SaaS应用中的服务集成方法研究
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摘要
随着信息化水平的提高和网络技术的快速发展,SaaS(Software as a Service,软件作为服务)已经成为被广泛应用的软件服务提供方式,SaaS应用服务被越来越多的用户所采用。同时,随着企业的不断发展,业务水平的提高和业务范围的扩展,对SaaS应用服务的要求也越来越高,原有的独立SaaS应用功能显得愈加单一,不能满足用户需求,并形成了广域网内的信息孤岛。
本文提出通过SaaS服务集成解决上述问题的方法。基于文中提出的集成架构,方便地集成并重用原有SaaS应用服务,根据现有业务流程需求,动态组建新的业务流程,满足不断变化和扩展的用户需求。
文章基于通用案例,以SBM(Supply Business Management-供应商业务管理)和AFO(Advanced Plan ootimization-先进计划优化)两个SaaS应用服务为例,分析了服务集成的业务流程和可用的IT资源,提出了SaaS应用服务集成框架,解决了SaaS应用服务在表示层、功能层和数据层的集成:研究了新的界面交互模型并进行扩展,以解决服务表示层的集成;研究了服务组件架构(ServiceCOMPONENT Architecture)并进行了扩展,应用到集成框架中以解决服务连接性问题和服务流程组合问题;研究了Apache Kandula Project项目在WEB服务协调和事务管理方面的机制,并在此基础上实现了基于消息通知机制的服务协调技术。安全问题是良好的系统设计需考虑的最重要因素之一,为解决不同SaaS应用服务之间的认证和授权问题,提出了基于WS-Security的服务授权访问技术。将WEB2.0技术应用到集成中,增加用户友好性,提高访问效率,提高集成的松耦合性。同时,对集成之后的SaaS应用部署环境和发布方式进行了详细的阐述。
我们对文中提出的集成架构和方法进行了实现,并成功应用到国内著名的汽车制造厂,显著的提高了公司的管理效益和经济效益。在文章的最后,对研究工作进行了总结并做出展望。
With the development of the Internet and WEB2.0 technology, SaaS (Software as a Service) has generally been accepted as main way of the software service delivery. With the development of enterprise business level as well as the expanding of business scope, the demands of SaaS offerings have been rapidly raised. However, the SaaS applications are isolated, which could not follow the rapid change of the business logic.
In this paper, we propose an approach to solve this problem by integrating SaaS service together. Based on the architecture for integration we proposed, developers can easily combine the SaaS offerings together based on the dynamic business process in order to meet the user's requirements.
To carry out the SaaS service integration, we first analyze the business flow and IT resource available based on two general cases, SBM and APO. Then we give the SaaS service integration architecture and solve several critical problems in the presentation layers, function layer and data layer. First, a new mash-up model is proposed to carry out integration in the presentation layer. Second, we extend the SCA (Service COMPONENT Architecture) to deal with the problems in the service connection and service flow composition. Third, based on the analysis of the service coordination and transaction management mechanism in the Apache Kandula Project, we propose a service coordination model in this paper based on message notification mechanism. Fourth, in order a technology about service authentication and authorization was put forward to tackle the authentication and authorization issues. Last, we adopt the WEB 2.0 techniques, which improve the system efficiency and make the integration loose coupled. We also give a detailed introduction to the integrated SaaS service deployment environment and publication method.
Based on our method, we implemented the supporting system and put it into real practice in a large-scale car manufacturing factory in china. The factory demonstrated improvement in both social benefit and economic benefit after the application of our system.
本文提出通过SaaS服务集成解决上述问题的方法。基于文中提出的集成架构,方便地集成并重用原有SaaS应用服务,根据现有业务流程需求,动态组建新的业务流程,满足不断变化和扩展的用户需求。
文章基于通用案例,以SBM(Supply Business Management-供应商业务管理)和AFO(Advanced Plan ootimization-先进计划优化)两个SaaS应用服务为例,分析了服务集成的业务流程和可用的IT资源,提出了SaaS应用服务集成框架,解决了SaaS应用服务在表示层、功能层和数据层的集成:研究了新的界面交互模型并进行扩展,以解决服务表示层的集成;研究了服务组件架构(ServiceCOMPONENT Architecture)并进行了扩展,应用到集成框架中以解决服务连接性问题和服务流程组合问题;研究了Apache Kandula Project项目在WEB服务协调和事务管理方面的机制,并在此基础上实现了基于消息通知机制的服务协调技术。安全问题是良好的系统设计需考虑的最重要因素之一,为解决不同SaaS应用服务之间的认证和授权问题,提出了基于WS-Security的服务授权访问技术。将WEB2.0技术应用到集成中,增加用户友好性,提高访问效率,提高集成的松耦合性。同时,对集成之后的SaaS应用部署环境和发布方式进行了详细的阐述。
我们对文中提出的集成架构和方法进行了实现,并成功应用到国内著名的汽车制造厂,显著的提高了公司的管理效益和经济效益。在文章的最后,对研究工作进行了总结并做出展望。
With the development of the Internet and WEB2.0 technology, SaaS (Software as a Service) has generally been accepted as main way of the software service delivery. With the development of enterprise business level as well as the expanding of business scope, the demands of SaaS offerings have been rapidly raised. However, the SaaS applications are isolated, which could not follow the rapid change of the business logic.
In this paper, we propose an approach to solve this problem by integrating SaaS service together. Based on the architecture for integration we proposed, developers can easily combine the SaaS offerings together based on the dynamic business process in order to meet the user's requirements.
To carry out the SaaS service integration, we first analyze the business flow and IT resource available based on two general cases, SBM and APO. Then we give the SaaS service integration architecture and solve several critical problems in the presentation layers, function layer and data layer. First, a new mash-up model is proposed to carry out integration in the presentation layer. Second, we extend the SCA (Service COMPONENT Architecture) to deal with the problems in the service connection and service flow composition. Third, based on the analysis of the service coordination and transaction management mechanism in the Apache Kandula Project, we propose a service coordination model in this paper based on message notification mechanism. Fourth, in order a technology about service authentication and authorization was put forward to tackle the authentication and authorization issues. Last, we adopt the WEB 2.0 techniques, which improve the system efficiency and make the integration loose coupled. We also give a detailed introduction to the integrated SaaS service deployment environment and publication method.
Based on our method, we implemented the supporting system and put it into real practice in a large-scale car manufacturing factory in china. The factory demonstrated improvement in both social benefit and economic benefit after the application of our system.
引文
[1]Abhijit Dubey and Dilip Wagle,"Delivering software as a service",The McKinsey Quarterly,Web exclusive,May 2007
[2]Stephen B Morris “使用 Web 2.0 体 系 结 构 实 现 更 灵 活 的 企 业”http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/cn/architecture/ar-web20/
[3]Martin C Brown “ 基 于 SOA 构 建 网 格 应 用 程 序 ”http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/cn/grid/gr-soa/
[4]Rodney Gleghorn,"Enterprise application integration:a manager's perspective",IT Professional,Volume 7,Issue 6,Nov.-Dec.2005 Page(s):17 - 23.
[5]Piyush Maheshwari,"Enterprise Application Integration using a COMPONENT-based architecture",Computer Software and Applications Conference,2003.COMPSAC 2003.Proceedings.27th Annual International,3-6 Nov.2003 Page(s):557 - 562
[6]Anurag Goel,"Enterprise Integration EAI vs.SOA vs.ESB",http://eai.ittoolbox.com/documents/peerpublishing/soa-vs-eai-vs-esb-4058.
[7]Anurag Goel,"Enterprise Integration EAI vs.SOA vs.ESB",http://eai.ittoolbox.com/documents/peerpublishing/soa-vs-eai-vs-esb-4058.
[8]Min Luo,ldshlager,B.,ang-Jie Zhang,igning and implementing Enterprise Service Bus (ESB)and SOA solutions,Services Computing,2005 IEEE International Conference on Volume 2,11-15 July 2005 Page(s):xiv vol.2 Digital Object Identifier 10.1109/SCC.2005.43
[9]V.de Castro,E.Marcos,and M.L.Sanz,"Service Composition Modeling:A Case Study",The Seventh Mexican International Conference on Computer Science,San Luis Potosi,Mexico,PP.101-108,Sept.2006.
[10]Tim O′Reilly,"What Is Web 2.0 - Design Patterns and Business Models for the Next Generation of Software",http://www.oreillynet.com/pub/a/oreilly/tim/news/2005/09/30/what-is-web-20.html Sept.2005
[11]http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/cn/web20/newto/?S_TACT=105AGX52&S_CMP=co ntent
[12]"What Is WOA? It's The Future of Service-Oriented Architecture(SOA)"http://hinchcliffe.org/archive/2008/02/27/16617.aspx
[13]http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/cn/web/wa-web20soa1/index.html
[14]郑小林,陈德人,张丽霞,“ASP-based implementing mode for networked manufacturing system” 《清华大学学报(自然科学版)》2006年第Z1期
[15]Gary PalmatierASP(Application Service Provider)Configuration Handbook[M].USA:Syngress Publishing Inc,2001.
[16]Nelson Mendonca Mattos,IBM Silicon Valley Laboratory,San Jose - California,"Integrating information for on demand computing" Proceedings of the 29th international conference on Very large data bases - Volume 29 table of contents Berlin,Germany Pages:8-14
[17]Jie Hou,Shijun Liu,Xiangxu Meng."Research on the UI Integration Architecture of Service System",Internalional Conference on Communications,May 19-23rd,2008
[18]http://cn.widget.yahoo.com/
[19]http://dojotoolkit.org/
[20]http://www.dojochina.com/?q=node/64
[21]"SCA Service Component Architecture - Assembly Model Specification"http://www.osoa.org/display/Main/Service+Component+Architecture+Home
[22]Deepal Jayasinghe “使用 Axis2 进行 SOA 开发,第1部分:了解 Axis2 基础”http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/cn/webservices/ws-soa-axis2-1/
[23]http://incubator.apache.org/tuscany/
[24]http://ws.apache.org/kandula/2/index.html
[25]R.L.Laforge,C.W.Craighead,Computer-based scheduling in manufacturing finns:some indicators of successful practice,Production and Inventory Management Journal 41(1)(2000)3-24.
[26]V.C.S.Wiers,Human-computer interaction in production scheduling:analysis and design of decision support systems for production scheduling tasks,PhD Thesis,Eindhoven University of Technology,1997
[27]K.N.McKay,V.C.S.Wiers,Practical Production Control:A Survival Guide For Planners and Schedulers,J.Ross Publishers,2004.
[28]胡海涛,李 刚,韩燕波,一种面向业务用户的大粒度服务组合方法,计算机学报,第28卷第4期2005年4月
[29]Harikumar A.K.,Lee,R.,Hae Sool Yang,Haeng-Kon Kim,Byeongdo Kang,A model for application integration using Web services,Computer and Information Science,2005.Fourth Annual ACIS International Conference on 2005 Page(s):468 - 475 Digital Object Identifier 10.1109/ICIS.2005.12
[30]Atul Apte,iConexio Technologies Canada Inc.,"Adapters and EAI - Technology,Tools and Trends",www.eecg.toronto.edu/-jacobsen/mie456/slides/AdapterLecture_UofT.ppt
[31]" Principles of SOA Design",Cape Clear Software Inc.,http://www.capeclear.com/products/whitepapers/Principles%20of%20SOA%20Design%2002-04.pdf,2004.
[32]"EAI and Web Services Lowering the Total Cost of Integration",Cape Clear Software Inc.,http://www.capeclear.com/products/whitepapers/eai ws whitepaper.pdf,2002.
[33]V.de Castro,E.Marcos,and M.L.Sanz,"Service Composition Modeling:A Case Study",The Seventh Mexican International Conference on Computer Science,San Luis Potosi,Mexico,PP.101-108,Sept.2006.
[34]Kulkami Vinay.and Reddy Sreedhar,"Introducing MDA in a large IT consultancy organization",In Proceedings of the IEEE 13th Asia Pacific Software Engineering Conference(APSEC'06),Bangalore,India,PP.419-426,Dec.2006.
[35]Zakaria Maamar,Soraya Kouadri Mostefaoui,and Hamdi Yahyaoui,"Toward an agent-based and context-oriented approach for Web services composition",IEEE Trans on Knowledge and Data Engineering,Vol 17,No.5,PP.686-697,2005.
[36]Kumar Harikumar,A.,Lee,R.,Chia-Chu Chiang,Hae-Sool Yang,An event driven architecture for application integration using Web servicesInfonnation Reuse and Integration,Conf,2005.IRI -2005 IEEE International Conference on.15-17 Aug.2005Page(s):542 - 547
[37]Fujun Zhu,Turner,M.,Kotsiopoulos,I.,Bennett,K.,Russell,M.,Budgena,D.,Breretona,P.,Keane,J.,Layzell,P.,Rigby,M,Jie Xu,Dynamic data integration using Web services,Web Services,2004.Proceedings.IEEE International Conference on 6-9 July 2004Page(s):262 - 269
[38]M.Turner,D.Budgen and O.P.Brereton,"Turning Software into a Service",IEEE Computer,36(10)October 2003
[39]J.J.Longstaff,MA.Lockyer,and J.Nicholas,"The Tees Confidentiality Model:an authorisation model for identities and roles",ACM SACMAT 2003,Como,Italy.
[40]Hanwei Chen,Jianwei Yin,Lu Jin,Ying Li,Jinxiang Dong,JTang Synergy:A Service Oriented Architecture for Enterprise Application Integration,Computer Supported Cooperative Work in Design.2007.CSCWD 2007.11th International Conference on 26-28April 2007 Page(s):502 - 507
[41]Bagheri,O.R.,Nasiri,R.,Peyravi,M H.,Dehkordi,P.Khosraviyan,Toward an elastic service based framework for Enterprise Application Integration,Software Engineering Research,Management & Applications,2007.SERA 2007.5th ACIS International Conference on 20-22 Aug.2007 Page(s):711 - 719
[42]Chowdhury,M.W.,Iqbal,M Z.,Integration of Legacy Systems in Software Architecture,Proceeding of Specification and Verification of Component-Based Systems Workshop (SAVCBS'04),ACM SIGSOFT 2004/FSE-12,2004.
[43]Madhusudan,T.Uttamsingh,N.A declarative approach to composing web services in dynamic environments,Decision Support Systems Journal Vol.41,2006,p.325-357
[2]Stephen B Morris “使用 Web 2.0 体 系 结 构 实 现 更 灵 活 的 企 业”http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/cn/architecture/ar-web20/
[3]Martin C Brown “ 基 于 SOA 构 建 网 格 应 用 程 序 ”http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/cn/grid/gr-soa/
[4]Rodney Gleghorn,"Enterprise application integration:a manager's perspective",IT Professional,Volume 7,Issue 6,Nov.-Dec.2005 Page(s):17 - 23.
[5]Piyush Maheshwari,"Enterprise Application Integration using a COMPONENT-based architecture",Computer Software and Applications Conference,2003.COMPSAC 2003.Proceedings.27th Annual International,3-6 Nov.2003 Page(s):557 - 562
[6]Anurag Goel,"Enterprise Integration EAI vs.SOA vs.ESB",http://eai.ittoolbox.com/documents/peerpublishing/soa-vs-eai-vs-esb-4058.
[7]Anurag Goel,"Enterprise Integration EAI vs.SOA vs.ESB",http://eai.ittoolbox.com/documents/peerpublishing/soa-vs-eai-vs-esb-4058.
[8]Min Luo,ldshlager,B.,ang-Jie Zhang,igning and implementing Enterprise Service Bus (ESB)and SOA solutions,Services Computing,2005 IEEE International Conference on Volume 2,11-15 July 2005 Page(s):xiv vol.2 Digital Object Identifier 10.1109/SCC.2005.43
[9]V.de Castro,E.Marcos,and M.L.Sanz,"Service Composition Modeling:A Case Study",The Seventh Mexican International Conference on Computer Science,San Luis Potosi,Mexico,PP.101-108,Sept.2006.
[10]Tim O′Reilly,"What Is Web 2.0 - Design Patterns and Business Models for the Next Generation of Software",http://www.oreillynet.com/pub/a/oreilly/tim/news/2005/09/30/what-is-web-20.html Sept.2005
[11]http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/cn/web20/newto/?S_TACT=105AGX52&S_CMP=co ntent
[12]"What Is WOA? It's The Future of Service-Oriented Architecture(SOA)"http://hinchcliffe.org/archive/2008/02/27/16617.aspx
[13]http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/cn/web/wa-web20soa1/index.html
[14]郑小林,陈德人,张丽霞,“ASP-based implementing mode for networked manufacturing system” 《清华大学学报(自然科学版)》2006年第Z1期
[15]Gary PalmatierASP(Application Service Provider)Configuration Handbook[M].USA:Syngress Publishing Inc,2001.
[16]Nelson Mendonca Mattos,IBM Silicon Valley Laboratory,San Jose - California,"Integrating information for on demand computing" Proceedings of the 29th international conference on Very large data bases - Volume 29 table of contents Berlin,Germany Pages:8-14
[17]Jie Hou,Shijun Liu,Xiangxu Meng."Research on the UI Integration Architecture of Service System",Internalional Conference on Communications,May 19-23rd,2008
[18]http://cn.widget.yahoo.com/
[19]http://dojotoolkit.org/
[20]http://www.dojochina.com/?q=node/64
[21]"SCA Service Component Architecture - Assembly Model Specification"http://www.osoa.org/display/Main/Service+Component+Architecture+Home
[22]Deepal Jayasinghe “使用 Axis2 进行 SOA 开发,第1部分:了解 Axis2 基础”http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/cn/webservices/ws-soa-axis2-1/
[23]http://incubator.apache.org/tuscany/
[24]http://ws.apache.org/kandula/2/index.html
[25]R.L.Laforge,C.W.Craighead,Computer-based scheduling in manufacturing finns:some indicators of successful practice,Production and Inventory Management Journal 41(1)(2000)3-24.
[26]V.C.S.Wiers,Human-computer interaction in production scheduling:analysis and design of decision support systems for production scheduling tasks,PhD Thesis,Eindhoven University of Technology,1997
[27]K.N.McKay,V.C.S.Wiers,Practical Production Control:A Survival Guide For Planners and Schedulers,J.Ross Publishers,2004.
[28]胡海涛,李 刚,韩燕波,一种面向业务用户的大粒度服务组合方法,计算机学报,第28卷第4期2005年4月
[29]Harikumar A.K.,Lee,R.,Hae Sool Yang,Haeng-Kon Kim,Byeongdo Kang,A model for application integration using Web services,Computer and Information Science,2005.Fourth Annual ACIS International Conference on 2005 Page(s):468 - 475 Digital Object Identifier 10.1109/ICIS.2005.12
[30]Atul Apte,iConexio Technologies Canada Inc.,"Adapters and EAI - Technology,Tools and Trends",www.eecg.toronto.edu/-jacobsen/mie456/slides/AdapterLecture_UofT.ppt
[31]" Principles of SOA Design",Cape Clear Software Inc.,http://www.capeclear.com/products/whitepapers/Principles%20of%20SOA%20Design%2002-04.pdf,2004.
[32]"EAI and Web Services Lowering the Total Cost of Integration",Cape Clear Software Inc.,http://www.capeclear.com/products/whitepapers/eai ws whitepaper.pdf,2002.
[33]V.de Castro,E.Marcos,and M.L.Sanz,"Service Composition Modeling:A Case Study",The Seventh Mexican International Conference on Computer Science,San Luis Potosi,Mexico,PP.101-108,Sept.2006.
[34]Kulkami Vinay.and Reddy Sreedhar,"Introducing MDA in a large IT consultancy organization",In Proceedings of the IEEE 13th Asia Pacific Software Engineering Conference(APSEC'06),Bangalore,India,PP.419-426,Dec.2006.
[35]Zakaria Maamar,Soraya Kouadri Mostefaoui,and Hamdi Yahyaoui,"Toward an agent-based and context-oriented approach for Web services composition",IEEE Trans on Knowledge and Data Engineering,Vol 17,No.5,PP.686-697,2005.
[36]Kumar Harikumar,A.,Lee,R.,Chia-Chu Chiang,Hae-Sool Yang,An event driven architecture for application integration using Web servicesInfonnation Reuse and Integration,Conf,2005.IRI -2005 IEEE International Conference on.15-17 Aug.2005Page(s):542 - 547
[37]Fujun Zhu,Turner,M.,Kotsiopoulos,I.,Bennett,K.,Russell,M.,Budgena,D.,Breretona,P.,Keane,J.,Layzell,P.,Rigby,M,Jie Xu,Dynamic data integration using Web services,Web Services,2004.Proceedings.IEEE International Conference on 6-9 July 2004Page(s):262 - 269
[38]M.Turner,D.Budgen and O.P.Brereton,"Turning Software into a Service",IEEE Computer,36(10)October 2003
[39]J.J.Longstaff,MA.Lockyer,and J.Nicholas,"The Tees Confidentiality Model:an authorisation model for identities and roles",ACM SACMAT 2003,Como,Italy.
[40]Hanwei Chen,Jianwei Yin,Lu Jin,Ying Li,Jinxiang Dong,JTang Synergy:A Service Oriented Architecture for Enterprise Application Integration,Computer Supported Cooperative Work in Design.2007.CSCWD 2007.11th International Conference on 26-28April 2007 Page(s):502 - 507
[41]Bagheri,O.R.,Nasiri,R.,Peyravi,M H.,Dehkordi,P.Khosraviyan,Toward an elastic service based framework for Enterprise Application Integration,Software Engineering Research,Management & Applications,2007.SERA 2007.5th ACIS International Conference on 20-22 Aug.2007 Page(s):711 - 719
[42]Chowdhury,M.W.,Iqbal,M Z.,Integration of Legacy Systems in Software Architecture,Proceeding of Specification and Verification of Component-Based Systems Workshop (SAVCBS'04),ACM SIGSOFT 2004/FSE-12,2004.
[43]Madhusudan,T.Uttamsingh,N.A declarative approach to composing web services in dynamic environments,Decision Support Systems Journal Vol.41,2006,p.325-357