基于μC/OS-Ⅱ的无线测控系统研究
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摘要
随着计算机技术和通信技术的发展,计算机测控系统变得越来越复杂,工业现场的微
处理器往往同时运行包括数据采集、数据传输、设备控制在内的多个任务,这种情况下,
在微处理器中移植一个嵌入式操作系统就显得非常必要。
本课题选用μC/OS-Ⅱ作为植入的操作系统,对系统内核进行了合理地剪裁,使其体
积减小到几K,并将裁剪后的内核移植到SPCE061A微控制器中。研究过程中查阅大量资
料,未发现在该单片机上移植μC/OS-Ⅱ的实例,因此,课题编写了移植程序,用来完成
μC/OS-Ⅱ在SPCE061A中的移植。通过测试,移植后的操作系统实现了任务调度、任务
间通信及时间管理,证明移植成功,课题还在μC/OS-Ⅱ平台下,编写了应用程序,建立
接收任务和发送任务,实现异步串行通信。通过移植μC/OS-Ⅱ,系统更加灵活地分配系
统资源(中央处理器、存储器等),简化了复杂的应用软件设计,为嵌入式系统在工控领域
的应用做了必要准备。
以植入μC/OS-Ⅱ操作系统的SPCE061A微控制器为基础,课题构建了一个无线测控
系统。其中,以SPCE061A为从机,管理现场的数据采集并接收控制中心发送的控制信
号。以研华6179型工控机为主机,控制整个系统的运行。主机程序采用Visual C++编写,
利用MSComm控件实现对主机串口的控制。以ADAM4550模块作为无线通信设备,实
现二者之间的无线通信。在此基础上,文章从理论上分析了实时性的提高及代码优化问题,
提出了系统改进建议。
With the development of computer and communication technology, computer meaturement and control system is becoming more and more complicated. Microprocessors in industrial scenes often operate sevral tasks including data acquisition, data transmission, equipment control at the same time. In this case, it is very necessary to transplant an embedded operating system at microprocessors.This paper selects uC/OS-II to transplant. On the basis of understanding, paper cuts the core volume to serval hundred bits, and transplants it at SPCE061A single-chip computer. There is no example on transplantion at SPCE061A, so the paper writes procedures to implement the transplantion. Test proves that it is successful to transplant. The paper creats two tasks to implement asynchronous serial communication. Transplanting μC/OS-Ⅱ at microprocessors in the industrial scene improves the real-time character and dependability. Embedded real-time operating system is beneficial to more complicated problem too.This paper studies a wireless meatruement and control system based on SPCE061A. The system is composed of 6179 industrial computer, SPCE061A one-chip computer and radio modem modules. Among them, One-chip computers gather data and receive the commands from host-computer. Industrial computer works as control centre. The paper selects Visual C++ to programme procedure and uses MSComm to realize serial communication. Radio modem modules connect the two parts. The achievements of this paper have important practical and realistic significance.
处理器往往同时运行包括数据采集、数据传输、设备控制在内的多个任务,这种情况下,
在微处理器中移植一个嵌入式操作系统就显得非常必要。
本课题选用μC/OS-Ⅱ作为植入的操作系统,对系统内核进行了合理地剪裁,使其体
积减小到几K,并将裁剪后的内核移植到SPCE061A微控制器中。研究过程中查阅大量资
料,未发现在该单片机上移植μC/OS-Ⅱ的实例,因此,课题编写了移植程序,用来完成
μC/OS-Ⅱ在SPCE061A中的移植。通过测试,移植后的操作系统实现了任务调度、任务
间通信及时间管理,证明移植成功,课题还在μC/OS-Ⅱ平台下,编写了应用程序,建立
接收任务和发送任务,实现异步串行通信。通过移植μC/OS-Ⅱ,系统更加灵活地分配系
统资源(中央处理器、存储器等),简化了复杂的应用软件设计,为嵌入式系统在工控领域
的应用做了必要准备。
以植入μC/OS-Ⅱ操作系统的SPCE061A微控制器为基础,课题构建了一个无线测控
系统。其中,以SPCE061A为从机,管理现场的数据采集并接收控制中心发送的控制信
号。以研华6179型工控机为主机,控制整个系统的运行。主机程序采用Visual C++编写,
利用MSComm控件实现对主机串口的控制。以ADAM4550模块作为无线通信设备,实
现二者之间的无线通信。在此基础上,文章从理论上分析了实时性的提高及代码优化问题,
提出了系统改进建议。
With the development of computer and communication technology, computer meaturement and control system is becoming more and more complicated. Microprocessors in industrial scenes often operate sevral tasks including data acquisition, data transmission, equipment control at the same time. In this case, it is very necessary to transplant an embedded operating system at microprocessors.This paper selects uC/OS-II to transplant. On the basis of understanding, paper cuts the core volume to serval hundred bits, and transplants it at SPCE061A single-chip computer. There is no example on transplantion at SPCE061A, so the paper writes procedures to implement the transplantion. Test proves that it is successful to transplant. The paper creats two tasks to implement asynchronous serial communication. Transplanting μC/OS-Ⅱ at microprocessors in the industrial scene improves the real-time character and dependability. Embedded real-time operating system is beneficial to more complicated problem too.This paper studies a wireless meatruement and control system based on SPCE061A. The system is composed of 6179 industrial computer, SPCE061A one-chip computer and radio modem modules. Among them, One-chip computers gather data and receive the commands from host-computer. Industrial computer works as control centre. The paper selects Visual C++ to programme procedure and uses MSComm to realize serial communication. Radio modem modules connect the two parts. The achievements of this paper have important practical and realistic significance.
引文
[1] 黄峰,倪纯珍,陈立功等.基于工控机的数据采集系统.汽车工艺与材料,2000,12(2) :45-48
[2] 朱真,王军.基于PC机的数据采集系统结构.电测与仪表,2002,11(3) :46-48
[3] 葛纫秋,张常年,王振红.分散系统工程的远程无线数据采集系统.北方工业大学学 报,1998,14(1) :20-23
[4] 王永铭,邵之江.工业测控中的无线网络设计与应用.工业仪表与自动化装置,2003,22(4) :56-60
[5] 张志良.单片机原理与控制技术.北京:机械工业出版社,2001. 12-18
[6] Lim T S. Parallel communication with handshake between two microcomputers.Southeastcon '93, Proceedings. IEEE , 4-7 April 1993:45-48
[7] 张世德.一种基于单片机系统的无线通讯方式.微计算机信息,2002,10(1) :60-63
[8] 胡大可,李培宏,方路平.基于单片机8051的嵌入式开发指南.北京:电子工业出版社,2003. 34-40
[9] 魏忠,嵌入式开发详解.北京:电子工业出版社,2003. 50-57
[10] M PORTO. Embedded systems under shear: Relationship between shear-induced modes and frictional behavior. Europhysics letters/the European physical society. 2000, 50(3) :326-332
[11] 周荷琴,刘兵,孙景群等.嵌入式系统软件设计要点.计算机应用,1998,27(3) :16-18
[12] 张连栋,张丽芬.嵌入式操作系统定时器的改进.计算机工程与科学,2003,29(5) :53-55
[13] 古大龙,蔡国永,庞建雄.嵌入式实时系统及其相关问题.电子科技导报,1997,11(2) :12-16
[14] 毛卫良,盛焕桦.基于微内核的实时OS设计.微电脑应用,2000,19(1) :45-47
[15] 周德兴,孟晓风.实时系统软件设计方法.计算机自动测量与控制,2000,15(4) :34-37
[16] 王华.嵌入式PC发展综述.微计算机信息,1995,17-22
[17] 徐毓军,田佃福.一种基于嵌入式Internet的控制系统.电子技术应用,2002,10(4) :23-26
[18] Markus Porto, Michael Urbakh, and Joseph Klafter. Looking at Friction through "Shearons". The journal of physical. B. Materials, surfaces, interfaces, &biophysical. 2000, 104(16) :3791-3794
[19] 罗亚非.凌阳16位单片机应用基础.北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2003. 51-55
[20] 朱英.嵌入式数据库及其相关问题.桂林电子工业学院学报,2003,14(3) :27-31
[21] 王彤,王良.嵌入式移动数据库的综述及评价.计算机工程,2001,12(1) :156-157
[22] Jean J Labrosse.嵌入式实时操作系统μC/OS-Ⅱ(第二版).北京:北京航空航天出版社,2003:78-88
[23] 王田苗.嵌入式系统设计与实例开发.北京:清华大学出版社,2002:17-20
[24] 同向前.嵌入式系统的超时控制及其应用.单片机与嵌入式系统应用,2002. 30(3) :50-52
[25] 肖海桥.实时多任务系统及其微处理器的比较.电子产品世界,1998. 28(4) :78-80
[26] 马英杰,刘银兵.基于掌上型电脑的核数据采集系统研究.物探与化探,2002,32(4) :315-317
[27] He ZW, Jiang H. X, Chen X. H. A microcomputer measuring unit for starting torque of micromotors .Industrial Technology, 1994. Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on, 5-9 Dec. 1994:45-47
[28] Pavlovic V, Dimitri jevic B, Stojcev M. Realization of the ultrasonic liquid f lowmeter based on the pulse-phase method. Ultrasonics. 1997, 35(1) :87-92
[29] 刘学锋,单宝杰.蓝牙技术及其应用.国外电子元器件,2002,20(6) :23-27
[30] 邵贝贝.嵌入式实时操作系统μC/OS-Ⅱ的应用与新发展.电子产品世界,2002,31(9) :21-22
[31] 王春宁.嵌入式系统编程源代码解析.北京:电子工业出版社,2002:10-13
[32] 叶丰桥,黄海.μC/OS-Ⅱ在51XA上的移植应用.工业控制计算机,2002,10(3) :55-57
[33] 李明.μC/OS-Ⅱ在ARM上的移植.电子设计应用,2003,19(4) :47-52
[34] 余丽霞,虞鹤松,刘星欣.μC/OS-Ⅱ在C8051F020上的移植.电子技术,2003,17(7) :6-9
[35] 刘慧,金伟正,林海虹.μC/OS-Ⅱ在ADSP-21535上的实现.电子产品世界,2003,29(7) :55-57
[36] 蔡共宣.在8031上移植μC/OS-Ⅱ的主要问题及解决方案.郑州大学学报,2003,14(3) :34-36
[37] 刘洁涓,彭永讲.实时操作系统μC/OS-Ⅱ在MCS51上的移植.计算机技术与自动 化,2003,21(3) :67-70
[38] 滕凌巧,刘常春,戴混.嵌入式操作系统的移植与测试.东北大学学报,2002. 32(4) :30-33
[39] 王毅.用嵌入式计算机实现的监控系统.微波与卫星通信,1996,20(1) :38-40
[40] 李嘉.嵌入式远程监控系统的开发.自动化仪表,2002,30(4) :5-7
[41] 冉汉政.嵌入式实时操作系统μC/OS在控制工程中的应用.现代电子技术,2003. 12(1) :84-86
[42] 张小芳,李向华,陆起涌.μC/OS在仪器仪表中的应用.仪器仪表学报,2003. 8:132-135
[43] 潘丰,苏云.无线数传电台在小型集散控制系统中的应用.电子技术,2003,27(7) :78-82
[44] Moreaux M, Lorin R Y. Communication between heterogeneous machines: A case study, implementation in Ada. Industrial Electronics, Control and Instrumentation, 2002. Proceedings. IECON '91. , 2002 International Conference on , 28 Oct.-1 Nov. 2002:56-58
[45] Subramanian S,Davis G J, Villez P A. A medical device data acquisition system using a microcomputer-based software interface .Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, 1998. Proceedings of the Annual International Conference of the IEEE , 4-7 Nov. 1998:30-32
[46] Ghoniemy S, Bahgat S F, El Mahalawy M H. Zouelfoukkar, A. M. A microcomputer-based automatic testing system for digital circuits using signature analysis . Electrotechnical Conference, 1996. MELECON '96. , 8th Mediterranean , Volume: 1 , 13-16 May 1996:50-52
[47] 石向荣,马龙华,钱积新.用VC实现两地间的数据通讯.计算机应用,2002,33(1) :34-37
[48] Mark Nelson.串行通信开发指南.北京:中国水利水电出版社,2000. 15-18
[49] 李朝青.PC机和单片机串行通信技术.北京:北京航空航天出版社,2000. 20-34
[50] 林继建,吴明光.PC机和单片机串行程序设计.计算机应用研究,2001,32(3) :67-70
[51] 李现勇.Visual C++串口通信技术与工程实践.北京:人民邮电出版社,2002. 58-63
[52] 戴淇华,戴曙光,穆平安.μC/OS实时响应问题的解决方法.上海理工大学学报,2002. 31(1) :32-34
[2] 朱真,王军.基于PC机的数据采集系统结构.电测与仪表,2002,11(3) :46-48
[3] 葛纫秋,张常年,王振红.分散系统工程的远程无线数据采集系统.北方工业大学学 报,1998,14(1) :20-23
[4] 王永铭,邵之江.工业测控中的无线网络设计与应用.工业仪表与自动化装置,2003,22(4) :56-60
[5] 张志良.单片机原理与控制技术.北京:机械工业出版社,2001. 12-18
[6] Lim T S. Parallel communication with handshake between two microcomputers.Southeastcon '93, Proceedings. IEEE , 4-7 April 1993:45-48
[7] 张世德.一种基于单片机系统的无线通讯方式.微计算机信息,2002,10(1) :60-63
[8] 胡大可,李培宏,方路平.基于单片机8051的嵌入式开发指南.北京:电子工业出版社,2003. 34-40
[9] 魏忠,嵌入式开发详解.北京:电子工业出版社,2003. 50-57
[10] M PORTO. Embedded systems under shear: Relationship between shear-induced modes and frictional behavior. Europhysics letters/the European physical society. 2000, 50(3) :326-332
[11] 周荷琴,刘兵,孙景群等.嵌入式系统软件设计要点.计算机应用,1998,27(3) :16-18
[12] 张连栋,张丽芬.嵌入式操作系统定时器的改进.计算机工程与科学,2003,29(5) :53-55
[13] 古大龙,蔡国永,庞建雄.嵌入式实时系统及其相关问题.电子科技导报,1997,11(2) :12-16
[14] 毛卫良,盛焕桦.基于微内核的实时OS设计.微电脑应用,2000,19(1) :45-47
[15] 周德兴,孟晓风.实时系统软件设计方法.计算机自动测量与控制,2000,15(4) :34-37
[16] 王华.嵌入式PC发展综述.微计算机信息,1995,17-22
[17] 徐毓军,田佃福.一种基于嵌入式Internet的控制系统.电子技术应用,2002,10(4) :23-26
[18] Markus Porto, Michael Urbakh, and Joseph Klafter. Looking at Friction through "Shearons". The journal of physical. B. Materials, surfaces, interfaces, &biophysical. 2000, 104(16) :3791-3794
[19] 罗亚非.凌阳16位单片机应用基础.北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2003. 51-55
[20] 朱英.嵌入式数据库及其相关问题.桂林电子工业学院学报,2003,14(3) :27-31
[21] 王彤,王良.嵌入式移动数据库的综述及评价.计算机工程,2001,12(1) :156-157
[22] Jean J Labrosse.嵌入式实时操作系统μC/OS-Ⅱ(第二版).北京:北京航空航天出版社,2003:78-88
[23] 王田苗.嵌入式系统设计与实例开发.北京:清华大学出版社,2002:17-20
[24] 同向前.嵌入式系统的超时控制及其应用.单片机与嵌入式系统应用,2002. 30(3) :50-52
[25] 肖海桥.实时多任务系统及其微处理器的比较.电子产品世界,1998. 28(4) :78-80
[26] 马英杰,刘银兵.基于掌上型电脑的核数据采集系统研究.物探与化探,2002,32(4) :315-317
[27] He ZW, Jiang H. X, Chen X. H. A microcomputer measuring unit for starting torque of micromotors .Industrial Technology, 1994. Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on, 5-9 Dec. 1994:45-47
[28] Pavlovic V, Dimitri jevic B, Stojcev M. Realization of the ultrasonic liquid f lowmeter based on the pulse-phase method. Ultrasonics. 1997, 35(1) :87-92
[29] 刘学锋,单宝杰.蓝牙技术及其应用.国外电子元器件,2002,20(6) :23-27
[30] 邵贝贝.嵌入式实时操作系统μC/OS-Ⅱ的应用与新发展.电子产品世界,2002,31(9) :21-22
[31] 王春宁.嵌入式系统编程源代码解析.北京:电子工业出版社,2002:10-13
[32] 叶丰桥,黄海.μC/OS-Ⅱ在51XA上的移植应用.工业控制计算机,2002,10(3) :55-57
[33] 李明.μC/OS-Ⅱ在ARM上的移植.电子设计应用,2003,19(4) :47-52
[34] 余丽霞,虞鹤松,刘星欣.μC/OS-Ⅱ在C8051F020上的移植.电子技术,2003,17(7) :6-9
[35] 刘慧,金伟正,林海虹.μC/OS-Ⅱ在ADSP-21535上的实现.电子产品世界,2003,29(7) :55-57
[36] 蔡共宣.在8031上移植μC/OS-Ⅱ的主要问题及解决方案.郑州大学学报,2003,14(3) :34-36
[37] 刘洁涓,彭永讲.实时操作系统μC/OS-Ⅱ在MCS51上的移植.计算机技术与自动 化,2003,21(3) :67-70
[38] 滕凌巧,刘常春,戴混.嵌入式操作系统的移植与测试.东北大学学报,2002. 32(4) :30-33
[39] 王毅.用嵌入式计算机实现的监控系统.微波与卫星通信,1996,20(1) :38-40
[40] 李嘉.嵌入式远程监控系统的开发.自动化仪表,2002,30(4) :5-7
[41] 冉汉政.嵌入式实时操作系统μC/OS在控制工程中的应用.现代电子技术,2003. 12(1) :84-86
[42] 张小芳,李向华,陆起涌.μC/OS在仪器仪表中的应用.仪器仪表学报,2003. 8:132-135
[43] 潘丰,苏云.无线数传电台在小型集散控制系统中的应用.电子技术,2003,27(7) :78-82
[44] Moreaux M, Lorin R Y. Communication between heterogeneous machines: A case study, implementation in Ada. Industrial Electronics, Control and Instrumentation, 2002. Proceedings. IECON '91. , 2002 International Conference on , 28 Oct.-1 Nov. 2002:56-58
[45] Subramanian S,Davis G J, Villez P A. A medical device data acquisition system using a microcomputer-based software interface .Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, 1998. Proceedings of the Annual International Conference of the IEEE , 4-7 Nov. 1998:30-32
[46] Ghoniemy S, Bahgat S F, El Mahalawy M H. Zouelfoukkar, A. M. A microcomputer-based automatic testing system for digital circuits using signature analysis . Electrotechnical Conference, 1996. MELECON '96. , 8th Mediterranean , Volume: 1 , 13-16 May 1996:50-52
[47] 石向荣,马龙华,钱积新.用VC实现两地间的数据通讯.计算机应用,2002,33(1) :34-37
[48] Mark Nelson.串行通信开发指南.北京:中国水利水电出版社,2000. 15-18
[49] 李朝青.PC机和单片机串行通信技术.北京:北京航空航天出版社,2000. 20-34
[50] 林继建,吴明光.PC机和单片机串行程序设计.计算机应用研究,2001,32(3) :67-70
[51] 李现勇.Visual C++串口通信技术与工程实践.北京:人民邮电出版社,2002. 58-63
[52] 戴淇华,戴曙光,穆平安.μC/OS实时响应问题的解决方法.上海理工大学学报,2002. 31(1) :32-34