基于FLAC3D地铁车站深基坑变形规律研究
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摘要
随着现代城市的快速发展,大规模地下空间开发是一个必然的趋势。地铁车站深基坑的开挖过程中的变化规律已经成为现代城市地下空间施工的一个研究重点。
本论文以深圳地铁5号线临海路站深基坑工程为背景,阐述了地铁车站深基坑开挖及支护理论。对地铁车站深基坑支护土压力计算、支护结构的内力、支护变形机理、支护结构与土体共同变形原理以及支护结构内力与变形的影响因素进行了分析,对支护结构体系变形的现场监测方法,测点布置及监测频率进行较全面的说明。运用FLAC3D软件建立模型,模拟开挖施工过程,研究地铁车站深基坑支护结构的内力变化及地表沉降等。
通过地铁车站深基坑现场监测中地表沉降、墙顶水平位移、横撑轴力、墙体水平位移的监测数据,从而绘出地表沉降、墙顶水平位移、横撑轴力、墙体水平位移的曲线图,得到其变化的动态反应。运用FLAC3D数值模拟软件能够更好的来帮助我们分析地铁深基坑开挖的规律。因此对地铁车站深基坑施工过程中进行受力变形规律的研究显得非常重要。研究结果对以后的地铁车站深基坑工程施工提供参考依据。
With the rapid development of modern cities, large-scale underground space development is an inevitable trend. Subway station during the excavation of deep foundation pit has become a research focus in modern construction of urban underground space.
On the background of deep foundation pit construction in LinHailu Station of Metro Line 5 in Shenzhen, the subway station deep excavation and the supporting theory are stated. The earth pressure of deep foundation pit supporting, the internal forces of retaining structure, the supporting deformation mechanism, the mutual deformation mechanism of support together with the soil mass as well as the influential factors of the internal force and deformation in retaining structure are analyzed. The field tests of the supporting structure system deformation, the measuring point distribution and the monitoring frequency are also entirely described. Using the FLAC3D, the model is established to simulate the excavation construction. The internal forces changes and the surface settlement of the retaining structure of deep foundation pit in subway station are studied.
According to the field monitoring data of the surface settlement, the horizontal displacement of top wall, the lateral brace axial force and the horizontal displacement in deep foundation pit in subway station, the curves are drawn and the dynamic effect are obtained. The FLAC3D can help us better analyze the laws of deep excavation underground. Therefore, during the process of deep excavation of the subway station, the force and deformation are very important and significant. The research results can provide the references for the later project of deep foundation pit in subway station.
本论文以深圳地铁5号线临海路站深基坑工程为背景,阐述了地铁车站深基坑开挖及支护理论。对地铁车站深基坑支护土压力计算、支护结构的内力、支护变形机理、支护结构与土体共同变形原理以及支护结构内力与变形的影响因素进行了分析,对支护结构体系变形的现场监测方法,测点布置及监测频率进行较全面的说明。运用FLAC3D软件建立模型,模拟开挖施工过程,研究地铁车站深基坑支护结构的内力变化及地表沉降等。
通过地铁车站深基坑现场监测中地表沉降、墙顶水平位移、横撑轴力、墙体水平位移的监测数据,从而绘出地表沉降、墙顶水平位移、横撑轴力、墙体水平位移的曲线图,得到其变化的动态反应。运用FLAC3D数值模拟软件能够更好的来帮助我们分析地铁深基坑开挖的规律。因此对地铁车站深基坑施工过程中进行受力变形规律的研究显得非常重要。研究结果对以后的地铁车站深基坑工程施工提供参考依据。
With the rapid development of modern cities, large-scale underground space development is an inevitable trend. Subway station during the excavation of deep foundation pit has become a research focus in modern construction of urban underground space.
On the background of deep foundation pit construction in LinHailu Station of Metro Line 5 in Shenzhen, the subway station deep excavation and the supporting theory are stated. The earth pressure of deep foundation pit supporting, the internal forces of retaining structure, the supporting deformation mechanism, the mutual deformation mechanism of support together with the soil mass as well as the influential factors of the internal force and deformation in retaining structure are analyzed. The field tests of the supporting structure system deformation, the measuring point distribution and the monitoring frequency are also entirely described. Using the FLAC3D, the model is established to simulate the excavation construction. The internal forces changes and the surface settlement of the retaining structure of deep foundation pit in subway station are studied.
According to the field monitoring data of the surface settlement, the horizontal displacement of top wall, the lateral brace axial force and the horizontal displacement in deep foundation pit in subway station, the curves are drawn and the dynamic effect are obtained. The FLAC3D can help us better analyze the laws of deep excavation underground. Therefore, during the process of deep excavation of the subway station, the force and deformation are very important and significant. The research results can provide the references for the later project of deep foundation pit in subway station.
引文
[1] G. B. Liu, C. W. W. Ng, Z. W. Wang. Observed performance of a deep multi strutted excavation in Shanghai soft clays [J]. Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, 2005, 131(8): 1004-1013.
[2] E. H. Y. Leung, C. W. W. Ng. Wall and ground movements associated with deep excavations supported by cast in situ wall in mixed ground conditions [J]. Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, 2007, 133(2): 129-143.
[3] G. T. C. Kung. Comparison of excavation-induced wall deflection using top-down and bottom-up construction methods in Taipei silty clay [J]. Computers and Geotechnics, 2009, 36(3): 373-385.
[4] M. Long. Database for retaining wall and ground movements due to deep excavations [J]. Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, ASCE, 2001, 127(33): 203-224.
[5] C. F. Leung, Y. K. Chow, R. F. Shen. Behavior of pile subject to elevation-induced soil movement [J]. Journal of Geotechnical and Geo-environmental Engineering, ASCE, 2000,126 (11): 947-954.
[6] S. Kazama. Behavior of a braced structure for excavation under asymmetrical lateral load [J]. Geotechnical Aspects of underground Construction in Soft ground. Kasakabe, Fujia, Mayazaki, 2000: 463-466.
[7]刘国彬,王卫东.基坑工程手册[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社, 2009, 1-33.
[8]肖军华,刘建坤,韩爱民.软弱地层深挖基坑中工程桩偏位分析[J].工程地质学报2006, 14(3): 405-410.
[9]董建华,朱彦鹏.深基坑开挖支护三维弹塑性有限元分析[J].四川建筑科学研究, 2008, 34(3): 124-128.
[10]耿建勋,张克绪,何林,耿永常.基坑支护结构的实用计算方法及其应用[J].哈尔滨工程大学学报, 2009, 30(8): 872-877.
[11]刘彤,刘新东,刘伟.施工过程的深基坑支护系统受力分析[J].路基工程, 2007, (6): 86-88.
[12]陈娟,李夕兵,顾开运.深基坑变形监测实例分析[J].土木基础, 2009 ,23(1): 1-4.
[13] C. Y. Ou, B. Y. Shiau, I. W. Wang. Three-dimensional deformation behavior of the Taipei National Enterprise Center (TNEC) excavation case history [J]. Canadian Geotechnical Journal, 2000, 37(2): 438-448.
[14] R. T. Schafer. Modeling of earth and water pressure development during diaphragm wall construction in soft clay [J]. International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics, 2004, 28(13): 1305-1326.
[15] L. Zdravkovic, D. M. Potts, H. D. John. Modeling of a 3D excavation in finite element analysis [J]. Geotechnique, 2005, 55(7): 497-513.
[16] R. J. Finno, J. T. Blackburn, J. F. Roboski. Three-dimensional effects for supported excavations in clay [J]. Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, 2007, 133(1): 30-36.
[17] Y. Arai, O. Kusakabe, O. Murata, S. Konishi. A numerical study on ground displacement and stress during and after the installation of deep circular diaphragm walls and soil excavation [J]. Computers and Geotechnics, 2008, 35(5): 791-807.
[18] G. T. C. Kung, E. C. L. Hsiao, C. H. Juang. Evaluation of a simplified small-strain soil model for analysis of excavation-induced movements [J]. Canadian Geotechnical Journal, 2007, 44(6): 726-736.
[19] G. T. C. Kung, C. Y. Ou, C. H. Juang. modeling small-strain behavior of Taipei clays for finite element analysis of braced excavations [J]. Computers and Geotechnics, 2009, 36(1): 304-319.
[20] C. Y. Ou, F. C. Teng, I. W. Wang. Analysis and design of partial ground improvement in deep excavations [J]. Computers and Geotechnics, 2008, 35(4): 576-584.
[21] M. Son, E. J. Cording. Numerical model tests of building response to excavation-induced ground movements [J]. Canadian Geotechnical Journal, 2008, 45(11): 1611-1621.
[22] C. Yoo, D. Lee. Deep excavation-induced ground surface movement characteristics - A numerical investigation [J]. Computer and Geotechnics, 2008, 35(2):231-252.
[23] C. Nogueira, R. F. Azevedo, J. G. Zornberg. Coupled analyses of excavations in saturated soil [J]. International Journal of Geotechanics, 2009, 9(2): 73-81.
[24]任建喜,高立新,刘杰等.深基坑变形规律现场监测[J].西安科技大学学报. 2008, 28(3): 445-449.
[25]刘勇,冯志,黄国超,冯旭栋.北京地铁工程深基坑围护结构变形研究[J].地下空间与工程学报,2009, 5(2): 329-335.
[26]李志高,曾远,刘国彬.邻近地铁车站基坑开挖位移传递规律数值模拟[J].岩土力学, 2008, 29(11): 3104-3108.
[27]张明聚,司峰军,叶新丰,谢小春.深基坑围护混合支撑体系内力与变形监测分析[J].北京工业大学学报, 2010, 36(11): 1496-1502.
[28]刘均红.黄土地区地铁车站深基坑变形监测与分析[J].中国铁路, 2009, (8): 68-71.
[29]田宪国.地铁车站深基坑开挖围护结构与施工技术研究[J] .铁道建筑, 2010, (6): 61-63.
[30]唐世强.地铁深基坑支护结构体系内力及变形规律分析[J].铁道建筑, 2008, (11): 35-39.
[31]林源,胡长明,李永辉,张军.某黄土深基坑围护结构变形数值分析与优化[J].施工技术, 2010, 39(5): 18-21.
[32]安关峰,高峻岳.广州地铁公园前地下空间深基坑综合支护监测分析[J].岩土工程学报, 2007, 29(6): 872-879.
[33]涂成立,徐祯祥.支持向量机在地铁车站深基坑围护结构变形预测的应用[J].铁道建筑, 2007, (9): 37-39.
[34]白永学.支护结构与土体共同作用的深基坑二维有限元分析[J].四川建筑, 2006,26(5): 75-80.
[35]荣晓巍.深基坑开挖的有限元模拟与分析[D].天津:天津大学, 2007.
[36]刘红伟,聂宗泉,胡成,任如祥.上海地铁某车站深基坑土压力实例分析[J].合肥工业大学学报(自然科学版), 2007, 30(3): 301-307.
[37]王一鸣.有限元理论在基坑工程中的应用研究[D].江苏:南京航空航天大学, 2006.
[38]徐奴文.地铁车站深基坑开挖与支护有限元数值模拟[D].天津:大连理工大学, 2008.
[39]谢弘帅.深基坑开挖对临近地铁车站基坑影响的有限元计算分析[J].上海地质, 2009,(2): 54-58.
[40]陈军,刘波,陶龙光.暗挖地铁车站引起地表沉降拟合分析与peck法比较研究[J].岩土工程技术, 2005, 19(1): 1-4.
[41]刘沐良.暗挖地铁车站中洞法施工地面沉降控制的关键工序[J].铁道勘察, 2006, 1: 82-84.
[42]王亚民.成都沙河堡7号地铁车站深基坑监测与分析[J].建筑施工, 2010, 32(6): 499-501.
[43]朱玉明,黄明利,钟德文.地铁车站暗挖施工地层变位预测与控制[J].市政技术, 2007, 25(2): 110-127.
[44]蔡乾广,蔡大成.地铁车站变形监测技术及数据处理方法研究[J].现代测绘, 2010, 33(2): 20-22.
[45]郭建强,龚洪祥,李俊才,高永,刘翔.地铁车站深基坑施工对邻近建筑物影响的控制[J].建筑科学, 2008, 24(9): 91-95.
[46]孙钧,王东栋.地铁施工变形预测与控制的智能方法[J].施工技术, 2009, 38(1): 3-9.
[47]余新明,钱梅芳.某地铁车站基坑变形影响因素分析[J].山西建筑, 2010, 36(4): 123-124.
[48] Itasca Consulting Group, Inc. Fast Lagrangian Analysis of Continua in 3 Dimensions FISH in FLAC3D [M]. U. S. A., 2002.
[49] Itasca Consulting Group, Inc. Fast Lagrangian Analysis of Continua in 3 Dimensions Example Applications [M]. U. S. A., 2002.
[50]陈育民,徐鼎平. FLAC/FLAC3D基础与工程实例[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社, 2008.
[2] E. H. Y. Leung, C. W. W. Ng. Wall and ground movements associated with deep excavations supported by cast in situ wall in mixed ground conditions [J]. Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, 2007, 133(2): 129-143.
[3] G. T. C. Kung. Comparison of excavation-induced wall deflection using top-down and bottom-up construction methods in Taipei silty clay [J]. Computers and Geotechnics, 2009, 36(3): 373-385.
[4] M. Long. Database for retaining wall and ground movements due to deep excavations [J]. Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, ASCE, 2001, 127(33): 203-224.
[5] C. F. Leung, Y. K. Chow, R. F. Shen. Behavior of pile subject to elevation-induced soil movement [J]. Journal of Geotechnical and Geo-environmental Engineering, ASCE, 2000,126 (11): 947-954.
[6] S. Kazama. Behavior of a braced structure for excavation under asymmetrical lateral load [J]. Geotechnical Aspects of underground Construction in Soft ground. Kasakabe, Fujia, Mayazaki, 2000: 463-466.
[7]刘国彬,王卫东.基坑工程手册[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社, 2009, 1-33.
[8]肖军华,刘建坤,韩爱民.软弱地层深挖基坑中工程桩偏位分析[J].工程地质学报2006, 14(3): 405-410.
[9]董建华,朱彦鹏.深基坑开挖支护三维弹塑性有限元分析[J].四川建筑科学研究, 2008, 34(3): 124-128.
[10]耿建勋,张克绪,何林,耿永常.基坑支护结构的实用计算方法及其应用[J].哈尔滨工程大学学报, 2009, 30(8): 872-877.
[11]刘彤,刘新东,刘伟.施工过程的深基坑支护系统受力分析[J].路基工程, 2007, (6): 86-88.
[12]陈娟,李夕兵,顾开运.深基坑变形监测实例分析[J].土木基础, 2009 ,23(1): 1-4.
[13] C. Y. Ou, B. Y. Shiau, I. W. Wang. Three-dimensional deformation behavior of the Taipei National Enterprise Center (TNEC) excavation case history [J]. Canadian Geotechnical Journal, 2000, 37(2): 438-448.
[14] R. T. Schafer. Modeling of earth and water pressure development during diaphragm wall construction in soft clay [J]. International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics, 2004, 28(13): 1305-1326.
[15] L. Zdravkovic, D. M. Potts, H. D. John. Modeling of a 3D excavation in finite element analysis [J]. Geotechnique, 2005, 55(7): 497-513.
[16] R. J. Finno, J. T. Blackburn, J. F. Roboski. Three-dimensional effects for supported excavations in clay [J]. Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, 2007, 133(1): 30-36.
[17] Y. Arai, O. Kusakabe, O. Murata, S. Konishi. A numerical study on ground displacement and stress during and after the installation of deep circular diaphragm walls and soil excavation [J]. Computers and Geotechnics, 2008, 35(5): 791-807.
[18] G. T. C. Kung, E. C. L. Hsiao, C. H. Juang. Evaluation of a simplified small-strain soil model for analysis of excavation-induced movements [J]. Canadian Geotechnical Journal, 2007, 44(6): 726-736.
[19] G. T. C. Kung, C. Y. Ou, C. H. Juang. modeling small-strain behavior of Taipei clays for finite element analysis of braced excavations [J]. Computers and Geotechnics, 2009, 36(1): 304-319.
[20] C. Y. Ou, F. C. Teng, I. W. Wang. Analysis and design of partial ground improvement in deep excavations [J]. Computers and Geotechnics, 2008, 35(4): 576-584.
[21] M. Son, E. J. Cording. Numerical model tests of building response to excavation-induced ground movements [J]. Canadian Geotechnical Journal, 2008, 45(11): 1611-1621.
[22] C. Yoo, D. Lee. Deep excavation-induced ground surface movement characteristics - A numerical investigation [J]. Computer and Geotechnics, 2008, 35(2):231-252.
[23] C. Nogueira, R. F. Azevedo, J. G. Zornberg. Coupled analyses of excavations in saturated soil [J]. International Journal of Geotechanics, 2009, 9(2): 73-81.
[24]任建喜,高立新,刘杰等.深基坑变形规律现场监测[J].西安科技大学学报. 2008, 28(3): 445-449.
[25]刘勇,冯志,黄国超,冯旭栋.北京地铁工程深基坑围护结构变形研究[J].地下空间与工程学报,2009, 5(2): 329-335.
[26]李志高,曾远,刘国彬.邻近地铁车站基坑开挖位移传递规律数值模拟[J].岩土力学, 2008, 29(11): 3104-3108.
[27]张明聚,司峰军,叶新丰,谢小春.深基坑围护混合支撑体系内力与变形监测分析[J].北京工业大学学报, 2010, 36(11): 1496-1502.
[28]刘均红.黄土地区地铁车站深基坑变形监测与分析[J].中国铁路, 2009, (8): 68-71.
[29]田宪国.地铁车站深基坑开挖围护结构与施工技术研究[J] .铁道建筑, 2010, (6): 61-63.
[30]唐世强.地铁深基坑支护结构体系内力及变形规律分析[J].铁道建筑, 2008, (11): 35-39.
[31]林源,胡长明,李永辉,张军.某黄土深基坑围护结构变形数值分析与优化[J].施工技术, 2010, 39(5): 18-21.
[32]安关峰,高峻岳.广州地铁公园前地下空间深基坑综合支护监测分析[J].岩土工程学报, 2007, 29(6): 872-879.
[33]涂成立,徐祯祥.支持向量机在地铁车站深基坑围护结构变形预测的应用[J].铁道建筑, 2007, (9): 37-39.
[34]白永学.支护结构与土体共同作用的深基坑二维有限元分析[J].四川建筑, 2006,26(5): 75-80.
[35]荣晓巍.深基坑开挖的有限元模拟与分析[D].天津:天津大学, 2007.
[36]刘红伟,聂宗泉,胡成,任如祥.上海地铁某车站深基坑土压力实例分析[J].合肥工业大学学报(自然科学版), 2007, 30(3): 301-307.
[37]王一鸣.有限元理论在基坑工程中的应用研究[D].江苏:南京航空航天大学, 2006.
[38]徐奴文.地铁车站深基坑开挖与支护有限元数值模拟[D].天津:大连理工大学, 2008.
[39]谢弘帅.深基坑开挖对临近地铁车站基坑影响的有限元计算分析[J].上海地质, 2009,(2): 54-58.
[40]陈军,刘波,陶龙光.暗挖地铁车站引起地表沉降拟合分析与peck法比较研究[J].岩土工程技术, 2005, 19(1): 1-4.
[41]刘沐良.暗挖地铁车站中洞法施工地面沉降控制的关键工序[J].铁道勘察, 2006, 1: 82-84.
[42]王亚民.成都沙河堡7号地铁车站深基坑监测与分析[J].建筑施工, 2010, 32(6): 499-501.
[43]朱玉明,黄明利,钟德文.地铁车站暗挖施工地层变位预测与控制[J].市政技术, 2007, 25(2): 110-127.
[44]蔡乾广,蔡大成.地铁车站变形监测技术及数据处理方法研究[J].现代测绘, 2010, 33(2): 20-22.
[45]郭建强,龚洪祥,李俊才,高永,刘翔.地铁车站深基坑施工对邻近建筑物影响的控制[J].建筑科学, 2008, 24(9): 91-95.
[46]孙钧,王东栋.地铁施工变形预测与控制的智能方法[J].施工技术, 2009, 38(1): 3-9.
[47]余新明,钱梅芳.某地铁车站基坑变形影响因素分析[J].山西建筑, 2010, 36(4): 123-124.
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