超低功耗智能便携式温度测量仪的研究
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摘要
温度测量是工农业生产、现代科学研究及高新技术开发过程中一个极其普遍而重要的测量项目。现代电子检测技术正朝着高集成度、低功耗、可编程以及数字化的方向发展,传统的指针式温度指示器已经跟不上社会的发展需求。
国内外在便携式温度测量仪这方面的研究及应用相当多,便携式电子设备的重要指标之一就是低功耗,低功耗是国际上节能和绿色环保的要求,是全球化的热潮。但现有智能便携式测温仪功耗基本都在180μW以上,而且精度比较低,价格比较高。
本论文研究了一种超低功耗智能便携式温度测量仪,该测温仪采用热电阻传感器PT1000,16位高集成度、超低功耗单片机MSP430F4250,实现对温度信号的采集和处理。本论文的主要工作有:
1)介绍了测温仪的概况以及降低便携式电子设备功耗的措施;
2)分析了单片机MSP430在超低功耗中的应用,选用合适的器件进行了超低功耗智能便携式温度测量仪的硬件电路设计:
a)分析了各类温度传感器特性,选用铂电阻PT1000作为温度传感器;
b)分析了A/D转换器的技术指标及类型,选用MSP430内部的SD16_A模块;
c)介绍了LCD显示器及LCD控制器:
d)单片机选用MSP430系列芯片中的MSP430F4250,熟悉该单片机内部资源,设计出硬件电路;
3)对系统进行了理论分析,包括系统功耗、精度、电阻采样以及铂电阻的非线性补偿计算;
4)对超低功耗智能便携式温度测量仪进行了软件设计:
a)超低功耗:选择合适的算法,软件的优化,保证系统低功耗;
b)温度测量:介绍了AD采样的方法,保证AD采样精度以及AD值和电阻值之间的转换;
c)铂电阻的非线性处理:分析了几种类型的非线性处理方法,选用电阻等分非线性处理方法,计算对应温度值;
d)数字滤波算法的分析和选择,按键处理,以及LCD显示;
5)完成超低功耗便携式温度测量仪样机的试制,并对样机进行了性能测试,其中功耗测试采用软件方法,测试结果达到设计要求。
The temperature measurement is a very common and important measurement item in industry and agriculture production, modern science research and new technology development process. The modern electron detecting technology is developing toward the direction of high level of integration,low-power consumption, Programmable and digitallization. The tradition pointertype temperature indicator already cannot keep abreast with society's development need.
There already have quite many research and application of portable temperature measurement instrument inside and outside country. One of the important target for the portable electronic equipment is low power consumption, which is the demand of international energy conservation and green environmental protection, and is the globalized upsurge. But the existing intelligence portable temperature measurement instrument has the power consumption all above 180 uW, and the precision is comparatively low , the price is comparatively high.
What this paper research is the ultra low power consumption intelligence portable temperature measuring instrument, this temperature measuring instrument uses the thermal resistance sensor PT 1000,16 position high integration and ultra low power consumption monolithic integrated circuit MSP430F4250, achieve temperature signal gathering and processing. This paper's main work includes:
1) Introduced the general situation of TMI and the way to reduce the portable electronic equipment's power consumption;
2) Analyzes the monolithic integrated circuit MSP430's application in the ultra low-power consumption, selected the appropriate component to carry on the ultra low power consumption intelligence portable temperature measuring instrument's hardware circuit design:
a) Analyzes the characteristics of various types of temperature sensors, platinum resistance PT1000 use as a temperature sensor;
b) Analyzes the technical indicators and types of A/D converter , selected SD16_A module in MSP430;
c) Introduced LCD monitors and LCD controller;
d) Selected MSP430F4250, understand internal resources of the MCU ,and to design the hardware circuit;
3) Has carried on the theoretical analysis to the system, including system power consumption, precision, resistance sampling as well as platinum resistance nonlinear computation;
4) Has carried on the software design to intelligent and portable temperature measurement instrument with ultra-low power consumption:
a) Ultra low power consumption: Select the appropriate algorithms, software optimization, low power consumption to ensure the system;;
b) Temperature measurement: The AD sampling, guarantees between the AD sampling precision as well as the AD value and the resistance value transformation;
c) Non-linear processing for platinum resistance:analyzes several types of non-linear approach,select the resistance equal portions to calculate the corresponding temperature value;
d) Analysis and selection of digital filter algorithm, key processing, as well as the LCD display.
5) Completes prototype's production of the intelligent and portable temperature measurement instrument with ultra-low power consumption, and tests performance of the prototype, power tests using the software method, the test results meet the design requirements.
国内外在便携式温度测量仪这方面的研究及应用相当多,便携式电子设备的重要指标之一就是低功耗,低功耗是国际上节能和绿色环保的要求,是全球化的热潮。但现有智能便携式测温仪功耗基本都在180μW以上,而且精度比较低,价格比较高。
本论文研究了一种超低功耗智能便携式温度测量仪,该测温仪采用热电阻传感器PT1000,16位高集成度、超低功耗单片机MSP430F4250,实现对温度信号的采集和处理。本论文的主要工作有:
1)介绍了测温仪的概况以及降低便携式电子设备功耗的措施;
2)分析了单片机MSP430在超低功耗中的应用,选用合适的器件进行了超低功耗智能便携式温度测量仪的硬件电路设计:
a)分析了各类温度传感器特性,选用铂电阻PT1000作为温度传感器;
b)分析了A/D转换器的技术指标及类型,选用MSP430内部的SD16_A模块;
c)介绍了LCD显示器及LCD控制器:
d)单片机选用MSP430系列芯片中的MSP430F4250,熟悉该单片机内部资源,设计出硬件电路;
3)对系统进行了理论分析,包括系统功耗、精度、电阻采样以及铂电阻的非线性补偿计算;
4)对超低功耗智能便携式温度测量仪进行了软件设计:
a)超低功耗:选择合适的算法,软件的优化,保证系统低功耗;
b)温度测量:介绍了AD采样的方法,保证AD采样精度以及AD值和电阻值之间的转换;
c)铂电阻的非线性处理:分析了几种类型的非线性处理方法,选用电阻等分非线性处理方法,计算对应温度值;
d)数字滤波算法的分析和选择,按键处理,以及LCD显示;
5)完成超低功耗便携式温度测量仪样机的试制,并对样机进行了性能测试,其中功耗测试采用软件方法,测试结果达到设计要求。
The temperature measurement is a very common and important measurement item in industry and agriculture production, modern science research and new technology development process. The modern electron detecting technology is developing toward the direction of high level of integration,low-power consumption, Programmable and digitallization. The tradition pointertype temperature indicator already cannot keep abreast with society's development need.
There already have quite many research and application of portable temperature measurement instrument inside and outside country. One of the important target for the portable electronic equipment is low power consumption, which is the demand of international energy conservation and green environmental protection, and is the globalized upsurge. But the existing intelligence portable temperature measurement instrument has the power consumption all above 180 uW, and the precision is comparatively low , the price is comparatively high.
What this paper research is the ultra low power consumption intelligence portable temperature measuring instrument, this temperature measuring instrument uses the thermal resistance sensor PT 1000,16 position high integration and ultra low power consumption monolithic integrated circuit MSP430F4250, achieve temperature signal gathering and processing. This paper's main work includes:
1) Introduced the general situation of TMI and the way to reduce the portable electronic equipment's power consumption;
2) Analyzes the monolithic integrated circuit MSP430's application in the ultra low-power consumption, selected the appropriate component to carry on the ultra low power consumption intelligence portable temperature measuring instrument's hardware circuit design:
a) Analyzes the characteristics of various types of temperature sensors, platinum resistance PT1000 use as a temperature sensor;
b) Analyzes the technical indicators and types of A/D converter , selected SD16_A module in MSP430;
c) Introduced LCD monitors and LCD controller;
d) Selected MSP430F4250, understand internal resources of the MCU ,and to design the hardware circuit;
3) Has carried on the theoretical analysis to the system, including system power consumption, precision, resistance sampling as well as platinum resistance nonlinear computation;
4) Has carried on the software design to intelligent and portable temperature measurement instrument with ultra-low power consumption:
a) Ultra low power consumption: Select the appropriate algorithms, software optimization, low power consumption to ensure the system;;
b) Temperature measurement: The AD sampling, guarantees between the AD sampling precision as well as the AD value and the resistance value transformation;
c) Non-linear processing for platinum resistance:analyzes several types of non-linear approach,select the resistance equal portions to calculate the corresponding temperature value;
d) Analysis and selection of digital filter algorithm, key processing, as well as the LCD display.
5) Completes prototype's production of the intelligent and portable temperature measurement instrument with ultra-low power consumption, and tests performance of the prototype, power tests using the software method, the test results meet the design requirements.
引文
[1]尚振东 张勇.智能仪器工程设计.西安:西安电子科技大学出版社,2008.3
[2]张建波 韩崧.浅谈温度测量的发展现状.计量与测试技术.2000.29(2)
[3]陈伟彬 凌志浩.仪器仪表发展的新技术及其特征.自动化信息,2004,(7):16-21
[4]孙德银.基于单片机系统的多功能温度测量仪的研制:[学位论文].辽宁:东北大学,2006
[5]徐健.基于MSP430的平衡式温度计的研制:[学位论文].安徽:合肥工业大学,2007
[6]默少丽 邓鹏.基于MSP430的低功耗便携式测温仪设计.电子工程师,2008,34(3):18-20
[7]尚振东 张勇.智能仪器工程设计.西安:西安电子科技大学出版社,2008.33
[8]程国阳.使用CMOS集成电路需注意的几个问题.电子制作,2003,(10):52-53
[9]程国阳.CMOS集成电路简介.无线电,1998,(7):42-43
[10]钱承山.一种多用途低功耗检测系统的设计及其应用的研究:[学位论文].山东.山东科技大学,2003
[11]刘常澍.数字逻辑电路.北京:国防工业出版社,2002.66-80
[12]许丽佳.单片机便携式系统的低功耗设计方法.信息技术,2002,26(12):55-71
[13]鲁荣清.论便携式智能设备的低功耗设计.电子科技大学学报,1995,24(3):291-23
[14]周胜海黄文霞.便携式智能仪器仪表的低功耗设计.微计算机信息,2003,19(7)62-63
[15]凌志浩.智能仪表原理与设计技术.上海:华东理工大学出版社,2003.5
[16]沈建华 杨艳琴.MSP430系列16位超低功耗单片机原理与实践.北京:北京航空航天大学出版社.2008.1-7
[17]黄贤武 郑筱霞.传感器原理与应用.成都:电子科技大学出版社,1999.101-105
[18]CROVINI L.ACTIS A.COGGIOLA G.et al.Accurate thermometry by means of industrial platinum resistance thermometers.Measurement., 1992.10(1)31-38.
[19]喻秉文.1990国际温标一热电偶、热电阻应用手册[M].北京:机械工业部.1996:110-122
[20]WANG Hongping.A fitting method settmd for the thermocouple characteristic curve with cardinal spline.Instrument technique and sensor,2000(lO):33-35
[21]赵红梅 米启超.WZP型铂电阻温度传感器Pt1000信号的线性化处理.电子技术应用,2008.31(5).169-170
[22]金捷.检测技术.北京:清华大学出版社,2005.183-186
[23]肖忠祥.数据采集原理.西安:西北工业大学出版社,2001.78-90
[24]Texaslnstruments.SLAS455D-MARCH/2005-REVISED-APRIL/2007.MSP430F 42x0 MIXED SIGNAL MICROCONTROLLER.www.ti.com:Texas Instruments IncorporatedTexas Instruments,2007
[25]John Cramer岳云.LCD在无线/便携式设备中的应用.今日电子,2001,(7):21-22
[26]李东生.protel 99SE电路设计技术入门与应用.北京:电子工业出版社,2002.38-65
[27]李亚寅 张晶.锂一次电池的新发展--锂-二氧化锰电池.中国电子商情:基础电子,2007,(8):66-67
[28]王长友 张丽芳 吴化柱 李治讯.铂电阻数字测温仪表的最佳设计方案.大连交通大学学报,2008,28(4):46-51
[29]韩启纲.智能仪表原理与使用维修.北京:中国计量出版社,2002.22-24,210-213
[30]林占江.电子测量技术.北京:电子工业出版社,2003.1-40
[2]张建波 韩崧.浅谈温度测量的发展现状.计量与测试技术.2000.29(2)
[3]陈伟彬 凌志浩.仪器仪表发展的新技术及其特征.自动化信息,2004,(7):16-21
[4]孙德银.基于单片机系统的多功能温度测量仪的研制:[学位论文].辽宁:东北大学,2006
[5]徐健.基于MSP430的平衡式温度计的研制:[学位论文].安徽:合肥工业大学,2007
[6]默少丽 邓鹏.基于MSP430的低功耗便携式测温仪设计.电子工程师,2008,34(3):18-20
[7]尚振东 张勇.智能仪器工程设计.西安:西安电子科技大学出版社,2008.33
[8]程国阳.使用CMOS集成电路需注意的几个问题.电子制作,2003,(10):52-53
[9]程国阳.CMOS集成电路简介.无线电,1998,(7):42-43
[10]钱承山.一种多用途低功耗检测系统的设计及其应用的研究:[学位论文].山东.山东科技大学,2003
[11]刘常澍.数字逻辑电路.北京:国防工业出版社,2002.66-80
[12]许丽佳.单片机便携式系统的低功耗设计方法.信息技术,2002,26(12):55-71
[13]鲁荣清.论便携式智能设备的低功耗设计.电子科技大学学报,1995,24(3):291-23
[14]周胜海黄文霞.便携式智能仪器仪表的低功耗设计.微计算机信息,2003,19(7)62-63
[15]凌志浩.智能仪表原理与设计技术.上海:华东理工大学出版社,2003.5
[16]沈建华 杨艳琴.MSP430系列16位超低功耗单片机原理与实践.北京:北京航空航天大学出版社.2008.1-7
[17]黄贤武 郑筱霞.传感器原理与应用.成都:电子科技大学出版社,1999.101-105
[18]CROVINI L.ACTIS A.COGGIOLA G.et al.Accurate thermometry by means of industrial platinum resistance thermometers.Measurement., 1992.10(1)31-38.
[19]喻秉文.1990国际温标一热电偶、热电阻应用手册[M].北京:机械工业部.1996:110-122
[20]WANG Hongping.A fitting method settmd for the thermocouple characteristic curve with cardinal spline.Instrument technique and sensor,2000(lO):33-35
[21]赵红梅 米启超.WZP型铂电阻温度传感器Pt1000信号的线性化处理.电子技术应用,2008.31(5).169-170
[22]金捷.检测技术.北京:清华大学出版社,2005.183-186
[23]肖忠祥.数据采集原理.西安:西北工业大学出版社,2001.78-90
[24]Texaslnstruments.SLAS455D-MARCH/2005-REVISED-APRIL/2007.MSP430F 42x0 MIXED SIGNAL MICROCONTROLLER.www.ti.com:Texas Instruments IncorporatedTexas Instruments,2007
[25]John Cramer岳云.LCD在无线/便携式设备中的应用.今日电子,2001,(7):21-22
[26]李东生.protel 99SE电路设计技术入门与应用.北京:电子工业出版社,2002.38-65
[27]李亚寅 张晶.锂一次电池的新发展--锂-二氧化锰电池.中国电子商情:基础电子,2007,(8):66-67
[28]王长友 张丽芳 吴化柱 李治讯.铂电阻数字测温仪表的最佳设计方案.大连交通大学学报,2008,28(4):46-51
[29]韩启纲.智能仪表原理与使用维修.北京:中国计量出版社,2002.22-24,210-213
[30]林占江.电子测量技术.北京:电子工业出版社,2003.1-40