边底水稠油油藏整体堵调技术研究
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摘要
我国稠油资源非常丰富,而边底水稠油油藏又在稠油油藏中占有很大比例。在热采开发过程中,这类油藏容易受边底水入侵和锥进的影响,进而导致区块整体含水上升迅速,区块正常生产遭受重大影响。对边底水稠油油藏整体堵调技术的研究将有效抑制边底水的入侵,对油田增产稳产继而后续转驱都有着重要的意义。
论文从调研油田堵调技术现状出发,进行了水平井堵剂研究实验,实验优选了可用于水平井堵水的冻胶堵剂并对其成胶性能和应用性能进行了评价。实验结果表明随着聚合物质量分数和交联剂质量分数的增加冻胶的成冻时间缩短、冻胶强度增大;对冻胶不同配方的封堵能力测试表明不同配方的冻胶封堵能力表现良好,对冻胶的剪切破坏实验证明冻胶可以抵抗一定程度的剪切而冻胶强度以及成冻时间所受影响不大;冻胶堵剂注入时,优先进入高渗透率填砂管岩心,渗透率级差越大,这种优先进入性能越明显,液流转向效果越好。在油藏地质参数的基础上建立了郑411区块I砂体油藏数值模拟模型,并进行了该区块的开发历史拟合以及原开发方式效果预测。通过对比确定了封堵位置,然后制定了四种封堵方案进行了优选。在得到较优方案后又对方案做了进一步的优化,最后得到的控水稳油方案为:打两口分别位于第三层和第五层的平行水平井,第一次的冻胶注入量最优为5000 m3,后续冻胶注入量可以根据油田实际生产情况适当减少。控水稳油方案的效果明显,区块整体含水下降,产油上升,可以得到明显堵调效果。
China has abundant heavy oil resources, especially these oil reservoirs usually have edge water or bottom water. During the production of steam stimulation, this kind of reservoirs are vulnerable for the influence of water invasion and coning effects, which led to the rapid increase of water cut for whole block and seriously negative impact on normal production. The technology of control water cut and stabilize oil production for heavy reservoirs with edge/bottom water will effectively restrain the water invasion, which can have a positive significant on oil production and subsequent flooding.
The technology of Profile Control and Water Shutoff in oil field is researched. Gel is selected for horizontal plugging agent, whose gelling properties and application performance is also evaluated. The results indicate that gelling time will reduce and gel strength will increase as the polymer concentration and cross-linking agent concentration increase. The plugging ability of gel is well for different gel formulations. Under the case of certain degree shearing, the gelling time and gel strength didn’t change much. Gels will prior access to the sand tube model with higher permeability. The greater of the permeability differences, the access priority and fluid diversion will be better. The simulation model of Zheng 411 block I sand is built on the base of geological parameters of reservoir. The development history of the block is fitted and the result of the original development way is predicted. Through contrast the blocking position is determined and then four different blocking plans is optimized. The further optimization is conducted after the better plans are selected. The optimized plan is as follows: drilling two parallel horizontal wells, 5000m3 gel agents injected the first time and subsequent injecting can decrease demand of the production of oilfield. The result of the optimized plan is favorable and economical, which can make the water cut of the whole block declines dramatically and oil production increases.
论文从调研油田堵调技术现状出发,进行了水平井堵剂研究实验,实验优选了可用于水平井堵水的冻胶堵剂并对其成胶性能和应用性能进行了评价。实验结果表明随着聚合物质量分数和交联剂质量分数的增加冻胶的成冻时间缩短、冻胶强度增大;对冻胶不同配方的封堵能力测试表明不同配方的冻胶封堵能力表现良好,对冻胶的剪切破坏实验证明冻胶可以抵抗一定程度的剪切而冻胶强度以及成冻时间所受影响不大;冻胶堵剂注入时,优先进入高渗透率填砂管岩心,渗透率级差越大,这种优先进入性能越明显,液流转向效果越好。在油藏地质参数的基础上建立了郑411区块I砂体油藏数值模拟模型,并进行了该区块的开发历史拟合以及原开发方式效果预测。通过对比确定了封堵位置,然后制定了四种封堵方案进行了优选。在得到较优方案后又对方案做了进一步的优化,最后得到的控水稳油方案为:打两口分别位于第三层和第五层的平行水平井,第一次的冻胶注入量最优为5000 m3,后续冻胶注入量可以根据油田实际生产情况适当减少。控水稳油方案的效果明显,区块整体含水下降,产油上升,可以得到明显堵调效果。
China has abundant heavy oil resources, especially these oil reservoirs usually have edge water or bottom water. During the production of steam stimulation, this kind of reservoirs are vulnerable for the influence of water invasion and coning effects, which led to the rapid increase of water cut for whole block and seriously negative impact on normal production. The technology of control water cut and stabilize oil production for heavy reservoirs with edge/bottom water will effectively restrain the water invasion, which can have a positive significant on oil production and subsequent flooding.
The technology of Profile Control and Water Shutoff in oil field is researched. Gel is selected for horizontal plugging agent, whose gelling properties and application performance is also evaluated. The results indicate that gelling time will reduce and gel strength will increase as the polymer concentration and cross-linking agent concentration increase. The plugging ability of gel is well for different gel formulations. Under the case of certain degree shearing, the gelling time and gel strength didn’t change much. Gels will prior access to the sand tube model with higher permeability. The greater of the permeability differences, the access priority and fluid diversion will be better. The simulation model of Zheng 411 block I sand is built on the base of geological parameters of reservoir. The development history of the block is fitted and the result of the original development way is predicted. Through contrast the blocking position is determined and then four different blocking plans is optimized. The further optimization is conducted after the better plans are selected. The optimized plan is as follows: drilling two parallel horizontal wells, 5000m3 gel agents injected the first time and subsequent injecting can decrease demand of the production of oilfield. The result of the optimized plan is favorable and economical, which can make the water cut of the whole block declines dramatically and oil production increases.
引文
[1]张朝晖.国内外稠油开发现状及稠油开发技术发展趋势[D].中国石油勘探开发研究院硕士论文,2005:5-6.
[2] Hutchinson T S, Kemp C E. An extended analysis of bottom water drives reservoir performance[C]. AIME, 1956: 256-261
[3] Charles R Knopp. Bottom water and edge water effects on low gravity oil production [C].SPE 1318- G, 1960: 45-51
[4] Fielding, Robert. In-depth drive fluid diversion using an evolution of colloidal dispersion gels and new bulk gels operational case history of north rainbow ranch unit. SPE 107045
[5]张吉昌,张鹰.辽河油田稠油油藏边底水控制研究[J].2007,4(2):73-75.
[6]张玉增.锦州油田稠油区块整体化学堵水技术[J].内蒙古石油化工,2008,14:92-93.
[7]毛卫荣,李拥安.稠油油藏边底水治理技术研究与应用[J].油气田地面工程,2002,21(1):51-52.
[8]龙华,杜学胜.大剂量整体调剖堵水配套工艺技术.钻采工艺,2007,30(4):81-83.
[9]李葵英,陈辉.边底水稠油油藏开发规律研究.西南石油大学学报(自然科学版),2008,30(4):93-96.
[10]周燕,赵红雨,李鲜民,等.改善非均质边底水稠油油藏开发效果的措施研究[J].特种油气藏,2003,10(5):44-46.
[11]梁柱,姜岭,姚军,等.巨厚块状特稠油油藏水淹特征及堵水效果评价[J].特种油气藏,2007,14(3):69-71.
[12]李晓林,周兴武,金兆勋,等.影响稠油油藏底水锥进的主要参数研究[J].特种油气藏,2003,10(5):56-58.
[13] Pedro Zegarra Sanchez, Marco Augusto Delgado. Water control in heavy-oil mature field,Block 1AB. SPE 108039.
[14] Shen Chen. Profile control technology of thermal recovery in Shengli Oilfield. SPE 50120.
[15] Y. Wang, J. Zhou, X Liu. An insight into the development of bottom water reservoirs. SPE 112355.
[16] B. Ju, S.Dai, T fan. An effective method to improve recovery of heavy oil reservoir with bottom water drive. IPTC 10521.
[17] Smith, C. R, et al. Water coning control in oil wells by fluid injection, SPE 15459
[18] Chierici, G.L, et al. A systematic study of gas and water coning by potentiometer models, SPE 61328.
[19] Ghazali. Critical rate for water coning:correlation and analytical solution, SPERE (Nov. 1989):495- 499.
[20]白宝君,李宇乡,刘翔鹗,等.国内外化学堵水调剖技术综述[J].石油天然气总公司石油勘探开发科学研究院,1998,5(1):1-4.
[21]张建,李国君.化学调剖堵水技术研究现状[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2006,25(3):85-86.
[22]李宇乡.我国油田化学调剖堵水剂的开发和应用现状[J].油田化学,1995,12(1):45-49.
[23]赵福麟.采油用剂[M].东营:石油大学出版社,1997:58-59.
[24] White J L, Godddard J E. Use of polymers to control water production in oil wells.JPT, 1973: 25(2):143-150.
[25] Zaitoun A, Kohler N. Improved polyacrylamide treatments for water control in production well. JPT, 1991, 43(7):862-867.
[26]赵福麟.调剖剂与驱油剂[J].油气采收率技术,1994,l(1):38-41.
[27] Boles.J.L, Mancilla.S.G. The solution and methods of water control and well treating. SPE 62568.
[28]李宾飞.氮气泡沫调驱技术及其适应性研究[D].中国石油大学(华东).山东东营:2007:28-33.
[29]杨建华,王斌师,清磊.油井水泥浆堵水工艺技术[J].钻采工艺:2000,23(3):85-87.
[30]张文玉.改性脲醛树脂堵水技术研究与应用[J].石油天然气学报:2006,28(6):133-135.
[31]王业飞,杨普华.胶态分散凝胶驱油技术的研究及进展[J].油田化学,1996,13(3) 50-53.
[32]赵福麟,程才.胶态分散凝胶驱油技术的研究及进展[J].油田化学,1996,13(3):51-52.
[33]李宇乡,唐孝芬,刘双成.我国油田化学堵水调剖剂开发和应用现状[J].油田化学,1995,12(1):88-94.
[34]李宜坤,胡频,冯积累,等.水平井堵水的背景、现状及发展趋势[J].石油天然气学报:2005,27(5):757-758.
[35]王嘉淮,刘延强,杨振杰.水平井出水机理研究进展[J].特种油气藏,2010,17(2):4-8.
[36]陈雅溪.国外水平钻井应用及技术现状[J].钻采工艺,2009,24(5):2-5.
[37]吴乐忠.水平井堵剂及堵水技术研究[D].中国石油大学(华东).山东东营,2009:6-25.
[38]李宜坤,胡频,冯积累,等.水平井堵水的背景、现状及发展趋势[J].石油天然气学报:2005,27(5):758-760.
[39]葛红江,苟景峰,雷齐玲,等.水平井化学堵水配套药剂研究[J].油田化学,2009,26(4):58-60.
[40]孙玉龙,岳湘安,赵仁保,等.水平井化学堵水剂性能评价.重庆科技学院学报(自然科学报)[J].2009,(11)3:75-79.
[41]安先荣,刘锐.有机铬冻胶调剖剂的性能研究与对朝阳沟油田的适应性[M].北京:北京大学出版社,2001:100-134.
[42]唐孝芬,李红艳,刘玉章,等.交联聚合物冻胶调堵剂性能评价指标及方法[J].石油钻采工艺,2004,26(3):50-53.
[43]赵福麟.采油化学[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1989,1-5.
[44]胥小伟.氮气泡沫调驱技术及其适应性研究[D].中国石油大学(华东).山东东营:2009:20-23.
[45]贾艳平.南海西部油田水平井堵水技术研究[D].中国石油大学(华东).山东东营:2008:18-19.
[46]戴彩丽,周洪涛,赵福麟.影响酸性铬冻胶成冻因素的研究[J].油田化学,2002,19(1):29-31.
[47] Yuan Shiyi etc, Numerical simulator for the combination process of profile control and polymer flooding, SPE 64792.
[2] Hutchinson T S, Kemp C E. An extended analysis of bottom water drives reservoir performance[C]. AIME, 1956: 256-261
[3] Charles R Knopp. Bottom water and edge water effects on low gravity oil production [C].SPE 1318- G, 1960: 45-51
[4] Fielding, Robert. In-depth drive fluid diversion using an evolution of colloidal dispersion gels and new bulk gels operational case history of north rainbow ranch unit. SPE 107045
[5]张吉昌,张鹰.辽河油田稠油油藏边底水控制研究[J].2007,4(2):73-75.
[6]张玉增.锦州油田稠油区块整体化学堵水技术[J].内蒙古石油化工,2008,14:92-93.
[7]毛卫荣,李拥安.稠油油藏边底水治理技术研究与应用[J].油气田地面工程,2002,21(1):51-52.
[8]龙华,杜学胜.大剂量整体调剖堵水配套工艺技术.钻采工艺,2007,30(4):81-83.
[9]李葵英,陈辉.边底水稠油油藏开发规律研究.西南石油大学学报(自然科学版),2008,30(4):93-96.
[10]周燕,赵红雨,李鲜民,等.改善非均质边底水稠油油藏开发效果的措施研究[J].特种油气藏,2003,10(5):44-46.
[11]梁柱,姜岭,姚军,等.巨厚块状特稠油油藏水淹特征及堵水效果评价[J].特种油气藏,2007,14(3):69-71.
[12]李晓林,周兴武,金兆勋,等.影响稠油油藏底水锥进的主要参数研究[J].特种油气藏,2003,10(5):56-58.
[13] Pedro Zegarra Sanchez, Marco Augusto Delgado. Water control in heavy-oil mature field,Block 1AB. SPE 108039.
[14] Shen Chen. Profile control technology of thermal recovery in Shengli Oilfield. SPE 50120.
[15] Y. Wang, J. Zhou, X Liu. An insight into the development of bottom water reservoirs. SPE 112355.
[16] B. Ju, S.Dai, T fan. An effective method to improve recovery of heavy oil reservoir with bottom water drive. IPTC 10521.
[17] Smith, C. R, et al. Water coning control in oil wells by fluid injection, SPE 15459
[18] Chierici, G.L, et al. A systematic study of gas and water coning by potentiometer models, SPE 61328.
[19] Ghazali. Critical rate for water coning:correlation and analytical solution, SPERE (Nov. 1989):495- 499.
[20]白宝君,李宇乡,刘翔鹗,等.国内外化学堵水调剖技术综述[J].石油天然气总公司石油勘探开发科学研究院,1998,5(1):1-4.
[21]张建,李国君.化学调剖堵水技术研究现状[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2006,25(3):85-86.
[22]李宇乡.我国油田化学调剖堵水剂的开发和应用现状[J].油田化学,1995,12(1):45-49.
[23]赵福麟.采油用剂[M].东营:石油大学出版社,1997:58-59.
[24] White J L, Godddard J E. Use of polymers to control water production in oil wells.JPT, 1973: 25(2):143-150.
[25] Zaitoun A, Kohler N. Improved polyacrylamide treatments for water control in production well. JPT, 1991, 43(7):862-867.
[26]赵福麟.调剖剂与驱油剂[J].油气采收率技术,1994,l(1):38-41.
[27] Boles.J.L, Mancilla.S.G. The solution and methods of water control and well treating. SPE 62568.
[28]李宾飞.氮气泡沫调驱技术及其适应性研究[D].中国石油大学(华东).山东东营:2007:28-33.
[29]杨建华,王斌师,清磊.油井水泥浆堵水工艺技术[J].钻采工艺:2000,23(3):85-87.
[30]张文玉.改性脲醛树脂堵水技术研究与应用[J].石油天然气学报:2006,28(6):133-135.
[31]王业飞,杨普华.胶态分散凝胶驱油技术的研究及进展[J].油田化学,1996,13(3) 50-53.
[32]赵福麟,程才.胶态分散凝胶驱油技术的研究及进展[J].油田化学,1996,13(3):51-52.
[33]李宇乡,唐孝芬,刘双成.我国油田化学堵水调剖剂开发和应用现状[J].油田化学,1995,12(1):88-94.
[34]李宜坤,胡频,冯积累,等.水平井堵水的背景、现状及发展趋势[J].石油天然气学报:2005,27(5):757-758.
[35]王嘉淮,刘延强,杨振杰.水平井出水机理研究进展[J].特种油气藏,2010,17(2):4-8.
[36]陈雅溪.国外水平钻井应用及技术现状[J].钻采工艺,2009,24(5):2-5.
[37]吴乐忠.水平井堵剂及堵水技术研究[D].中国石油大学(华东).山东东营,2009:6-25.
[38]李宜坤,胡频,冯积累,等.水平井堵水的背景、现状及发展趋势[J].石油天然气学报:2005,27(5):758-760.
[39]葛红江,苟景峰,雷齐玲,等.水平井化学堵水配套药剂研究[J].油田化学,2009,26(4):58-60.
[40]孙玉龙,岳湘安,赵仁保,等.水平井化学堵水剂性能评价.重庆科技学院学报(自然科学报)[J].2009,(11)3:75-79.
[41]安先荣,刘锐.有机铬冻胶调剖剂的性能研究与对朝阳沟油田的适应性[M].北京:北京大学出版社,2001:100-134.
[42]唐孝芬,李红艳,刘玉章,等.交联聚合物冻胶调堵剂性能评价指标及方法[J].石油钻采工艺,2004,26(3):50-53.
[43]赵福麟.采油化学[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1989,1-5.
[44]胥小伟.氮气泡沫调驱技术及其适应性研究[D].中国石油大学(华东).山东东营:2009:20-23.
[45]贾艳平.南海西部油田水平井堵水技术研究[D].中国石油大学(华东).山东东营:2008:18-19.
[46]戴彩丽,周洪涛,赵福麟.影响酸性铬冻胶成冻因素的研究[J].油田化学,2002,19(1):29-31.
[47] Yuan Shiyi etc, Numerical simulator for the combination process of profile control and polymer flooding, SPE 64792.