新型宽带电磁偶极子微带天线的研究
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摘要
现代移动通信服务比如2G、3G、LTE、Wifi和Wimax等大大提高了对宽带单向性天线的需求,同时对天线的性能也提出了很高的要求,比如较宽的阻抗匹配带宽,较小的交叉极化,工作频带内稳定的增益和方向图,低廉的制作成本。2006年,Luk等提出了一种新型宽频带天线单元——电磁偶极子微带天线。该天线实现了43.8%(SWR≤1.5)的阻抗匹配带宽,具有稳定的辐射方向图,非常小的交叉极化和尾瓣辐射。工作频段内增益稳定,E面和H面的方向图几乎重合。
在研究上述论文及相关文献的基础上,本论文首先扩展了其工作带宽,提出了E型宽带电磁偶极子微带天线,相继设计了宽带电磁偶极子微带天线,双频宽带电磁偶极子微带天线和双频双极化宽带电磁偶极子微带天线。
本文的创新点如下：
1、提出了一种E型宽带电磁偶极子天线。对传统的r型馈线进行改进,创造性地提出了阶梯状馈线,提高了调节天线阻抗匹配的灵活程度。通过改进贴片结构和设计新的馈线,天线实现了60%(SWR≤1.5)的阻抗匹配带宽,方向图保持了良好的单向性,具有稳定的增益和很低的交叉极化。
2、提出了一种新型宽带电磁偶极子天线。该天线相对工作带宽达到107%(SWR-<2),工作在2.3GHz～7.56GHz。为了改善天线增益和方向图,在底板周围添加了金属围栏,这种电偶极子和磁偶极子相结合的互补型天线在整个工作带宽内具有稳定的增益,方向图保持了较好的一致性,交叉极化和尾瓣辐射都很低。
3、提出了一种新型双频宽带电磁偶极子天线。该天线在低频段和高频段分别实现了34%和49.5%(SWR≤2)的相对带宽,低频段工作在0.78GHz～1.1GHz,高频段工作在1.58GHz～2.62GHz。这种设计在两个频段同时实现了稳定的增益,方向图保持了良好的对称性和一致性。由于天线结构呈对称性设计,其交叉极化指标很低。该天线主要覆盖了2G、3G、LTE、Wifi和Wimax等移动通信频段,能够满足多种移动通信系统基站天线的需求。
4、提出了一种新型双频双极化宽带电磁偶极子天线。对传统的r型馈线进行改进,创造性地提出了适用于双频双极化宽带电磁偶极子天线的F型馈线结构,可以同时激励上下两层贴片。通过设计新的天线结构和馈线形式,在原有电磁偶极子贴片天线基础上实现了双频双极化功能。该天线在两个极化方向上低频段和高频段同时实现了0.75GHz～0.97GHz,1.73GHz～2.59GHz的带宽,相对带宽分别为25.5%和39.5%(SWR≤2),工作频带内两个端口隔离度指标小于-32dB。这种设计在高低频段的平均增益分别是4.3dBi和7.8dBi,具有稳定方向图指标和很低的交叉极化和尾瓣辐射。该天线主要覆盖了900MHz和1.8GHz附近的2G和3G移动通信频段,能够满足第二代和第三代移动通信系统基站天线的需求。
The tremendous growth of wireless communication services, such as the third generation (3G) mobile phone, Wi-Fi and Wi-Max, has led to increasing demand for wide-band unidirectional antennas that can accommodate several wireless communication systems with excellent electrical characteristics such as wide impedance bandwidth, low cross-polarization, low back-lobe radiation, symmetric radiation pattern, stable gain over the operating band and cost effectiveness. Recently, a wideband complementary antenna element, designated as the magneto-electric dipole, was proposed by Luk and Wong. The antenna has wide impedance bandwidth of43.8%(SWR≤1.5). Stable radiation pattern with low cross-polarization, low back-lobe radiation, nearly identical E-and H-plane patterns and a stable antenna gain is found across the entire operating bandwidth.
On the basis of the research above, firstly, we increase the bandwidth of the magneto-electric dipole micro-strip antenna, propose the E-shaped magneto-electric dipole antenna, and then design very wideband magneto-electric dipole antenna, wideband dualband magneto-electric antenna and dualband dual-polarized antenna continually.
The innovation points of the paper are listed below:
(1) A novel E-shaped wideband magneto-electric dipole antenna with a staircase-shaped feeding strip is presented. By modifying the patch and feeding strip, this antenna has realized wide impedance bandwidth of60%(SWR≤1.5). Stable unidirectional radiation patterns, low cross-polarization level and high average gain are achieved over the passband.
(2) A novel wideband magneto-electric dipole antenna is presented. This antenna achieves an impedance bandwidth of107%(SWR^2) from2.3GHz to7.56GHz. Due to the two complementary configuration of the antenna and the incorporation of a modified ground plane, the antenna has a stable broadside radiation pattern with low cross polarization and low back-lobe radiation over the operating band.
(3) A novel dual-band wideband unidirectional magneto-electric dipole antenna is presented. The proposed antenna has wide dualband impedance bandwidths of34%and49.5%(SWR≤2) in the lower and the upper bands, ranged from0.78GHz to1.1GHz and from1.58GHz to2.62GHz respectively. More importantly, the antenna has stable gains across each band, demonstrating the high stability of the radiation characteristic for the two radiation modes. The radiation patterns are symmetric, low back-lobe radiation and low cross-polarization. Because of these excellent features, the antenna should find wide applications in the modern2G、3G、LTE、Wifi、and Wimax wireless communication systems.
(4) A novel dual-band dual-polarized wideband magneto-electric dipole antenna excited by two F-shaped strips is presented. The F-shape feeding strip is designed to excite the two-layer antenna. The proposed antenna achieves a common impedance bandwidth of25.5%and39.5%(SWR≤2) in the lower and the upper bands at both input ports, ranged from0.75GHz to0.97GHz and from1.73GHz to2.59GHz respectively. The antenna has good performance in isolation, which is more than-32dB between the two input ports. The antenna has stable gain of average4.3dBi and7.8dBi in the lower and upper bands. It also has a stable broadside radiation pattern with low cross polarization and low back-lobe radiation over the operating band. Because of these excellent features, the antenna should find wide applications in the modern2G and3G wireless communication systems.
在研究上述论文及相关文献的基础上,本论文首先扩展了其工作带宽,提出了E型宽带电磁偶极子微带天线,相继设计了宽带电磁偶极子微带天线,双频宽带电磁偶极子微带天线和双频双极化宽带电磁偶极子微带天线。
本文的创新点如下：
1、提出了一种E型宽带电磁偶极子天线。对传统的r型馈线进行改进,创造性地提出了阶梯状馈线,提高了调节天线阻抗匹配的灵活程度。通过改进贴片结构和设计新的馈线,天线实现了60%(SWR≤1.5)的阻抗匹配带宽,方向图保持了良好的单向性,具有稳定的增益和很低的交叉极化。
2、提出了一种新型宽带电磁偶极子天线。该天线相对工作带宽达到107%(SWR-<2),工作在2.3GHz～7.56GHz。为了改善天线增益和方向图,在底板周围添加了金属围栏,这种电偶极子和磁偶极子相结合的互补型天线在整个工作带宽内具有稳定的增益,方向图保持了较好的一致性,交叉极化和尾瓣辐射都很低。
3、提出了一种新型双频宽带电磁偶极子天线。该天线在低频段和高频段分别实现了34%和49.5%(SWR≤2)的相对带宽,低频段工作在0.78GHz～1.1GHz,高频段工作在1.58GHz～2.62GHz。这种设计在两个频段同时实现了稳定的增益,方向图保持了良好的对称性和一致性。由于天线结构呈对称性设计,其交叉极化指标很低。该天线主要覆盖了2G、3G、LTE、Wifi和Wimax等移动通信频段,能够满足多种移动通信系统基站天线的需求。
4、提出了一种新型双频双极化宽带电磁偶极子天线。对传统的r型馈线进行改进,创造性地提出了适用于双频双极化宽带电磁偶极子天线的F型馈线结构,可以同时激励上下两层贴片。通过设计新的天线结构和馈线形式,在原有电磁偶极子贴片天线基础上实现了双频双极化功能。该天线在两个极化方向上低频段和高频段同时实现了0.75GHz～0.97GHz,1.73GHz～2.59GHz的带宽,相对带宽分别为25.5%和39.5%(SWR≤2),工作频带内两个端口隔离度指标小于-32dB。这种设计在高低频段的平均增益分别是4.3dBi和7.8dBi,具有稳定方向图指标和很低的交叉极化和尾瓣辐射。该天线主要覆盖了900MHz和1.8GHz附近的2G和3G移动通信频段,能够满足第二代和第三代移动通信系统基站天线的需求。
The tremendous growth of wireless communication services, such as the third generation (3G) mobile phone, Wi-Fi and Wi-Max, has led to increasing demand for wide-band unidirectional antennas that can accommodate several wireless communication systems with excellent electrical characteristics such as wide impedance bandwidth, low cross-polarization, low back-lobe radiation, symmetric radiation pattern, stable gain over the operating band and cost effectiveness. Recently, a wideband complementary antenna element, designated as the magneto-electric dipole, was proposed by Luk and Wong. The antenna has wide impedance bandwidth of43.8%(SWR≤1.5). Stable radiation pattern with low cross-polarization, low back-lobe radiation, nearly identical E-and H-plane patterns and a stable antenna gain is found across the entire operating bandwidth.
On the basis of the research above, firstly, we increase the bandwidth of the magneto-electric dipole micro-strip antenna, propose the E-shaped magneto-electric dipole antenna, and then design very wideband magneto-electric dipole antenna, wideband dualband magneto-electric antenna and dualband dual-polarized antenna continually.
The innovation points of the paper are listed below:
(1) A novel E-shaped wideband magneto-electric dipole antenna with a staircase-shaped feeding strip is presented. By modifying the patch and feeding strip, this antenna has realized wide impedance bandwidth of60%(SWR≤1.5). Stable unidirectional radiation patterns, low cross-polarization level and high average gain are achieved over the passband.
(2) A novel wideband magneto-electric dipole antenna is presented. This antenna achieves an impedance bandwidth of107%(SWR^2) from2.3GHz to7.56GHz. Due to the two complementary configuration of the antenna and the incorporation of a modified ground plane, the antenna has a stable broadside radiation pattern with low cross polarization and low back-lobe radiation over the operating band.
(3) A novel dual-band wideband unidirectional magneto-electric dipole antenna is presented. The proposed antenna has wide dualband impedance bandwidths of34%and49.5%(SWR≤2) in the lower and the upper bands, ranged from0.78GHz to1.1GHz and from1.58GHz to2.62GHz respectively. More importantly, the antenna has stable gains across each band, demonstrating the high stability of the radiation characteristic for the two radiation modes. The radiation patterns are symmetric, low back-lobe radiation and low cross-polarization. Because of these excellent features, the antenna should find wide applications in the modern2G、3G、LTE、Wifi、and Wimax wireless communication systems.
(4) A novel dual-band dual-polarized wideband magneto-electric dipole antenna excited by two F-shaped strips is presented. The F-shape feeding strip is designed to excite the two-layer antenna. The proposed antenna achieves a common impedance bandwidth of25.5%and39.5%(SWR≤2) in the lower and the upper bands at both input ports, ranged from0.75GHz to0.97GHz and from1.73GHz to2.59GHz respectively. The antenna has good performance in isolation, which is more than-32dB between the two input ports. The antenna has stable gain of average4.3dBi and7.8dBi in the lower and upper bands. It also has a stable broadside radiation pattern with low cross polarization and low back-lobe radiation over the operating band. Because of these excellent features, the antenna should find wide applications in the modern2G and3G wireless communication systems.
引文
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