3.3kv组合开关电气保护控制器的研究
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摘要
随着我国煤炭工业的发展,采煤效率的提高,综采工作面装机容量增大,采用3.3kV供电系统成为未来发展趋势。然而,目前我国已采用3.3kV供电系统的现代化矿井,其供电设备都采用国外进口产品。本文研究的3.3kV组合开关的电气保护控制器实现对驱动电动机的集中控制与保护,最大限度的保障煤矿生产的安全性和连续性有重要意义。
根据现场实际情况,本文提出了能够满足煤矿井下综采工作面驱动电动机工作特性要求的测控系统整体方案,选择具有高可靠性和高抗干扰性的可编程控制器作为电气保护控制器的中央处理器。设计了保护电路,完成软件设计,最后对各项功能进行调试及系统调试。
本文设计了本质安全型先导电路和远控电路,确定了电路参数,并对其本安性能进行了分析。试验结果表明:先导电路满足本质安全性能要求,而且其安全系数K远远超过了i_b等级要求,提高了电气保护控制器的工作的安全性,保障了煤矿井下生产安全。
漏电保护是煤矿井下的三大保护之一,本文提出了由漏电闭锁、漏电保护和高压绝缘监视相结合的矿井电网漏电保护方案。尽管三种保护检测时间和保护范围不同,三者结合既可以实现绝缘预警、漏电跳闸,还可以实现电缆绝缘检测功能。
本系统的电流保护系统摆脱以往常用的相敏保护方法,设计了电路简单的采样电路,通过将电流信号转化为与之成线性关系的电压信号,然后由PLC做相应的处理从而实现相应的过流保护和断相保护。
暂态过电压是造成煤矿井下电动机及电缆绝缘击穿的主要原因之一,本文提出了压敏电阻和阻容吸收相结合的保护方法,降低了过电压幅值,而且能改善过电压波形。稳态电压故障采用电压采样的方法进行处理,整定了相应参数,使保护准确实现。
电气保护控制器的人机界面使用M2I公司的TOP6SAE触摸屏,完成对参数的设置,工作状态的显示和故障的记录和显示。设计了主要工作画面,将相关控件进行了正确参数设置,使之与PLC完成良好的通信。
系统的软件环境XG5000允许用户对同一项目中的多个PLC程序进行编辑,监控和管理并且程序可根据需要分为扫描程序和任务程序。模块化程序设计方法使得程序更加便于调试,修改和移植。
The 3.3kV power supply system will be the development trends with the development of China's coal industry, coal mining efficiency and increasing of capacity of fully mechanized coal mining face. However, the modernization of the mine that has adopts 3.3kV power supply, use of their electricity supply facilities in all imported products. In this paper, electric protection controller of 3.3kV combination starter achieves centralized control and protection of drive units. It maximizes the protection of the safety of coal production and continuity.
According to the actual situation at the scene, this paper puts forward a program of monitoring and control system as a whole which meets the coal mine fully mechanized coal mining face characteristics of the motor-driven requirements. It picks programmable logic controller with high reliability and high anti-interference as a CPU of electric protection controller. Protection circuits are designed; complete the software design, the various functions of the final debugging and system debugging.
In this paper, design the intrinsically safe circuit of the pilot circuit and far-type control circuit; determine the circuit parameters and analysis performance of the security. The results of experiments show that: pilot circuit meets the performance of intrinsically safe requirements; Safety factor K is far exceeding the level i_b. It improves the safety of electric protection controller and ensures the safety of coal mine production.
Leakage protection is one of the three protections in Coal mine. This paper makes mine power leakage protection programs which are made up with leakage lockout, leakage protection and high Voltage insulation monitoring. Although the three types of protections have different detection time and scope, combination can be achieved not only early warning insulation, leakage current trip, but also the realization of cable insulation detection.
The system is out of phase-sensitive methods of protection that used in the current protection systems commonly. This system signed a simple sampling circuit which transforms the current signal into a linear relationship with the Voltage signal. The Voltage signal is delivered to PLC and PLC does corresponding deal and achieves over-current and open-phase protection.
Transient overvoltage is one of the main reasons that caused motor and cable insulation breakdown in coal mine. This paper brings forward the Protection combines with piezo-resistor and RC absorption. It reduces the amplitude of over-voltage and improves the waveform. For steady-state Voltage fault, Voltage sampling methods is used to deal with. It sets the corresponding parameters and accurates realization of protection.
Man-machine interface uses touch screen TOP6SAE of M2I Company. The touch screen completes parameter settings, displays work status and fault records. The main work screen is designed and the relevant control parameters are set correctly. A good communication between PLC and touch screen is completed.
System software environment XG500 allows the user to edit, monitor and manage a number of PLC programs in a same project. Procedures can be divided into scanning procedures and tasks procedures. Modular design makes the procedures more user-friendly way to debug, modify, and transplant.
根据现场实际情况,本文提出了能够满足煤矿井下综采工作面驱动电动机工作特性要求的测控系统整体方案,选择具有高可靠性和高抗干扰性的可编程控制器作为电气保护控制器的中央处理器。设计了保护电路,完成软件设计,最后对各项功能进行调试及系统调试。
本文设计了本质安全型先导电路和远控电路,确定了电路参数,并对其本安性能进行了分析。试验结果表明:先导电路满足本质安全性能要求,而且其安全系数K远远超过了i_b等级要求,提高了电气保护控制器的工作的安全性,保障了煤矿井下生产安全。
漏电保护是煤矿井下的三大保护之一,本文提出了由漏电闭锁、漏电保护和高压绝缘监视相结合的矿井电网漏电保护方案。尽管三种保护检测时间和保护范围不同,三者结合既可以实现绝缘预警、漏电跳闸,还可以实现电缆绝缘检测功能。
本系统的电流保护系统摆脱以往常用的相敏保护方法,设计了电路简单的采样电路,通过将电流信号转化为与之成线性关系的电压信号,然后由PLC做相应的处理从而实现相应的过流保护和断相保护。
暂态过电压是造成煤矿井下电动机及电缆绝缘击穿的主要原因之一,本文提出了压敏电阻和阻容吸收相结合的保护方法,降低了过电压幅值,而且能改善过电压波形。稳态电压故障采用电压采样的方法进行处理,整定了相应参数,使保护准确实现。
电气保护控制器的人机界面使用M2I公司的TOP6SAE触摸屏,完成对参数的设置,工作状态的显示和故障的记录和显示。设计了主要工作画面,将相关控件进行了正确参数设置,使之与PLC完成良好的通信。
系统的软件环境XG5000允许用户对同一项目中的多个PLC程序进行编辑,监控和管理并且程序可根据需要分为扫描程序和任务程序。模块化程序设计方法使得程序更加便于调试,修改和移植。
The 3.3kV power supply system will be the development trends with the development of China's coal industry, coal mining efficiency and increasing of capacity of fully mechanized coal mining face. However, the modernization of the mine that has adopts 3.3kV power supply, use of their electricity supply facilities in all imported products. In this paper, electric protection controller of 3.3kV combination starter achieves centralized control and protection of drive units. It maximizes the protection of the safety of coal production and continuity.
According to the actual situation at the scene, this paper puts forward a program of monitoring and control system as a whole which meets the coal mine fully mechanized coal mining face characteristics of the motor-driven requirements. It picks programmable logic controller with high reliability and high anti-interference as a CPU of electric protection controller. Protection circuits are designed; complete the software design, the various functions of the final debugging and system debugging.
In this paper, design the intrinsically safe circuit of the pilot circuit and far-type control circuit; determine the circuit parameters and analysis performance of the security. The results of experiments show that: pilot circuit meets the performance of intrinsically safe requirements; Safety factor K is far exceeding the level i_b. It improves the safety of electric protection controller and ensures the safety of coal mine production.
Leakage protection is one of the three protections in Coal mine. This paper makes mine power leakage protection programs which are made up with leakage lockout, leakage protection and high Voltage insulation monitoring. Although the three types of protections have different detection time and scope, combination can be achieved not only early warning insulation, leakage current trip, but also the realization of cable insulation detection.
The system is out of phase-sensitive methods of protection that used in the current protection systems commonly. This system signed a simple sampling circuit which transforms the current signal into a linear relationship with the Voltage signal. The Voltage signal is delivered to PLC and PLC does corresponding deal and achieves over-current and open-phase protection.
Transient overvoltage is one of the main reasons that caused motor and cable insulation breakdown in coal mine. This paper brings forward the Protection combines with piezo-resistor and RC absorption. It reduces the amplitude of over-voltage and improves the waveform. For steady-state Voltage fault, Voltage sampling methods is used to deal with. It sets the corresponding parameters and accurates realization of protection.
Man-machine interface uses touch screen TOP6SAE of M2I Company. The touch screen completes parameter settings, displays work status and fault records. The main work screen is designed and the relevant control parameters are set correctly. A good communication between PLC and touch screen is completed.
System software environment XG500 allows the user to edit, monitor and manage a number of PLC programs in a same project. Procedures can be divided into scanning procedures and tasks procedures. Modular design makes the procedures more user-friendly way to debug, modify, and transplant.
引文
1.刘向昕、陈子春.浅析综采工作面3.3KV供电系统的应用[J].煤炭科学技术.2003年8月.31(8):26-28
2.闫昌东.煤矿井下3_3kV电网漏电保护装置[J].电气开关.1997年4月.31(2):14-16
3.彭延龄、祝从容.我国煤矿井下3.3kV供电系统中移动变电站的发展[J].煤矿机电.2004年第5期.64(3):64-66
4.李嘉敏.8SK组合开关用于工作面的工作方法[J].煤.1995年7月.7(5):63-65
5.曲娟、李淮.KJZ-3×400S矿用隔爆兼本质安全型真空组合开关[J].煤矿机电.2006年8月.86(2):62-63
6.孙建领,孟令波.矿用隔爆兼本质安全型双回路真空组合开关的研制[J].工矿自动化.2006年10月.5(2):71-74
7.袁向科、裴计田等.KJZ_1500_1140Z组合开关在煤矿胶带输送机控制保护中的应用[J].工矿自动化.2007年10月.80-81
8.王继生.KJZ系列智能真空组合开关的国产化研究[J].山西焦煤科技。2007年9月.18-20
9.GB3836.4-2000[S].第三章第一节
10.章良海.安全火花原理及应用[M].北京煤炭工业出版社.1984
11.蔡利新.本安电路参数设计及元件要求简介[J].电气防爆.2008年3月.22-23
12.崔景岳,刘恩沛,聂文龙.煤矿供电[M].北京:煤炭工业出版社.1988
13.郝俊芳,李海英,宋建成.电动机控制系统本质安全型先导电路的试验研究[D].电工技术杂志.2001年第9期.1-4
14.中华人民共和国能源部.煤矿安全规程.北京:煤炭工业出版社.1992
15.邹有明,张根现.工矿企业漏电保护技术[M].煤炭工业出版社
16.唐铁.选择性漏电保护[M]北京.煤炭工业出版社.1994.16-17.183-187.
17.邱关源.电路(第四版)[M].北京:高等教育出版社.1999:88-89
18.李晓梅.煤矿井下低压漏电保护动作值研究[J].安徽科技.2006年12期.37-38
19.唐翔,闫广.煤矿井下3_3kV供电系统绝缘阻抗测量与分析[J].煤炭科学技术.2005年6月.33(6):26-27
20.张长森,柯熙政.矿井低压电网漏电保护的现状及发展趋势[J].煤矿机电2005年第5期.73-77
21.卢恩贵.浅谈漏电保护技术的研究与发展[J].煤矿安全.40-44
22.宋建成,谢恒堃.煤矿井下6kV电缆附加直流的在线检测系统[J].高电压技术.1998.35-37.
23.MT/T661-1997.煤矿井下用电气设备通用技术条件.
24.池艾文.基于多CPU控制的3.3kV组合磁力控制站测控系统的研究[D].学位论文.太原理工大学.2004.57-58
25.单付丰.相敏短路保护在煤矿中的推广[J].科技信息.2008年第25期.60
26.李东.ZR阻容吸收器防止真空断路器操作过电压的应用[J].马钢技术.2001.(2):30-32
27.Freund,Arthur.Total motor protection.ECM electr constr maint.sep1987.86(9).68-73
28.国家安全生产监督管理局.国家煤矿安全监察局.煤矿安全规程.北京.煤炭工业出版社.2004
29.童中祥,矿用真空电器过电压及抑制方法的研究[J],电器防爆,1995,(6),23-25
30.宋爱.3.3kV智能化组合磁力控制站综合保护系统的研究.[学位论文].太原理工大学.2004.74
31.Bishop M T et al.Over current protection alternatives for underground distribution systems[J].IEEE Trans-on Power DeliVery.1995;10(1)
2.闫昌东.煤矿井下3_3kV电网漏电保护装置[J].电气开关.1997年4月.31(2):14-16
3.彭延龄、祝从容.我国煤矿井下3.3kV供电系统中移动变电站的发展[J].煤矿机电.2004年第5期.64(3):64-66
4.李嘉敏.8SK组合开关用于工作面的工作方法[J].煤.1995年7月.7(5):63-65
5.曲娟、李淮.KJZ-3×400S矿用隔爆兼本质安全型真空组合开关[J].煤矿机电.2006年8月.86(2):62-63
6.孙建领,孟令波.矿用隔爆兼本质安全型双回路真空组合开关的研制[J].工矿自动化.2006年10月.5(2):71-74
7.袁向科、裴计田等.KJZ_1500_1140Z组合开关在煤矿胶带输送机控制保护中的应用[J].工矿自动化.2007年10月.80-81
8.王继生.KJZ系列智能真空组合开关的国产化研究[J].山西焦煤科技。2007年9月.18-20
9.GB3836.4-2000[S].第三章第一节
10.章良海.安全火花原理及应用[M].北京煤炭工业出版社.1984
11.蔡利新.本安电路参数设计及元件要求简介[J].电气防爆.2008年3月.22-23
12.崔景岳,刘恩沛,聂文龙.煤矿供电[M].北京:煤炭工业出版社.1988
13.郝俊芳,李海英,宋建成.电动机控制系统本质安全型先导电路的试验研究[D].电工技术杂志.2001年第9期.1-4
14.中华人民共和国能源部.煤矿安全规程.北京:煤炭工业出版社.1992
15.邹有明,张根现.工矿企业漏电保护技术[M].煤炭工业出版社
16.唐铁.选择性漏电保护[M]北京.煤炭工业出版社.1994.16-17.183-187.
17.邱关源.电路(第四版)[M].北京:高等教育出版社.1999:88-89
18.李晓梅.煤矿井下低压漏电保护动作值研究[J].安徽科技.2006年12期.37-38
19.唐翔,闫广.煤矿井下3_3kV供电系统绝缘阻抗测量与分析[J].煤炭科学技术.2005年6月.33(6):26-27
20.张长森,柯熙政.矿井低压电网漏电保护的现状及发展趋势[J].煤矿机电2005年第5期.73-77
21.卢恩贵.浅谈漏电保护技术的研究与发展[J].煤矿安全.40-44
22.宋建成,谢恒堃.煤矿井下6kV电缆附加直流的在线检测系统[J].高电压技术.1998.35-37.
23.MT/T661-1997.煤矿井下用电气设备通用技术条件.
24.池艾文.基于多CPU控制的3.3kV组合磁力控制站测控系统的研究[D].学位论文.太原理工大学.2004.57-58
25.单付丰.相敏短路保护在煤矿中的推广[J].科技信息.2008年第25期.60
26.李东.ZR阻容吸收器防止真空断路器操作过电压的应用[J].马钢技术.2001.(2):30-32
27.Freund,Arthur.Total motor protection.ECM electr constr maint.sep1987.86(9).68-73
28.国家安全生产监督管理局.国家煤矿安全监察局.煤矿安全规程.北京.煤炭工业出版社.2004
29.童中祥,矿用真空电器过电压及抑制方法的研究[J],电器防爆,1995,(6),23-25
30.宋爱.3.3kV智能化组合磁力控制站综合保护系统的研究.[学位论文].太原理工大学.2004.74
31.Bishop M T et al.Over current protection alternatives for underground distribution systems[J].IEEE Trans-on Power DeliVery.1995;10(1)