云南维西—兰坪铅锌多金属成矿带遥感信息融合与成矿预测
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摘要
随着从地表找矿到深部找矿的趋向,地质找矿从传统找矿方法发展到多元信息融合找矿理论的实践应用。多元是指把地质、物探、化探、遥感等信息叠加分析,并把定性与定量预测相结合,从而形成一套丰富的成矿理论,为已有矿区的深部、外围及隐伏矿体的找矿提供科学依据。
本文是基于国家矿产远景调查项目《云南维西—兰坪(通甸-白汉场)地区1/5万矿产远景调查》为依托,以地理信息系统为平台,对多元地学空间信息(地、物、化、遥等)进行叠加分析,运用综合成矿信息预测的理论,在研究区已有矿点的基础上,寻找新资源,增加资源储量。维西-兰坪研究区位于三江并流区域,成矿条件良好,在研究区周边已发现众多矿床。本文在已有资料的基础上,以综合成矿信息预测理论为指导,融合地、物、化、遥多源找矿信息,确定综合信息找矿模式,以下为获得的认识及成果：
1、多源地学空间信息数据库的建立,将地、物、化、遥相结合,对控矿因素及找矿标志的划分起到重要作用,从而可以有效地确定找矿信息；
2、分析地物的光谱特征,研究岩浆岩、变质岩的光谱曲线特性,运用遥感异常蚀变信息的提取方法,对研究区进行铁化、泥化蚀变矿物的提取；
3、对研究区的遥感影像ETM+、SPOT5数据,采用Erdas数字图像处理软件对其进行信息解译及线环构造的提取,并运用金属矿产资源分析系统Morpas对提取的线性构造进行等密度、条数、中心对称度、优益度等定量分析,圈定遥感异常信息。研究区内的北东与北西向相交处利于矿体的富集；
4、对飘雪岩、桃花村典型区域划分网格单元,计算单变量、复合变量的信息值,确立综合找矿的信息模式,优选出7个找矿靶区,其中Ⅰ类靶区1个,Ⅱ类靶区2个,Ⅲ类靶区4个。
Geological prospecting has developed from the traditional prospecting methods to the practical application of the theory of multi-source information fusion prospecting as the trend of ore prospecting from the surface to the deep. Multi-source refers to the superposition analysis of information such as geology, geophysical exploration, geochemical exploration and remote sensing, etc, and to combine the qualitative prediction and quantitative prediction, thus to form a rich metallogeny theory, and to provide a scientific basis for the prospecting of the deep, peripheral and concealed ore--bodies of the existing mine.
Based on the national research project of the mineral vision "the research project of the 1 to 50000 mineral vision of Weixi-Lanping "Tongdian-Baihanchang" area in Yunnan province", and platformed with a geographical information system, this article superimposed and analyzed the multi-source geo-spatial information such as geology, geophysical exploration, geochemical exploration and remote sensing, etc., and used an theory of integrated metallogenic information prediction to find new resources to increase the reserves on the basis of the mining point in the study area. The study area Weixi—Lanping is located in the Three Parallel Rivers region, the mineralization is in good condition, and there has found a number of deposits around the study area. In this paper, based on the existing data, and under the guide of the theory of an integrated metallogenic information prediction, we fuse the multi-source prospecting information such as geology, geophysical exploration, geochemical exploration and remote sensing, etc. to determine the comprehensive information prospecting model. The knowledge and the results obtained are as follows:
1. The establishment of the multi-source geo-spatial information database combined geology, geophysical exploration, geochemical exploration and remote sensing and played an important role in the division of the ore-controlling factors and prospecting marks. It will effectively determine the prospecting information.
2. We can extract Iron-based and Clay-alteration minerals of the study area by analyzing the spectral characteristics of surface features, studying the spectral curve characteristics of the magmatite and metamorphic rocks and using the extraction method of the information of remote sensing abnormal alteration.
3. Interprate information and extract line and ring structure to the remote sensing images ETM, SPOT5 data in the study area using Erdas digital image processing software, and analyze quantitatively to the lineament extraction extracted such as equidensity, number of branches, center symmetry and excellent benefits degrees, ect. using Metallic Mineral Resources Analysis System Morpas to delineate remote sensing Exception Information. The north-east and north-west to the intersection of the study area conducives to the enrichment of ore body.
4. Divide into a grid cell to the typical region of snowing right rock and Taohua village, calculate information value of the one-variable and complex variable, establish an integrated information model of prospecting and optimize seven oreprospecting target area, including 1 classⅠ,2 classⅡand 4 classⅢtarget area.
本文是基于国家矿产远景调查项目《云南维西—兰坪(通甸-白汉场)地区1/5万矿产远景调查》为依托,以地理信息系统为平台,对多元地学空间信息(地、物、化、遥等)进行叠加分析,运用综合成矿信息预测的理论,在研究区已有矿点的基础上,寻找新资源,增加资源储量。维西-兰坪研究区位于三江并流区域,成矿条件良好,在研究区周边已发现众多矿床。本文在已有资料的基础上,以综合成矿信息预测理论为指导,融合地、物、化、遥多源找矿信息,确定综合信息找矿模式,以下为获得的认识及成果：
1、多源地学空间信息数据库的建立,将地、物、化、遥相结合,对控矿因素及找矿标志的划分起到重要作用,从而可以有效地确定找矿信息；
2、分析地物的光谱特征,研究岩浆岩、变质岩的光谱曲线特性,运用遥感异常蚀变信息的提取方法,对研究区进行铁化、泥化蚀变矿物的提取；
3、对研究区的遥感影像ETM+、SPOT5数据,采用Erdas数字图像处理软件对其进行信息解译及线环构造的提取,并运用金属矿产资源分析系统Morpas对提取的线性构造进行等密度、条数、中心对称度、优益度等定量分析,圈定遥感异常信息。研究区内的北东与北西向相交处利于矿体的富集；
4、对飘雪岩、桃花村典型区域划分网格单元,计算单变量、复合变量的信息值,确立综合找矿的信息模式,优选出7个找矿靶区,其中Ⅰ类靶区1个,Ⅱ类靶区2个,Ⅲ类靶区4个。
Geological prospecting has developed from the traditional prospecting methods to the practical application of the theory of multi-source information fusion prospecting as the trend of ore prospecting from the surface to the deep. Multi-source refers to the superposition analysis of information such as geology, geophysical exploration, geochemical exploration and remote sensing, etc, and to combine the qualitative prediction and quantitative prediction, thus to form a rich metallogeny theory, and to provide a scientific basis for the prospecting of the deep, peripheral and concealed ore--bodies of the existing mine.
Based on the national research project of the mineral vision "the research project of the 1 to 50000 mineral vision of Weixi-Lanping "Tongdian-Baihanchang" area in Yunnan province", and platformed with a geographical information system, this article superimposed and analyzed the multi-source geo-spatial information such as geology, geophysical exploration, geochemical exploration and remote sensing, etc., and used an theory of integrated metallogenic information prediction to find new resources to increase the reserves on the basis of the mining point in the study area. The study area Weixi—Lanping is located in the Three Parallel Rivers region, the mineralization is in good condition, and there has found a number of deposits around the study area. In this paper, based on the existing data, and under the guide of the theory of an integrated metallogenic information prediction, we fuse the multi-source prospecting information such as geology, geophysical exploration, geochemical exploration and remote sensing, etc. to determine the comprehensive information prospecting model. The knowledge and the results obtained are as follows:
1. The establishment of the multi-source geo-spatial information database combined geology, geophysical exploration, geochemical exploration and remote sensing and played an important role in the division of the ore-controlling factors and prospecting marks. It will effectively determine the prospecting information.
2. We can extract Iron-based and Clay-alteration minerals of the study area by analyzing the spectral characteristics of surface features, studying the spectral curve characteristics of the magmatite and metamorphic rocks and using the extraction method of the information of remote sensing abnormal alteration.
3. Interprate information and extract line and ring structure to the remote sensing images ETM, SPOT5 data in the study area using Erdas digital image processing software, and analyze quantitatively to the lineament extraction extracted such as equidensity, number of branches, center symmetry and excellent benefits degrees, ect. using Metallic Mineral Resources Analysis System Morpas to delineate remote sensing Exception Information. The north-east and north-west to the intersection of the study area conducives to the enrichment of ore body.
4. Divide into a grid cell to the typical region of snowing right rock and Taohua village, calculate information value of the one-variable and complex variable, establish an integrated information model of prospecting and optimize seven oreprospecting target area, including 1 classⅠ,2 classⅡand 4 classⅢtarget area.
引文
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