ABS动态模拟实验台基础研究及结构设计
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摘要
随着汽车行驶车速的提高及人们对道路交通安全的日益重视,ABS系统在汽车上的装车率逐步提高,随之而来的问题是如何对ABS系统的工作性能进行台架实验,以确保其发挥应有的作用。
论文通过详尽的市场调查并在综合研究汽车ABS系统工作原理以及道路测试方法的基础上,提出了ABS动态模拟实验台设计方案,该实验台能够为ABS系统提供较为真实的模拟工作条件,并针对其工作性能进行动态实验。论文在详细研究ABS系统的理论基础、结构及控制原理的基础上,分析了ABS系统的各种测试方法及其优、缺点;提出了ABS动态模拟实验台方案,完成了动态模拟的理论推导、仿真工作及可行性论证;以磁粉离合器作为控制元件实现了在ABS作用下汽车制动过程的台架动态模拟,将汽车制动时车轮与地面之间的运动关系通过磁粉离合器的主、从动转子的转动关系表现出来,便于ABS各项性能的测试;提出了惯性模拟系统的优化设计方案,并考虑了其临界转速和动平衡问题的处理;完成了ABS动态模拟实验台的电机选型、电机驱动、框架结构设计和设备安装调试工作。
初步调查表明,目前国内还没有类似本实验台的相关设备及专利,所以本论文所设计的实验台具有一定的先进性,对于ABS控制器的研发和汽车厂商对ABS的初步检测和选用具有很好的指导意义,从而可以有效的改善我国的公路交通安全状况。
With the constantly boosting vehicle speed and the increasingly attention to road traffic condition, more and more vehicle have equipped anti-lock braking system, and now the question is how to test the large number of ABS, this is an exigent problem for domestic vehicle test calling.
This dissertation designs an ABS test stand on the basis of synthetically researching the work principium of automobile ABS and the road test measures. The test stand can accurately test the performance of ABS. The construction design has adequately considered the condition of domestic vehicle.
This dissertation detailedly introduces ABS' theory base, construction and control principle; analyses different test measures, merit and defect of each measure; puts forward the test stand test measure, finished educing the theory, demonstrates the feasibility of ABS' performance test on the test stand; selects the powder clutch as the key component, realizes the dynamical simulation of vehicle brake process controlled by ABS, exhibits the movement relation between wheel and road surface during braking process by the active rotor and driven rotor of torque controller, and this is helpful to test the slippage rate of ABS; put forwarded a set of feasible optimization and combination schemes of assembled flywheel system’s moment of inertia and balancing; finished motor selection and its driver; finished the construction and design of ABS test stand.
According to the primary survey, there is no domestic production and patent about the test stand we researched, so the test stand designed in this dissertation has definite superiority, it can solve the exigent problem of domestic vehicle test calling. It has important significances for the research of ABS controller, the selection of ABS controller, the vehicle test calling's development and the road traffic safety condition's improvement.
论文通过详尽的市场调查并在综合研究汽车ABS系统工作原理以及道路测试方法的基础上,提出了ABS动态模拟实验台设计方案,该实验台能够为ABS系统提供较为真实的模拟工作条件,并针对其工作性能进行动态实验。论文在详细研究ABS系统的理论基础、结构及控制原理的基础上,分析了ABS系统的各种测试方法及其优、缺点;提出了ABS动态模拟实验台方案,完成了动态模拟的理论推导、仿真工作及可行性论证;以磁粉离合器作为控制元件实现了在ABS作用下汽车制动过程的台架动态模拟,将汽车制动时车轮与地面之间的运动关系通过磁粉离合器的主、从动转子的转动关系表现出来,便于ABS各项性能的测试;提出了惯性模拟系统的优化设计方案,并考虑了其临界转速和动平衡问题的处理;完成了ABS动态模拟实验台的电机选型、电机驱动、框架结构设计和设备安装调试工作。
初步调查表明,目前国内还没有类似本实验台的相关设备及专利,所以本论文所设计的实验台具有一定的先进性,对于ABS控制器的研发和汽车厂商对ABS的初步检测和选用具有很好的指导意义,从而可以有效的改善我国的公路交通安全状况。
With the constantly boosting vehicle speed and the increasingly attention to road traffic condition, more and more vehicle have equipped anti-lock braking system, and now the question is how to test the large number of ABS, this is an exigent problem for domestic vehicle test calling.
This dissertation designs an ABS test stand on the basis of synthetically researching the work principium of automobile ABS and the road test measures. The test stand can accurately test the performance of ABS. The construction design has adequately considered the condition of domestic vehicle.
This dissertation detailedly introduces ABS' theory base, construction and control principle; analyses different test measures, merit and defect of each measure; puts forward the test stand test measure, finished educing the theory, demonstrates the feasibility of ABS' performance test on the test stand; selects the powder clutch as the key component, realizes the dynamical simulation of vehicle brake process controlled by ABS, exhibits the movement relation between wheel and road surface during braking process by the active rotor and driven rotor of torque controller, and this is helpful to test the slippage rate of ABS; put forwarded a set of feasible optimization and combination schemes of assembled flywheel system’s moment of inertia and balancing; finished motor selection and its driver; finished the construction and design of ABS test stand.
According to the primary survey, there is no domestic production and patent about the test stand we researched, so the test stand designed in this dissertation has definite superiority, it can solve the exigent problem of domestic vehicle test calling. It has important significances for the research of ABS controller, the selection of ABS controller, the vehicle test calling's development and the road traffic safety condition's improvement.
引文
[1]陈友谊.汽车ABS台架检测方法研究[J].武汉科技大学学报:2007,(3):270-271.
[2]常明顺.汽车ABS性能检测系统的研究[D].吉林:吉林大学(硕士学位论文),2005:10-12.
[3]于坤炎,马洪文.现代轿车制动防抱死系统构造原理与检修[M].北京:北京理工大学出版社,1999:1-9.
[4]国家技术监督局.GB13594-2000.机动车和挂车的防抱制动系统性能和试验方法[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2000.
[5]徐志生.汽车理论[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2005:80-100.
[6]国家技术监督局.QC/T564-1999.轿车制动器台架试验方法[S].北京:中国标准出版社,1999.
[7]国家技术监督局.QC/T479-1999.货车、客车制动器台架试验方法[S].北京:中国标准出版社,1999.
[8] DAVID W H, GEORGE E H. The antilock braking system anomaly: a drinking driver problem [J]. Accident Analysis &Prevention, 2002, 10(34):333-34.
[9]刘建房.汽车ABS动态试验台的开发设计[J].重庆大学学报,2006,(3):73-76.
[10]林秀君.汽车ABS检测试验台机械系统设计方案[J].广东工业大学学报,2006,(4):100-102.
[11]林旭群.大飞轮加工工艺[J].机电工程学报,2006,(2):112-114.
[12]淮良贵,纪名刚.机械设计[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2001:211-225.
[13]申永胜.机械原理教程[M].北京:清华大学出版社,1999:330-332.
[14]朱晓锦.汽车同步器试验系统机械惯量电模拟研究与实现[J].汽车工程,2001,(2):134-136.
[15] JOB V A. Mechanical design [J]. Mechanical, 2003, 2(24):385-390.
[16] DECKER H, WREDE J. A proposal for classification of electronically controlled braking system for commercial vehicle [J]. XI International Heavy Vehicle Conference, Budapest, 1994, 4(30):33-36.
[17] LANWENT Q. Antilock Safety—brakes required on heavy trucks and trailers [J]. Traffic Professional, 1995, 10(40):255-259.
[18]张为公.汽车台架试验系统机械惯量电模拟方法[J].汽车工程.1998,20(5):312-316.
[19] YORIKALSU SUZIKI, KEN TORIKAI. High accuracy high response 48 inch roll chassis dynamometers [J]. SAE paper. 1994, 5(12):120-124.
[20]陈其志.摩托车ABS试验台研制及试验研究[D].武汉:武汉理工大学(硕士学位论文),2005:31-33.
[21]杨建华.动平衡机测试原理[J].烟台职业学院学报.2006,(1):56-58.
[22]邹惠君.机械原理[M].北京:高等教育出版社,1999:218-219.
[23] JAMES N H. Direct Torque Control, Induction Motor Vector Control Without an Encoder. IEEE transaction on In.A,1998, 25(2):140-145.
[24] MOHANETAL N. Simulation of power electronics and motion control system [J]. Proceeding of the IEEE, 1994, 12(3): 1028-1037.
[25]陈伯时.交流调速系统[M].北京:机械工业出版社,1998:43-45.
[26] PARK C W, KWON W H. Simple and robust speed senseless vector control of induction motor using stator current based MRAC [J]. Electric Power Systems Research, 2004, 6(71): 257-266.
[27]孟睿.对SPWM变频调速系统综合方案的进一步探讨[J].电气传动,2000,1(1):21-23.
[28]黎芳.交流调速系统的模式智能控制系统[J].电气传动,1998,10(2):42-44.
[29] PENG F Z, FUKAO T. Robust speed identification for speed senseless vector control of induction motors [J]. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, 1995, 30(5): 1234-1244.
[30] YU Z Y, FIGOLI D. AC induction motor control using constant v/hz principle and space vector PWM technique with TMS320C2407 [J]. Texas Instruments application report, SPRA284A: 187-200.
[31]刘建朋,刘建辉.基于TMS320F2407的交流变频调速系统[J].微计算机信息,2004,20(2):43-44.
[32]张燕宾.SPWM变频调速应用技术[M].第二版.北京:机械工业出版社,2002:51-77.
[33]王晓明,王玲.电动机的DSP控制[M].北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2005:100-108.
[34]国家技术监督局.GB/T 702-2004.热轧圆钢和方钢尺寸、外形、重量及允许偏差[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2004.
[35]国家技术监督局.JB/7974-1999.中华人民共和国机械行业标准[S].北京:中国标准出版社,1999.
[36]孟嗣宗,崔艳萍.现代汽车防抱死制动系统和驱动力控制系统[M].北京:北京理工大学出版社,1997:1-54.
[37]舒华,姚国平.汽车电子控制技术[M].北京:人民交通出版社,2002:252-269.
[38]傅忠森.汽车电子控制装置[M].北京:中国劳动出版社,1999:218-231.
[39]施毅.基于计算机测控的汽车ABS台架试验系统的研制[J].公路交通科技,2006,1(12):147-150.
[40]秦文虎.基于多维轮力测量的车辆ABS评价系统研究与工程实现[D].南京:东南大学(博士学位论文),2005:49-53.
[2]常明顺.汽车ABS性能检测系统的研究[D].吉林:吉林大学(硕士学位论文),2005:10-12.
[3]于坤炎,马洪文.现代轿车制动防抱死系统构造原理与检修[M].北京:北京理工大学出版社,1999:1-9.
[4]国家技术监督局.GB13594-2000.机动车和挂车的防抱制动系统性能和试验方法[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2000.
[5]徐志生.汽车理论[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2005:80-100.
[6]国家技术监督局.QC/T564-1999.轿车制动器台架试验方法[S].北京:中国标准出版社,1999.
[7]国家技术监督局.QC/T479-1999.货车、客车制动器台架试验方法[S].北京:中国标准出版社,1999.
[8] DAVID W H, GEORGE E H. The antilock braking system anomaly: a drinking driver problem [J]. Accident Analysis &Prevention, 2002, 10(34):333-34.
[9]刘建房.汽车ABS动态试验台的开发设计[J].重庆大学学报,2006,(3):73-76.
[10]林秀君.汽车ABS检测试验台机械系统设计方案[J].广东工业大学学报,2006,(4):100-102.
[11]林旭群.大飞轮加工工艺[J].机电工程学报,2006,(2):112-114.
[12]淮良贵,纪名刚.机械设计[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2001:211-225.
[13]申永胜.机械原理教程[M].北京:清华大学出版社,1999:330-332.
[14]朱晓锦.汽车同步器试验系统机械惯量电模拟研究与实现[J].汽车工程,2001,(2):134-136.
[15] JOB V A. Mechanical design [J]. Mechanical, 2003, 2(24):385-390.
[16] DECKER H, WREDE J. A proposal for classification of electronically controlled braking system for commercial vehicle [J]. XI International Heavy Vehicle Conference, Budapest, 1994, 4(30):33-36.
[17] LANWENT Q. Antilock Safety—brakes required on heavy trucks and trailers [J]. Traffic Professional, 1995, 10(40):255-259.
[18]张为公.汽车台架试验系统机械惯量电模拟方法[J].汽车工程.1998,20(5):312-316.
[19] YORIKALSU SUZIKI, KEN TORIKAI. High accuracy high response 48 inch roll chassis dynamometers [J]. SAE paper. 1994, 5(12):120-124.
[20]陈其志.摩托车ABS试验台研制及试验研究[D].武汉:武汉理工大学(硕士学位论文),2005:31-33.
[21]杨建华.动平衡机测试原理[J].烟台职业学院学报.2006,(1):56-58.
[22]邹惠君.机械原理[M].北京:高等教育出版社,1999:218-219.
[23] JAMES N H. Direct Torque Control, Induction Motor Vector Control Without an Encoder. IEEE transaction on In.A,1998, 25(2):140-145.
[24] MOHANETAL N. Simulation of power electronics and motion control system [J]. Proceeding of the IEEE, 1994, 12(3): 1028-1037.
[25]陈伯时.交流调速系统[M].北京:机械工业出版社,1998:43-45.
[26] PARK C W, KWON W H. Simple and robust speed senseless vector control of induction motor using stator current based MRAC [J]. Electric Power Systems Research, 2004, 6(71): 257-266.
[27]孟睿.对SPWM变频调速系统综合方案的进一步探讨[J].电气传动,2000,1(1):21-23.
[28]黎芳.交流调速系统的模式智能控制系统[J].电气传动,1998,10(2):42-44.
[29] PENG F Z, FUKAO T. Robust speed identification for speed senseless vector control of induction motors [J]. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, 1995, 30(5): 1234-1244.
[30] YU Z Y, FIGOLI D. AC induction motor control using constant v/hz principle and space vector PWM technique with TMS320C2407 [J]. Texas Instruments application report, SPRA284A: 187-200.
[31]刘建朋,刘建辉.基于TMS320F2407的交流变频调速系统[J].微计算机信息,2004,20(2):43-44.
[32]张燕宾.SPWM变频调速应用技术[M].第二版.北京:机械工业出版社,2002:51-77.
[33]王晓明,王玲.电动机的DSP控制[M].北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2005:100-108.
[34]国家技术监督局.GB/T 702-2004.热轧圆钢和方钢尺寸、外形、重量及允许偏差[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2004.
[35]国家技术监督局.JB/7974-1999.中华人民共和国机械行业标准[S].北京:中国标准出版社,1999.
[36]孟嗣宗,崔艳萍.现代汽车防抱死制动系统和驱动力控制系统[M].北京:北京理工大学出版社,1997:1-54.
[37]舒华,姚国平.汽车电子控制技术[M].北京:人民交通出版社,2002:252-269.
[38]傅忠森.汽车电子控制装置[M].北京:中国劳动出版社,1999:218-231.
[39]施毅.基于计算机测控的汽车ABS台架试验系统的研制[J].公路交通科技,2006,1(12):147-150.
[40]秦文虎.基于多维轮力测量的车辆ABS评价系统研究与工程实现[D].南京:东南大学(博士学位论文),2005:49-53.