微波促进下类Biginelli化合物的无溶剂合成研究
摘要
自进入21世纪以来,社会的可持续发展及其所涉及的生态、环境、资源、经济等方面的问题愈来愈成为国际社会关注的焦点,被提到发展战略的高度。由于化工产品在生产过程中产生了大量的废液、废气、废固等,给我们的环境造成了很大的污染。使化工界把注意力集中到从本源上杜绝或减少废弃物的产生,即原始污染的预防,而并非产生污染后的治理。这对科学技术必然提出新的要求,对化学,尤其是合成化学更是提出了挑战,让化学在21世纪继续为国民经济可持续发展服务的同时,又避免对环境产生不利的影响,从而提高资源的利用率,这是一项非常有意义的工作。
大多数有机反应都是在有机溶剂里进行的,而大多数有机溶剂易燃、易挥发、有毒,不管排放还是回收都会给环境造成一定的污染。因此,无溶剂有机合成技术成为当前研究的一个热点,因为它是从源头上减少了污染,成为了绿色化学的一个重要的组成部分。
本论文的研究目的是为了进一步扩展无溶剂有机合成技术在有机合成中的应用,着重研究了微波辐射无溶剂条件下Biginelli反应。用苯乙酮、草酰乙酸代替传统的Biginelli反应底物中的乙酰乙酸乙酯(或乙酰丙酮),并且取得了满意的效果。
本论文共分为三章:
第一章文献综述
本章对近年来微波辐射、无溶剂合成技术的发展及应用进行了较为详尽的综述。
第二章微波辐射下浓硫酸催化3,4-二氢嘧啶-2-酮衍生物的无溶剂合成
本章研究了微波辐射下,以浓硫酸为催化剂,芳香醛、尿素和乙酰乙酸乙酯为原料,无溶剂下发生Biginelli缩合反应,高产率地合成了10个3,4-二氢嘧啶-2-酮衍生物。该方法不仅反应条件温和,反应时间短,避免使用昂贵的催化剂,后处理过程简单,而且避免了使用有机溶剂给环境带来的污染,具有绿色合成的特点。
第三章微波辐射无溶剂合成类Biginelli化合物
本部分研究了微波辐射下,以碘化锌为催化剂,芳香醛、芳香酮和尿素为原料,无溶剂下发生Biginelli缩合反应,高产率地合成了16个类Biginelli化合物;用草酰乙酸代替乙酰乙酸乙酯,以碘化锌为催化剂,采用干式微波合成技术合成了9个类Biginelli化合物。该方法不仅反应条件温和,反应时间短,后处理过程简单,而且避免了使用有机溶剂给环境带来的污染,同样符合绿色合成的要求。
Since the entry into the 21st century, society sustainable development and relating problems on ecology, environment, resources, economy and so on have ever increasing been a hot topic in the international society and have been elevated to a height of development strategy. In the process of the chemistry production, a lot of wasted liquid, gas and solid have been produced and do much pollution to our environment. Making the chemistry world put their attention to stop or decrease the production of the waste basically, i.e. the prevention of pollution originally, but not the remedy after pollution. This will put forward new demands upon the science and technology and also challenges to chemistry, especially compound chemistry. Making chemistry serve the sustainable development of the national economy without do harm to the environment and efficiently utilizing the source, is a meaningful job.
It is well-known that organic solvent is flammability, volatility and toxicity. No matter letting or reclaiming, it will be harmful to the environment. But most organic reaction is performed in organic solvent .So it is very necessary to find an effective way to solve this problem. Solvent-free organic synthesize technology, due to its ability to reduce the pollution, now has become the hotspot in the organic synthesize studying. Also it is the important part in the green chemistry.
The purpose of this dissertation is expanding the use of organic method without solvent in the organic synthesized field. We investigated the Bigmelli reaction by microwave radiation method without solvent emphasizedlly. Using acetophenone、oxaloacetic acid in place of conventional Bigmelli reagent: ethyl acetoacetate (or acetylacetone). This method has gets satisfied result.
This dissertation is classified into three chapters: Chapter 1 Literature Survey
In this chapter we review the development and application in the area of microwave irradiation and solvent-free synthesis in recent years in detail.
Chapter 2 Synthesis of 3,4-Dihydropyrimidinones catalyzed by concentrated sulfuric acid under microwave irradiation
This chapter reported the synthesis of ten 3,4-Dihydropyrimidinones with high yields. They have been synthesized by the Biginelli condensation reaction of aromatic aldehyde, urea and ethyl acetoacetate catalyzed by concentrated sulfuric acid under microwave irradiation and solvent-free conditions. This method has the green synthesize characteristic. For not only the reaction condition is tender, the reaction time is shorter, but also avoid using the expensive catalyst. And the disposal process is simple; avoid the use of solvent which can pollute the environment.
Chapter 3 microwave radiation method without solvent to synthesize a kin Biginelli compounds.
This chapter reported the synthesis of sixteen kin Biginelli compounds with high yields. They have been synthesized by the Biginelli condensation reaction of aromatic aldehyde, aromatic ketone and urea catalyzed by zinc iodide under microwave irradiation and solvent-free conditions. Using oxaloacetic acid in place of ethyl acetoacetate catalyzed by zinc iodide synthesized nine kin Biginelli compounds by the microwave method without solvent. With this method not only the reaction condition is tender, the reaction time is shorter, but also it avoid using the expensive catalyst. And the disposal process is simple, avoid the use of solvent which can pollute the environment, this method accord with the green synthesize request.
大多数有机反应都是在有机溶剂里进行的,而大多数有机溶剂易燃、易挥发、有毒,不管排放还是回收都会给环境造成一定的污染。因此,无溶剂有机合成技术成为当前研究的一个热点,因为它是从源头上减少了污染,成为了绿色化学的一个重要的组成部分。
本论文的研究目的是为了进一步扩展无溶剂有机合成技术在有机合成中的应用,着重研究了微波辐射无溶剂条件下Biginelli反应。用苯乙酮、草酰乙酸代替传统的Biginelli反应底物中的乙酰乙酸乙酯(或乙酰丙酮),并且取得了满意的效果。
本论文共分为三章:
第一章文献综述
本章对近年来微波辐射、无溶剂合成技术的发展及应用进行了较为详尽的综述。
第二章微波辐射下浓硫酸催化3,4-二氢嘧啶-2-酮衍生物的无溶剂合成
本章研究了微波辐射下,以浓硫酸为催化剂,芳香醛、尿素和乙酰乙酸乙酯为原料,无溶剂下发生Biginelli缩合反应,高产率地合成了10个3,4-二氢嘧啶-2-酮衍生物。该方法不仅反应条件温和,反应时间短,避免使用昂贵的催化剂,后处理过程简单,而且避免了使用有机溶剂给环境带来的污染,具有绿色合成的特点。
第三章微波辐射无溶剂合成类Biginelli化合物
本部分研究了微波辐射下,以碘化锌为催化剂,芳香醛、芳香酮和尿素为原料,无溶剂下发生Biginelli缩合反应,高产率地合成了16个类Biginelli化合物;用草酰乙酸代替乙酰乙酸乙酯,以碘化锌为催化剂,采用干式微波合成技术合成了9个类Biginelli化合物。该方法不仅反应条件温和,反应时间短,后处理过程简单,而且避免了使用有机溶剂给环境带来的污染,同样符合绿色合成的要求。
Since the entry into the 21st century, society sustainable development and relating problems on ecology, environment, resources, economy and so on have ever increasing been a hot topic in the international society and have been elevated to a height of development strategy. In the process of the chemistry production, a lot of wasted liquid, gas and solid have been produced and do much pollution to our environment. Making the chemistry world put their attention to stop or decrease the production of the waste basically, i.e. the prevention of pollution originally, but not the remedy after pollution. This will put forward new demands upon the science and technology and also challenges to chemistry, especially compound chemistry. Making chemistry serve the sustainable development of the national economy without do harm to the environment and efficiently utilizing the source, is a meaningful job.
It is well-known that organic solvent is flammability, volatility and toxicity. No matter letting or reclaiming, it will be harmful to the environment. But most organic reaction is performed in organic solvent .So it is very necessary to find an effective way to solve this problem. Solvent-free organic synthesize technology, due to its ability to reduce the pollution, now has become the hotspot in the organic synthesize studying. Also it is the important part in the green chemistry.
The purpose of this dissertation is expanding the use of organic method without solvent in the organic synthesized field. We investigated the Bigmelli reaction by microwave radiation method without solvent emphasizedlly. Using acetophenone、oxaloacetic acid in place of conventional Bigmelli reagent: ethyl acetoacetate (or acetylacetone). This method has gets satisfied result.
This dissertation is classified into three chapters: Chapter 1 Literature Survey
In this chapter we review the development and application in the area of microwave irradiation and solvent-free synthesis in recent years in detail.
Chapter 2 Synthesis of 3,4-Dihydropyrimidinones catalyzed by concentrated sulfuric acid under microwave irradiation
This chapter reported the synthesis of ten 3,4-Dihydropyrimidinones with high yields. They have been synthesized by the Biginelli condensation reaction of aromatic aldehyde, urea and ethyl acetoacetate catalyzed by concentrated sulfuric acid under microwave irradiation and solvent-free conditions. This method has the green synthesize characteristic. For not only the reaction condition is tender, the reaction time is shorter, but also avoid using the expensive catalyst. And the disposal process is simple; avoid the use of solvent which can pollute the environment.
Chapter 3 microwave radiation method without solvent to synthesize a kin Biginelli compounds.
This chapter reported the synthesis of sixteen kin Biginelli compounds with high yields. They have been synthesized by the Biginelli condensation reaction of aromatic aldehyde, aromatic ketone and urea catalyzed by zinc iodide under microwave irradiation and solvent-free conditions. Using oxaloacetic acid in place of ethyl acetoacetate catalyzed by zinc iodide synthesized nine kin Biginelli compounds by the microwave method without solvent. With this method not only the reaction condition is tender, the reaction time is shorter, but also it avoid using the expensive catalyst. And the disposal process is simple, avoid the use of solvent which can pollute the environment, this method accord with the green synthesize request.
引文
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