摘要
本文利用ANSYS分析了双压力角非对称渐开线直齿轮的齿根弯曲应力和齿面接触应力,并应用一阶方法对齿廓曲线进行了优化,针对不同的设计参数,得到了不同的优化结果。
首先,基于渐开线齿轮的啮合原理,利用渐开线方程和过渡曲线方程,建立了双压力角非对称渐开线直齿轮的通用齿廓方程,并对主要参数进行了计算,利用ANSYS提供的APDL语言,建立了双压力角非对称渐开线齿轮的参数化模型。
其次,利用ANSYS对双压力角非对称渐开线直齿轮齿面接触应力和齿根弯曲应力进行了有限元分析,分析了两侧压力角变化对齿面接触应力和齿根弯曲应力的影响,得出了齿面接触应力和齿根弯曲应力随压力角变化的规律,并与相应的对称齿轮进行了比较,分析结果显示:在一侧压力角不变的情况下,增大另一侧压力角,齿轮的受压侧齿根弯曲应力明显减小;在非工作侧压力角不变的情况下,增大工作侧的压力角,齿轮的齿面接触强度也有一定程度的提高。
最后,根据分析计算的结果,利用ANSYS中提供的一阶优化设计方法,对双压力角非对称渐开线齿轮的各个参数进行了优化。针对不同的设计参数,得到了不同的优化结果,概括起来:设计变量,约束条件的多少直接影响了最终的优化结果,设计变量越多优化的结果越理想,约束条件越多越容易得到局部最优值,而不利于得到全局最优值。因此,在优化过程中,应增加设计变量,减少约束条件,这样才能得到全局最优结果。
双压力角非对称齿轮在做单向传动时,具有明显的优势,而这些优势是对称齿轮所不具备的。因此,进行非对称齿轮设计具有十分重要的理论意义和现实意义。
This article mainly analyzed the bending stress and contact stress of the asymmetric involute gear with two pressure angles by using ANSYS. The first-order method has been used to optimize the tooth profile curve and different design parameters obtained different optimized results.
Firstly, based on the involute gear meshing theories and the involute gear characteristics, and used involute equation and the transition curve equation, the general equation of the asymmetric involute gear with two pressure angles have been established, and the main parameters have been calculated. Using APDL language, the parameterized model of the asymmetric involute gear with two pressure angles have been established.
Secondly, the bending stress and contact stress of the asymmetric involute gear with two pressure angles have been analyzed by using ANSYS. This article studied how the pressure angles influence the bending stress and the contact stress and obtained the change rule with the pressure angles and compared the bending stress and the contact stress of asymmetric gear with symmetric gears.The results showed: one side pressure angle unchanged, the other side pressure angle increased, the gear tooth root bending stress significantly reduced, and the non-working side pressure angle unchanged, the work side pressure angle increased, the gear tooth contact intensity increased certainly.
Finally, based on analysis results, using the first-order optimization method, all parameters of the asymmetric involute gear with two pressure angles were optimized. The different design parameters have been obtained different optimization results. The number of design variables and constraint variables directly affected the optimization result. More design variables are used, more ideal results are got. More constrained variables are used, more easily accessed to the local excellent value. Therefore, in the optimization process, the design variables should be increased and the constrained variables should be reduced, in order to get globally optimal results.
Asymmetric gear with two pressure angles has distinct advantages which the symmetric gear does not have when he doing one-way drive. Therefore, asymmetric gear design has great theoretical and practical significance.
引文
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