三相并联型有源电力滤波器的研究
摘要
随着现代工业技术的发展,电力系统中非线性负荷大量增加。各种非线性和时变性电子装置的大规模应用,由此带来的谐波和无功问题也日益严重,对电力系统安全、稳定、经济运行带来了极大的威胁。用有源电力滤波器抑制谐波和补偿无功已经成为电力电子技术中的一个重大研究课题。
本文分析了传统并联型有源电力滤波器的工作特性,针对其不足之处,设计了一种简化的三相并联型有源电力滤波器,并对此拓扑的工作原理、数学模型和补偿特性进行了较深入研究,此外还推导出并联型有源电力滤波器主电路参数的选取原则和方法。其主要特点:一是在基于瞬时无功功率理论的基础上,提出一种新的检测方法,检测谐波和无功电流的改进算法;二是详细分析了有源电力滤波器的控制策略,包括补偿电流跟踪控制和直流侧电压控制,补偿电流跟踪控制选用三角波比较控制法,对直流侧电压采用PI闭环控制。
本文对并联型有源电力滤波器进行了系统的仿真,取得了满意的结果。仿真结果验证了本文提出的并联型有源电力滤波器的谐波检测算法和控制策略的正确性和有效性。
最后完成了以TMS320F2812DSP为控制核心的并联型有源电力滤波器系统的硬件和软件设计,对系统的软硬件各部分的结构和功能分别作了详细的阐述。
With the development of modern industrial technology, much non-linear load emerging in power system. As harmonic and reactive power problems ,generated by a variety of non-linear and time-varying electronic device, become increasingly serious as they are widely used ,which lead to great threat of power system security, stability, economic operation. active power filter with harmonic suppression and reactive compensation for power electronics technology has become a major research topic .
The compensation principle of the traditional shunt type active power filter is discussed,which can show that it is only used to compensate the harmonic current source.Considering the weakness, the investigated subject of the project is proposed,which is a simplified shunt type active power filter. The operating principle,mathematical modeling and the compensation characteristics of the subject are discussed in detail. In addition,the determination method of the main is deduced. Its main features: First, based on the instantaneous reactive power theory, A new detection method—hamonic current detection and reactive current detection method—is introduced in this thesis; Second, shunt active power filter’s control strategy including compensatory current control and DC voltage control is analyzed in detail. Compensatory current control adopts triangle wave compare control, and DC voltage control adopts PI closed loop control.
The thesis makes the simulation for shunt active power filter system, The proposed harmonic , reactive current detection method and the control strategy of shunt active power filter are tested, Satisfactory result is drawn. The simulation results verify validity and effectiveness of the current detection method and the control strategy.
The thesis introduces shunt active power filter system’s hardware and software design with TMS320F2812 DSP. Hard and software’s structure and function are described in detail.
本文分析了传统并联型有源电力滤波器的工作特性,针对其不足之处,设计了一种简化的三相并联型有源电力滤波器,并对此拓扑的工作原理、数学模型和补偿特性进行了较深入研究,此外还推导出并联型有源电力滤波器主电路参数的选取原则和方法。其主要特点:一是在基于瞬时无功功率理论的基础上,提出一种新的检测方法,检测谐波和无功电流的改进算法;二是详细分析了有源电力滤波器的控制策略,包括补偿电流跟踪控制和直流侧电压控制,补偿电流跟踪控制选用三角波比较控制法,对直流侧电压采用PI闭环控制。
本文对并联型有源电力滤波器进行了系统的仿真,取得了满意的结果。仿真结果验证了本文提出的并联型有源电力滤波器的谐波检测算法和控制策略的正确性和有效性。
最后完成了以TMS320F2812DSP为控制核心的并联型有源电力滤波器系统的硬件和软件设计,对系统的软硬件各部分的结构和功能分别作了详细的阐述。
With the development of modern industrial technology, much non-linear load emerging in power system. As harmonic and reactive power problems ,generated by a variety of non-linear and time-varying electronic device, become increasingly serious as they are widely used ,which lead to great threat of power system security, stability, economic operation. active power filter with harmonic suppression and reactive compensation for power electronics technology has become a major research topic .
The compensation principle of the traditional shunt type active power filter is discussed,which can show that it is only used to compensate the harmonic current source.Considering the weakness, the investigated subject of the project is proposed,which is a simplified shunt type active power filter. The operating principle,mathematical modeling and the compensation characteristics of the subject are discussed in detail. In addition,the determination method of the main is deduced. Its main features: First, based on the instantaneous reactive power theory, A new detection method—hamonic current detection and reactive current detection method—is introduced in this thesis; Second, shunt active power filter’s control strategy including compensatory current control and DC voltage control is analyzed in detail. Compensatory current control adopts triangle wave compare control, and DC voltage control adopts PI closed loop control.
The thesis makes the simulation for shunt active power filter system, The proposed harmonic , reactive current detection method and the control strategy of shunt active power filter are tested, Satisfactory result is drawn. The simulation results verify validity and effectiveness of the current detection method and the control strategy.
The thesis introduces shunt active power filter system’s hardware and software design with TMS320F2812 DSP. Hard and software’s structure and function are described in detail.
引文
[1]肖湘宁等.电能质量分析与控制[M].中国电力出版社,2004.
[2]姜齐荣,赵东元,陈建业.有源电力滤波器:结构·原理·控制.科学出版社, 2005.10
[3]朱东柏,刘骥,崔勇等.有源电力滤波器及无功补偿技术.哈尔滨理工大学学报, 2002, 7(2): 1-4
[4]金济.电力谐波检测算法研究及其在有源滤波器上的应用.中山大学硕士论文,2005.3
[5]王兆安,杨君,刘进军.谐波抑制和无功功率补偿.机械工业出版社,2005.10
[6]胡铭,陈晰.有源滤波技术及其应用[J].电力系统自动化.2000,24(3):66~70.
[7]颜晓庆,王兆安.电力有源滤波器及其新发展.电工技术杂志,1998(7).
[8] A.Nakajima et al. Developent of Active Fliter with Series Resonant Circuit. IEEE/PESC. 1988,1168
[9] Akagi H, Kanazawa Y, Nabae A. Instantaneous reactive power compensators comprising switching without energy storage components. IEEE Trans Ind Appl,1984,20 (3):625～630
[10] R Redl. Power-factor correction in single-phase switching-mode power supplies-an overview, Int.J. Electtronics,Vol.77(5):555~582,1994
[11] Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) Part 3-2: Limits-Limits for harmonic current emissions(equipment input current up to and including 16 A per phase) (IEC61000-3-2,Ed.2: 2000)
[12] Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) Part 3-4: Limits-Limitation of emission of harmonic currents in low-voltage power supply systems for equipment with rated current greater than 16A(IEC610003-4:1998)
[13] Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) Part 3-6: Limits-section6:Assessment of emission limits for distorting loads in MV and HV power systems–basic EMC publication(IEC 1000-3-6:1996)
[14] M M Jovanovic and D E Crow.Merits and limitations of full-bridge rectifier with LC filter in meeting IEC1000-3-2 harmonic-limitt soecificationgs, Proc.IEEE APEC’96,Mar.1996,pp.354~360
[15] R Redl and L Balogh,Power-factor correction in bridge and voltage-double rectifier circuits with inductors and capacitors,Pro.IEEE APEC’95, Mar.1995, pp.466~472
[16]刘凤君.市电电能质量补偿技术.北京:科学出版社,2003
[17] N.Bruyant,Simplified Digital-Analogical Control For Shunt Active Power Filters UnderUnbalanced Conditions.IEE Pro-PE.1998(9):11～16
[18] H.Akagi,A.nabse, S. Atoh.Control strategy of active power filters using multiple voltage-source PWM converters [J].IEEE Trans .Ind. Applicat. vol. IA-22, pp. 460~465, 1986
[19] F.Z.Peng, H.Akagi. A new approach to harmonic compensation in power systems-A combined system of shunt passive and series active filters [J].IEEE Trans. 1990, 983~990
[20] N.Bruyant, Simplified Digital-Analogical Control For Shunt Active Power Filters Under Unbalanced Conditions. IEE Pro-PE.1998(9):11～16
[21]曾竹雨.实用三相三线电力有源滤波器的控制算法研究.[硕士学位论文].武汉:海军工程大学,2001.
[22]李凤祥,赵不贿.谐波抑制和无功功率补偿技术的研究与应用.电力系统及其自动化学报,2001,13(5):26～29
[23]胡铭,陈衍.有源滤波技术及其应用.电力系统自动化,2000,12(3):66～70
[24] H.Akagi.Control Strategy and Site Selection of A Shunt Active Power Filter for Damping of Harmonic Propagation in Power Distribution Systems.IEEE Trans.on Power Delivery,1997,12(1):354~363.
[25]周雒维.有源电力滤波器谐波电流检测和控制新方法的研究.[博士学位论文].重庆:重庆大学,2001.8
[26]王群,姚为正,王兆安.低通滤波器对谐波检测电路的影响.西安交通大学学报,1999,33(4):5～9
[27] Akagi H. New trends in active filters for power conditioning [J].IEEE Trans.1991,vol.27:1020～1025
[28]朱东起,姜新建,马大铭.无源和有源滤波器串联构成的并联型综合电力滤波器[J].清华大学学报(自然科学版).1999,39(3):49～52
[29] H.Fujita,H.Akagi.A practical approach to harmonic compensation in power systems-Series connection of passive and active filters[J].IEEE Trans.1991,vol.27:1020～1025.
[30]张启福.DSP在电力系统谐波检测中的应用.大连理工大学硕士论文,2006.6
[31]陶骏,刘正之.谐波及无功电流检测方法的研究[J].电力系统自动化.2001(l)
[32]汪荔.三相并联型有源滤波器的分析与设计. [硕士学位论文].武汉:华中科技大学,2005
[33]苑伟宇.基于DSP的有源电力滤波器的设计与实现. [硕士学位论文].北京:华北电力大学,2005
[34] Hirofumi Akagi.Trends in active power line conditioners.IEEE Transactions on PowerElectronics,1994,9(3)3:263-268
[35] Texas Instrument.TMS320F28x DSP Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC) Reference Guide. SPRU060A,August2003
[36] Texas Instrument.TMS320F28x DSPEvent Mnagaer(EV) Reefrence Guide. SPRU065,June2003
[37] Marks.J.H,Green.T.C.Predictive control of active power filters.Power Electronics and Variable Speed Drivers,2000(9):18-23
[38]张国香.有源电力滤波器控制方法仿真研究. [硕士学位论文].天津:天津大学硕士学位论文,2004
[39]郭涛.基于DSP控制的三相三线制并联有源电力滤波器研究. [硕士学位论文].南京:南京航空航天大学,2006
[2]姜齐荣,赵东元,陈建业.有源电力滤波器:结构·原理·控制.科学出版社, 2005.10
[3]朱东柏,刘骥,崔勇等.有源电力滤波器及无功补偿技术.哈尔滨理工大学学报, 2002, 7(2): 1-4
[4]金济.电力谐波检测算法研究及其在有源滤波器上的应用.中山大学硕士论文,2005.3
[5]王兆安,杨君,刘进军.谐波抑制和无功功率补偿.机械工业出版社,2005.10
[6]胡铭,陈晰.有源滤波技术及其应用[J].电力系统自动化.2000,24(3):66~70.
[7]颜晓庆,王兆安.电力有源滤波器及其新发展.电工技术杂志,1998(7).
[8] A.Nakajima et al. Developent of Active Fliter with Series Resonant Circuit. IEEE/PESC. 1988,1168
[9] Akagi H, Kanazawa Y, Nabae A. Instantaneous reactive power compensators comprising switching without energy storage components. IEEE Trans Ind Appl,1984,20 (3):625～630
[10] R Redl. Power-factor correction in single-phase switching-mode power supplies-an overview, Int.J. Electtronics,Vol.77(5):555~582,1994
[11] Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) Part 3-2: Limits-Limits for harmonic current emissions(equipment input current up to and including 16 A per phase) (IEC61000-3-2,Ed.2: 2000)
[12] Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) Part 3-4: Limits-Limitation of emission of harmonic currents in low-voltage power supply systems for equipment with rated current greater than 16A(IEC610003-4:1998)
[13] Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) Part 3-6: Limits-section6:Assessment of emission limits for distorting loads in MV and HV power systems–basic EMC publication(IEC 1000-3-6:1996)
[14] M M Jovanovic and D E Crow.Merits and limitations of full-bridge rectifier with LC filter in meeting IEC1000-3-2 harmonic-limitt soecificationgs, Proc.IEEE APEC’96,Mar.1996,pp.354~360
[15] R Redl and L Balogh,Power-factor correction in bridge and voltage-double rectifier circuits with inductors and capacitors,Pro.IEEE APEC’95, Mar.1995, pp.466~472
[16]刘凤君.市电电能质量补偿技术.北京:科学出版社,2003
[17] N.Bruyant,Simplified Digital-Analogical Control For Shunt Active Power Filters UnderUnbalanced Conditions.IEE Pro-PE.1998(9):11～16
[18] H.Akagi,A.nabse, S. Atoh.Control strategy of active power filters using multiple voltage-source PWM converters [J].IEEE Trans .Ind. Applicat. vol. IA-22, pp. 460~465, 1986
[19] F.Z.Peng, H.Akagi. A new approach to harmonic compensation in power systems-A combined system of shunt passive and series active filters [J].IEEE Trans. 1990, 983~990
[20] N.Bruyant, Simplified Digital-Analogical Control For Shunt Active Power Filters Under Unbalanced Conditions. IEE Pro-PE.1998(9):11～16
[21]曾竹雨.实用三相三线电力有源滤波器的控制算法研究.[硕士学位论文].武汉:海军工程大学,2001.
[22]李凤祥,赵不贿.谐波抑制和无功功率补偿技术的研究与应用.电力系统及其自动化学报,2001,13(5):26～29
[23]胡铭,陈衍.有源滤波技术及其应用.电力系统自动化,2000,12(3):66～70
[24] H.Akagi.Control Strategy and Site Selection of A Shunt Active Power Filter for Damping of Harmonic Propagation in Power Distribution Systems.IEEE Trans.on Power Delivery,1997,12(1):354~363.
[25]周雒维.有源电力滤波器谐波电流检测和控制新方法的研究.[博士学位论文].重庆:重庆大学,2001.8
[26]王群,姚为正,王兆安.低通滤波器对谐波检测电路的影响.西安交通大学学报,1999,33(4):5～9
[27] Akagi H. New trends in active filters for power conditioning [J].IEEE Trans.1991,vol.27:1020～1025
[28]朱东起,姜新建,马大铭.无源和有源滤波器串联构成的并联型综合电力滤波器[J].清华大学学报(自然科学版).1999,39(3):49～52
[29] H.Fujita,H.Akagi.A practical approach to harmonic compensation in power systems-Series connection of passive and active filters[J].IEEE Trans.1991,vol.27:1020～1025.
[30]张启福.DSP在电力系统谐波检测中的应用.大连理工大学硕士论文,2006.6
[31]陶骏,刘正之.谐波及无功电流检测方法的研究[J].电力系统自动化.2001(l)
[32]汪荔.三相并联型有源滤波器的分析与设计. [硕士学位论文].武汉:华中科技大学,2005
[33]苑伟宇.基于DSP的有源电力滤波器的设计与实现. [硕士学位论文].北京:华北电力大学,2005
[34] Hirofumi Akagi.Trends in active power line conditioners.IEEE Transactions on PowerElectronics,1994,9(3)3:263-268
[35] Texas Instrument.TMS320F28x DSP Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC) Reference Guide. SPRU060A,August2003
[36] Texas Instrument.TMS320F28x DSPEvent Mnagaer(EV) Reefrence Guide. SPRU065,June2003
[37] Marks.J.H,Green.T.C.Predictive control of active power filters.Power Electronics and Variable Speed Drivers,2000(9):18-23
[38]张国香.有源电力滤波器控制方法仿真研究. [硕士学位论文].天津:天津大学硕士学位论文,2004
[39]郭涛.基于DSP控制的三相三线制并联有源电力滤波器研究. [硕士学位论文].南京:南京航空航天大学,2006