电化学—生物法处理ABS废水技术及其机理研究
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摘要
本文针对ABS生产废水处理工艺现状及其在处理中存在的问题,结合ABS生产废水水质成分复杂、毒性大、COD_(Cr)值高、可生化性差等特点,提出了“电化学-生物法耦合工艺”,并以某ABS生产废水为对象进行了试验研究。通过现场调研,对ABS生产环节中各个节点水质进行详实分析,并根据现场水质实际情况制定试验方案,设计试验装置。
本文首先采用电-Fenton方法对ABS生产废水中的2种特征污染物(苯乙酮、丙烯腈)进行降解试验,进行降解机理分析。其次研究了生物活性炭(BAC)在处理ABS生产废水中的应用,分析其降解机理。最后,将电化学与生物法耦合为一体,研究了电化学-生物法对ABS生产废水处理效果与降解机理。
试验结果表明,电-Fenton法对苯乙酮、丙烯腈2种特征污染物的处理效果较好。电解3 h后,苯乙酮、丙烯腈的去除率分别为98.8%、100%,两者COD_(Cr)的去除率分别为58.7%,57.8%。苯乙酮的紫外光谱分析及污染物跟踪监测结果表明,电-Fenton法可以破坏苯乙酮分子中的苯环结构,将其部分转化为其他有机物,废水COD_(Cr)明显下降。
生物活性炭法处理ABS生产废水,反应3 h后COD_(Cr)去除率达到74.1%,BOD_5/COD_(Cr)值由0.27提高到0.41。电化学-生物法试验中,反应3 h后5 V、10 V、15 V电压下COD_(Cr)去除率分别为76.4%、75.0%、58.1%,BOD_5/COD_(Cr)值由0.27分别提高到0.46、0.34、0.28。在4种不同电压下的试验中,同样采用了三维荧光图谱和UV-vis图谱分析,得出该试验在反应初期效果显著,随后有机物含量不断下降,但去除效果明显不如初期。反应3 h后,GC-MS检测出水质中的残余成分,其中5 V和0 V电压下的产物大多为毒性较小的低聚物,10 V和15 V电压下产物的化学结构比5 V和0 V电压下产物的化学结构复杂。说明电压对微生物有双重作用,电压过高抑制微生物生长,从而影响处理效果;适当的电压不仅能促进微生物生长,而且对难降解有机物有较好的处理效果。
Electrochemistry-biology coupling technology was proposed in this paper, in order to problems occurred during the treatment of ABS production wastewater, toxicity, and whose composition was complex, COD_(Cr) was high, and biodegradability was poor. Experimental device and experimental program were developed based on the water conditions, which was obtained by site investigations and analysis of water quality. Two typical pollutants in ABS production wastewater, including acetophenone and acrylonitrile, were treated by Electro-Fenton, and degradation mechanism was analyzed. Furthermore, the use of BAC in ABS production wastewater treatment was studied, and degradation mechanism was also analyzed. And finally, the effect and mechanism of electrochemistry-biology coupling technology in the treatment of ABS wastewater was also studied.
Results showed that the effect of Electro-Fenton to acetophenone and acrylonitrile comparatively good. The removal efficiency of acetophenone and acrylonitrile were 98.8% and 100%, and the removal efficiency of COD_(Cr) were 58.7% , 57.8%, respectively after 3-h electrolysis. The typical pollutant of acetophenone analyzed by three-dimensional fluorescence pattern and UV-vis showed that the degradation of acetophenone followed the removal of COD_(Cr) .We can get the intermediate products by GC-MS analysis.
While treated by BAC, the removal efficiency of COD_(Cr) was 71.4%, and the value of BOD_5/COD_(Cr) increased from 0.27 to 0.41 after 3 hours. And during the electrochemistry-biology coupling process, the removal efficiency of COD_(Cr) were 76.4%, 75.0% and 58.1%, and BOD_5/COD_(Cr) value increased from 0.27 to 0.46, 0.34 and 0.28, under the voltage of 5V, 10V and 15V, respectively, after 3 hours. It could be inferred from the results that high voltage would inhibit the microbial growth, so the effect was bad, but the high voltage was effective for the persistent organic pollutants. While appropriate voltage promote the growth of microorganisms, so the result was better. In four different voltages trials, three-dimensional fluorescence pattern and UV-vis showed that the effect was remarkable initially. The GC-MS analysis showed that the residual elements of water quality after 3 h was different by different voltage. The residual elements of 0V and 5V were lower toxicity oligomer.But the residual elements undet the voltage of 10 V and 15 V were certain harm and contained the chains of benzene especially 15 V.
本文首先采用电-Fenton方法对ABS生产废水中的2种特征污染物(苯乙酮、丙烯腈)进行降解试验,进行降解机理分析。其次研究了生物活性炭(BAC)在处理ABS生产废水中的应用,分析其降解机理。最后,将电化学与生物法耦合为一体,研究了电化学-生物法对ABS生产废水处理效果与降解机理。
试验结果表明,电-Fenton法对苯乙酮、丙烯腈2种特征污染物的处理效果较好。电解3 h后,苯乙酮、丙烯腈的去除率分别为98.8%、100%,两者COD_(Cr)的去除率分别为58.7%,57.8%。苯乙酮的紫外光谱分析及污染物跟踪监测结果表明,电-Fenton法可以破坏苯乙酮分子中的苯环结构,将其部分转化为其他有机物,废水COD_(Cr)明显下降。
生物活性炭法处理ABS生产废水,反应3 h后COD_(Cr)去除率达到74.1%,BOD_5/COD_(Cr)值由0.27提高到0.41。电化学-生物法试验中,反应3 h后5 V、10 V、15 V电压下COD_(Cr)去除率分别为76.4%、75.0%、58.1%,BOD_5/COD_(Cr)值由0.27分别提高到0.46、0.34、0.28。在4种不同电压下的试验中,同样采用了三维荧光图谱和UV-vis图谱分析,得出该试验在反应初期效果显著,随后有机物含量不断下降,但去除效果明显不如初期。反应3 h后,GC-MS检测出水质中的残余成分,其中5 V和0 V电压下的产物大多为毒性较小的低聚物,10 V和15 V电压下产物的化学结构比5 V和0 V电压下产物的化学结构复杂。说明电压对微生物有双重作用,电压过高抑制微生物生长,从而影响处理效果;适当的电压不仅能促进微生物生长,而且对难降解有机物有较好的处理效果。
Electrochemistry-biology coupling technology was proposed in this paper, in order to problems occurred during the treatment of ABS production wastewater, toxicity, and whose composition was complex, COD_(Cr) was high, and biodegradability was poor. Experimental device and experimental program were developed based on the water conditions, which was obtained by site investigations and analysis of water quality. Two typical pollutants in ABS production wastewater, including acetophenone and acrylonitrile, were treated by Electro-Fenton, and degradation mechanism was analyzed. Furthermore, the use of BAC in ABS production wastewater treatment was studied, and degradation mechanism was also analyzed. And finally, the effect and mechanism of electrochemistry-biology coupling technology in the treatment of ABS wastewater was also studied.
Results showed that the effect of Electro-Fenton to acetophenone and acrylonitrile comparatively good. The removal efficiency of acetophenone and acrylonitrile were 98.8% and 100%, and the removal efficiency of COD_(Cr) were 58.7% , 57.8%, respectively after 3-h electrolysis. The typical pollutant of acetophenone analyzed by three-dimensional fluorescence pattern and UV-vis showed that the degradation of acetophenone followed the removal of COD_(Cr) .We can get the intermediate products by GC-MS analysis.
While treated by BAC, the removal efficiency of COD_(Cr) was 71.4%, and the value of BOD_5/COD_(Cr) increased from 0.27 to 0.41 after 3 hours. And during the electrochemistry-biology coupling process, the removal efficiency of COD_(Cr) were 76.4%, 75.0% and 58.1%, and BOD_5/COD_(Cr) value increased from 0.27 to 0.46, 0.34 and 0.28, under the voltage of 5V, 10V and 15V, respectively, after 3 hours. It could be inferred from the results that high voltage would inhibit the microbial growth, so the effect was bad, but the high voltage was effective for the persistent organic pollutants. While appropriate voltage promote the growth of microorganisms, so the result was better. In four different voltages trials, three-dimensional fluorescence pattern and UV-vis showed that the effect was remarkable initially. The GC-MS analysis showed that the residual elements of water quality after 3 h was different by different voltage. The residual elements of 0V and 5V were lower toxicity oligomer.But the residual elements undet the voltage of 10 V and 15 V were certain harm and contained the chains of benzene especially 15 V.
引文
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