in music (Ph.D. diss., Eastman School of Music, University of Rochester, New York,1977). Dissertation Abstracts International,38 (6),3136.
    Webster, P. (1983). An assessment of musical imagination in young children. In P. Tallarico (Ed.), Contributions to Symposium:The Bowling Green State University Symposium on Music Teaching and Research. Bowling Green, OH:Bowling Green State University:100-123.
    Webster. P. (1987). Refinement of a measure of creative thinking in music. In C. Madsen & C. Pricked (Eds.), Applications of Research in Music Behavior. Tuscaloosa:University of Alabama Press:257-271.
    Webster, P., Yale, C., Haefner, M. (1988, April). Test-Retest reliability of Measures of Creative Thinking in Music for children with formal music training. Paper presented at the poster session, National Biennial In-Service Conference of Music Educators National Conference, Indianapolis.
    Webster, P. R. (1990). Creativity as creative thinking. Music Educators Journal.76,22-28.
    Webster, P. R. (1992). Research on creative thinking in music:The assessment literature. In R. Colwell (Ed.), Handbook of Research on Music Teaching and Learning. (2),266-280.
    Webster, P. R. (1994). Measure of creative thinking in music-II:Administrative guidelines. Evanston:Northwestern University.
    Webster, P. R. (1990, March). Study of internal reliability for the Measure of Creative Thinking in Music (MCTM). General Poster Session of the National Biennial In-Service Conference of Music Educators National Conference, Washington, DC.
    Younker, B. A. (1997). Students' thought processes while engaged in musical composition. Ph.D.diss., Northwestern University.

© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号

地址:北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编:100083

电话:办公室:(+86 10)66554848;文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新:66554700