“深层海水”对小鼠免疫力、耐受力及创面愈合的影响
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摘要
研究背景
随着科学技术的进步和人们对生命有机体的不断探索,医学研究已从以往的整体、器官、细胞、亚细胞、分子和基因水平,并逐步向元素水平推进。众所周知,世界上所有物质都是由化学元素组成,人同样由化学元素组成。元素组成了人体的基本要素,而且还与人类生长、发育、疾病、衰老、死亡等整个生命代谢过程密切相关。迄今为止,科学家们发现和人工合成的元素已达108种,海水中已经发现92种,在人体中发现的有50余种,与人体健康均密切相关。
人类经过长期演变进化,体内各种元素达到了一种相对平衡状态,同时机体具备了调节这一平衡的功能。人体内各种元素之间有着复杂的关系,它们相互影响,相互依赖,相互作用,如一种微量元素缺乏,相关其它微量元素可能也缺乏；过多补充一种微量元素,相关其它微量元素跟不上,就会影响它们应有的作用。人体内某种微量元素不足或过量就可能会导致疾病,微量元素的平衡是机体保持健康最基本的条件。微量元素均衡问题在医学界越来越受到重视,在中医和西医发展的基础上,未来“元素医学或元素平衡医学”将成为医学的主流。
“深层海水(Deep Sea Water DSW)”一般是指距离海岸5千米、深度超过200米的海水,在这个深度的海水由于光线无法到达,具有水质稳定而洁净、低温、矿物质丰富而病原菌极少等特点,应用范围广泛。七十年代,美国科学家哈密尔顿等通过科学研究证实：人体血液与地壳中各元素的构成是一致的,这是因为人类通过饮食将周围环境中的化学元素摄入体内进行新陈代谢,使人体与环境中的化学元素保持着一种生态上的平衡。海纳百川,只有海水才是平衡整个地球上化学元素最珍贵的宝库。
海水是为人类提供“平衡微量元素”的最好资源。正因为如此,世界各国都在开发利用海水资源,从保健到医疗,海水已成为目前研究的热门课题。如：1982年,海水保健品开始在法国市上销售。2004年美国通过了海水保健品FDA认证。在我国台湾,冠以“深层海水”为名的包装水市面上品种非常多。
近年来,日本和韩国的科研人员利用深层海水对糖尿病、肥胖症、心血管疾病(高血压、高脂血症等)以及特应性皮炎等展开了较多实验研究,并取得较好的效果。目前,国内利用深层海水在医学领域的研究还未见报道。本研究中,在我国南海海域获取海平面200米以下的深层海水,制备成“生理性深层海水(Physiological DeepSea Water,PDSW)”。探讨我国南海深层海水对小鼠免疫功能的影响；观察深层海水对小鼠的疲劳耐受力及病理生理功能的影响；初步探讨是否能够促进小鼠创面愈合,从而为创面修复提供新的方法,为进一步开发深层海水在医学领域中的应用提供理论依据。
第一部分
“生理性深层海水”的制备
目的：制备可饮用的“生理性深层海水”并检测元素含量。
方法：在我国南海海域,取距海岸5千米、海平面200米以下的海水,闭光运至昆明,室温闭光储存,经超微过滤后,用KDF(铜锌合金)除去海水中的重金属,反复冻融法浓缩并去除海水中多余的盐份,制备成“生理性深层海水”,用ICP-MS方法检测主要元素及其含量。
结果：制备的深层海水盐度及渗透压接近生理盐水,富含多种元素,由于设备条件有限,仅检测了23种元素,必需微量元素含量明显比自来水多,特别是锌、硒、硼、锶、铜是自来水的8-1000倍。深层海水中有害微量元素含量极低,达到饮用水标准,对动物无毒害。
结论：制备的我国南海海域深层海水是一种微量元素含量丰富的天然液体。
第二部分
“深层海水”对小鼠免疫功能的影响
目的：探讨深层海水对小鼠免疫功能的影响。
方法：取健康昆明种小鼠72只,随机分为3组,即自来水(Tap Water Tw)对照组、45ppm (mg/mL)深层海水组、90ppm深层海水组。每组24只,均为雄性,自由喂养8周,观察深层海水对小鼠胸腺指数、脾指数、脾淋巴细胞增殖、巨噬细胞吞噬功能、外周血CD4+、CD8+T细胞百分比、CD4+/CD8+T细胞比值、血清细胞因子(IL-1、IL-2、IL-6)及免疫球蛋白(IgG, IgM, IgA)的影响。
结果：深层海水组与自来水组相比较,小鼠胸腺指数、脾指数、巨噬细胞吞噬率、吞噬指数、脾淋巴细胞增殖刺激指数、外周血CD4+T细胞百分比、CD4+/CD8+T细胞比例、血清细胞因子(IL-1、IL-2)及免疫球蛋白(IgA、IgM)含量均有明显提高(P<0.05),而外周血CD8+T细胞百分比、IL-6及IgG含量三组间无统计学差异。
结论：深层海水可增强小鼠机体的细胞、体液及非特异性免疫功能。
第三部分
“深层海水”对小鼠耐受力的影响
目的：探讨“深层海水”对小鼠病理生理及耐受力的影响。
方法：108只条件相同小鼠随机分成3组(A组服90ppm深层海水,B组服45ppm深层海水,C组服自来水,均自由饮用30天),每周称体重观察其变化,第31天时行耐缺氧实验、游泳耐力实验,断头采血,测定血细胞、肝肾功能、血清部分酶及乳酸浓度的变化,观察各脏器组织病理学变化。
结果：在相同的饲养条件下三组小鼠体重、饮食量、饮水量无明显改变。A、B组比C组小鼠力竭游泳时间及耐缺氧时间显著延长(P<0.05),耗氧量显著减少(P<0.05),天冬氨酸氨基转移酶、肌酸激酶、肌酸肌酶同工酶及运动后血乳酸浓度均显著降低(P<0.05),三组小鼠血常规、肝肾功能、电解质无显著性差异。主要脏器的组织形态学未发现异常。
结论：深层海水具有明显增强小鼠的抗应激能力,减少运动后乳酸浓度,提高小鼠耐受力。深层海水改善部分酶的功能,保护组织细胞,但不会干扰正常小鼠的病理生理功能。
第四部分
“深层海水”对小鼠创面愈合的促进作用
目的：初步探讨深层海水对小鼠创面修复的作用,为创面修复提供新的方法。
方法：取4周龄昆明种雄性小鼠24只,分为实验组(深层海水)12只和对照组(自来水)12只,分别喂养14天并计算饮水饮食量,第15天在小鼠背部建立1xlcm2面积创面,术后仍以深层海水和自来水喂养,检测其创面愈合速度,术后第3、5、7天取创缘组织,行创面组织病理学观察。
结果：两组小鼠饮食饮水总量无明显差别,术后3天,深层海水组小鼠创面愈合率高于对照组,但无统计学意义。术后第5天后,创面愈合率明显高于自来水组,有统计学意义。组织病理学观察：深层海水组与自来水组比较,新生的肉芽组织中血管内皮细胞和新生毛细血管增多,炎细胞浸润较少,成纤维细胞增生明显。
结论：深层海水可以促进小鼠创面愈合,缩短小鼠创面愈合时间。
Backgroud
With the progress of science and technology and people's understanding of living organisms, Medical research has from the whole, organ, cell, subcellular level,molecular and gene level, gradually advancing to element level. As everyone knows, all matter was composed of chemical elements, man was no exception. Chemical element was not only the basic elements of the composition of body, but also participated in the human growth, development, disease, aging and death throughout the metabolic process. So far, the elements that scientists have found and synthetic elements has amounted to108kinds. It is known that, there are92kinds in the sea water, more than50kinds in the human body. They are closely related to human health.
After a long-term human evolution, A relative balance of minerals and trace elements has formed in the body, The body also has the function of balance adjustment. There is a complex relationship between a variety of trace elements in the body. They influence each other, mutually dependent and interacting. Some trace elements deficiency or excess will make people sick, So we should attach importance to the trace element equilibrium problems. The balance of trace elements is the most basic condition of keep body healthy, Based on traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine development, element medicine or element balance medicine will become the mainstream medicine.
Deep Sea Water (DSW) generally refers to the depth of more than200meters at a distance of5km off coast in sea,because light can't reach, DSW is characterized by stable quality, clean, low temperature, rich in minerals and nutrients, pathogen rarely. DSW will be widely used. In seventy, Hamilton et al from United States scientists confirmed that element composition in human blood was consistent with crustal elements. Chemicals in the human body through drinking water and food intake participate in metabolism. The chemical elements between the human body and environment maintained an ecological balance. However, the sea water is the most precious treasure of the balance chemical elements.
Sea water is one of the best resources of balanced trace elements for human, All countries in the world actively develop and use water resources. From health care to medical has become a research hot topic at present. Such as sea health care products were sold in the market in France in1982. Sea water health care products passed the FDA certification and was sold in the United States in2004.In Taiwan in our country, deep sea water packing products was full of beautiful things in eyes.
In recent years, Japanese and South Korean researchers have done a lot of research about DSW in diabetes, obesity, cardiovascular disease (Hypertension, hyperlipidemia) and atopic dermatitis,and made gratifying achievements. At present, The research of deep sea water has not been reported in the medical field in our country. In our study, Deep-sea water was pumped from approximately200m below sea level in the South China sea. made physiological deep seawater. This experiment aimed to study the effects of DSW on immunity of mice, study the effects of DSW on endurance and physiological function of mice, carry out a preliminary study on the effect of DSW on wound healing of mice, provide the theoretical basis for exploiting and using DSW deeply in medicine.
Part one
The Preparation of Physiological Deep Sea Water
Objective:This experiment aimed to prepare drinkable deep-sea water and test the content of elements.
Method:Deep-sea water was pumped from approximately200m below sea level in the South China sea,Shut the light and shipped to Kunming, stored in a light-tight storage at room temperatures after ultra filtration, used KDF (copper and zinc alloy) to remove heavy metals, get rid of the excess salt by repeated freezing and thawing method, made physiological deep seawater, tested the content of major elements by ICP-MS.
Results:The salinity and osmolality of DSW is very close to normal saline, rich in a variety of elements. We tested23kinds of elements, the content of essential trace element in DSW is significantly more than Tap Water(TW).The content of zinc, boron, selenium, strontium and copper in DSW is8-1000times more than that in TW.The content of harmful trace element in DSW is extremely low.DSW meet standards of drinking water.
Conclusion:DSW of the south China sea is suitable for drinking.
Part two
Effects of Deep Sea Water on Immunity of Mice
Objective:This experiment aimed to study the effects of deep sea water (DSW) on immunity of mice.
Method:72Mice were randomly divided into three groups,90ppm concentration DSW group (n=24),45ppm concentration DSW group (n=24) and sterilize TW group (n=24), with equal age and weight in the three groups,and respecting freely feeding for8weeks. To observe its effects on the thymus index, spleen index, peripheral blood CD4+T cells and CD8+T cells, serum cytokines (IL-1,IL-2,IL-6), serum immunoglobulin(IgG, IgM, IgA). In vitro tests were used to evaluate its effects on the lymphocyte proliferation and phagocytic function of peritoneal macrophages.
Results:In the two DSW group,the spleen index,thymus index, percentage of CD4+T cells,ratio of CD4+/CD8+,content of IL-l,IL-2,IgA, IgM were significantly increased compared with TW group.The percentage of CD8+T cells and content of IgG, IL-6were no significant difference among the three groups. In vitro tests indicated that the lymphocyte proliferation stimulation index, macrophage phagocytic rate and index were significantly increased in the two DSW group.
Conclusion:The result indicated that DSW could enhance cellular immunity,humoral immunity and non-specific immunity of mice.
Part three
Effects of Deep Sea Water on Endurance of Mice
Objective:This experiment aimed to study the effects of DSW on endurance and pathological physiological function of mice.
Method:In this study,108mice were randomly divided into three groups,90ppm concentration DSW group (n=36group A),45ppm concentration DSW group (n=36group B) and sterilize tap water group (n=36group C), with equal age and weight in the three groups, and respecting freely feeding1month, On the31th day, exhaustive swimming test and hypoxia tolerance test were carried out. The exhaustive swimming time and hypoxia tolerance time was observed and recorded. After decapitating and sampling blood, the blood routine, serum chemical parameter, blood acid concentration and enzymes were determined.
Result:There were no significantly difference in body weight, food and water intake among the three group.The swimming time, hypoxia tolerance time of groups A, B were significantly increased compared with group C. Oxygen consumption of groups A, B were significantly reduced compared with group C. In the biochemical, serum AST,CK.CK-MB and lactic concentration of groups A, B were significantly reduced compared with group C. Tissue morphology of major organs were normal.
Conclusion:Deep sea water can significantly enhance the anti-stress ability in mice, reduce the production of lactic acid, improve endurance of mice. DSW can improve enzyme functions, protect tissue cells.But It does not interfere with the pathological physiological function of mice.
Part four
Effects of Deep Sea Water on Wound Healing of Mice
Objective:The objective of this experiment was a preliminary study on the effect of DSW on wound healing of mice.
Method:24Mice were randomly divided into two groups, DSW group (n=12) and sterilize TW group (n=12),respecting freely feeding for14days, and calculated the amount of food and water intake. On the15th day,1×1cm2size of wound was established in the back area of mice, and continued to feed with DSW and TW respectively. Tracking the wound healing rate. Specimen was taken in the edge of wound tissue at postoperative3,5,7days, observing histopathological changes.
Result:DSW group compared with TW group, there was no significant difference in the total amount of food and water. After5th day of wounds, the wound healing rate of DSW group was significantly increased than that TW group. The ascular endothelial cells and new capillaries was increased in the DSW group, Less inflammatory cell and more fibroblast cells proliferation was significantly observed in the DSW group.
Conclusion:DSW can promote wound healing,shorten the healing time of wound in mice.
随着科学技术的进步和人们对生命有机体的不断探索,医学研究已从以往的整体、器官、细胞、亚细胞、分子和基因水平,并逐步向元素水平推进。众所周知,世界上所有物质都是由化学元素组成,人同样由化学元素组成。元素组成了人体的基本要素,而且还与人类生长、发育、疾病、衰老、死亡等整个生命代谢过程密切相关。迄今为止,科学家们发现和人工合成的元素已达108种,海水中已经发现92种,在人体中发现的有50余种,与人体健康均密切相关。
人类经过长期演变进化,体内各种元素达到了一种相对平衡状态,同时机体具备了调节这一平衡的功能。人体内各种元素之间有着复杂的关系,它们相互影响,相互依赖,相互作用,如一种微量元素缺乏,相关其它微量元素可能也缺乏；过多补充一种微量元素,相关其它微量元素跟不上,就会影响它们应有的作用。人体内某种微量元素不足或过量就可能会导致疾病,微量元素的平衡是机体保持健康最基本的条件。微量元素均衡问题在医学界越来越受到重视,在中医和西医发展的基础上,未来“元素医学或元素平衡医学”将成为医学的主流。
“深层海水(Deep Sea Water DSW)”一般是指距离海岸5千米、深度超过200米的海水,在这个深度的海水由于光线无法到达,具有水质稳定而洁净、低温、矿物质丰富而病原菌极少等特点,应用范围广泛。七十年代,美国科学家哈密尔顿等通过科学研究证实：人体血液与地壳中各元素的构成是一致的,这是因为人类通过饮食将周围环境中的化学元素摄入体内进行新陈代谢,使人体与环境中的化学元素保持着一种生态上的平衡。海纳百川,只有海水才是平衡整个地球上化学元素最珍贵的宝库。
海水是为人类提供“平衡微量元素”的最好资源。正因为如此,世界各国都在开发利用海水资源,从保健到医疗,海水已成为目前研究的热门课题。如：1982年,海水保健品开始在法国市上销售。2004年美国通过了海水保健品FDA认证。在我国台湾,冠以“深层海水”为名的包装水市面上品种非常多。
近年来,日本和韩国的科研人员利用深层海水对糖尿病、肥胖症、心血管疾病(高血压、高脂血症等)以及特应性皮炎等展开了较多实验研究,并取得较好的效果。目前,国内利用深层海水在医学领域的研究还未见报道。本研究中,在我国南海海域获取海平面200米以下的深层海水,制备成“生理性深层海水(Physiological DeepSea Water,PDSW)”。探讨我国南海深层海水对小鼠免疫功能的影响；观察深层海水对小鼠的疲劳耐受力及病理生理功能的影响；初步探讨是否能够促进小鼠创面愈合,从而为创面修复提供新的方法,为进一步开发深层海水在医学领域中的应用提供理论依据。
第一部分
“生理性深层海水”的制备
目的：制备可饮用的“生理性深层海水”并检测元素含量。
方法：在我国南海海域,取距海岸5千米、海平面200米以下的海水,闭光运至昆明,室温闭光储存,经超微过滤后,用KDF(铜锌合金)除去海水中的重金属,反复冻融法浓缩并去除海水中多余的盐份,制备成“生理性深层海水”,用ICP-MS方法检测主要元素及其含量。
结果：制备的深层海水盐度及渗透压接近生理盐水,富含多种元素,由于设备条件有限,仅检测了23种元素,必需微量元素含量明显比自来水多,特别是锌、硒、硼、锶、铜是自来水的8-1000倍。深层海水中有害微量元素含量极低,达到饮用水标准,对动物无毒害。
结论：制备的我国南海海域深层海水是一种微量元素含量丰富的天然液体。
第二部分
“深层海水”对小鼠免疫功能的影响
目的：探讨深层海水对小鼠免疫功能的影响。
方法：取健康昆明种小鼠72只,随机分为3组,即自来水(Tap Water Tw)对照组、45ppm (mg/mL)深层海水组、90ppm深层海水组。每组24只,均为雄性,自由喂养8周,观察深层海水对小鼠胸腺指数、脾指数、脾淋巴细胞增殖、巨噬细胞吞噬功能、外周血CD4+、CD8+T细胞百分比、CD4+/CD8+T细胞比值、血清细胞因子(IL-1、IL-2、IL-6)及免疫球蛋白(IgG, IgM, IgA)的影响。
结果：深层海水组与自来水组相比较,小鼠胸腺指数、脾指数、巨噬细胞吞噬率、吞噬指数、脾淋巴细胞增殖刺激指数、外周血CD4+T细胞百分比、CD4+/CD8+T细胞比例、血清细胞因子(IL-1、IL-2)及免疫球蛋白(IgA、IgM)含量均有明显提高(P<0.05),而外周血CD8+T细胞百分比、IL-6及IgG含量三组间无统计学差异。
结论：深层海水可增强小鼠机体的细胞、体液及非特异性免疫功能。
第三部分
“深层海水”对小鼠耐受力的影响
目的：探讨“深层海水”对小鼠病理生理及耐受力的影响。
方法：108只条件相同小鼠随机分成3组(A组服90ppm深层海水,B组服45ppm深层海水,C组服自来水,均自由饮用30天),每周称体重观察其变化,第31天时行耐缺氧实验、游泳耐力实验,断头采血,测定血细胞、肝肾功能、血清部分酶及乳酸浓度的变化,观察各脏器组织病理学变化。
结果：在相同的饲养条件下三组小鼠体重、饮食量、饮水量无明显改变。A、B组比C组小鼠力竭游泳时间及耐缺氧时间显著延长(P<0.05),耗氧量显著减少(P<0.05),天冬氨酸氨基转移酶、肌酸激酶、肌酸肌酶同工酶及运动后血乳酸浓度均显著降低(P<0.05),三组小鼠血常规、肝肾功能、电解质无显著性差异。主要脏器的组织形态学未发现异常。
结论：深层海水具有明显增强小鼠的抗应激能力,减少运动后乳酸浓度,提高小鼠耐受力。深层海水改善部分酶的功能,保护组织细胞,但不会干扰正常小鼠的病理生理功能。
第四部分
“深层海水”对小鼠创面愈合的促进作用
目的：初步探讨深层海水对小鼠创面修复的作用,为创面修复提供新的方法。
方法：取4周龄昆明种雄性小鼠24只,分为实验组(深层海水)12只和对照组(自来水)12只,分别喂养14天并计算饮水饮食量,第15天在小鼠背部建立1xlcm2面积创面,术后仍以深层海水和自来水喂养,检测其创面愈合速度,术后第3、5、7天取创缘组织,行创面组织病理学观察。
结果：两组小鼠饮食饮水总量无明显差别,术后3天,深层海水组小鼠创面愈合率高于对照组,但无统计学意义。术后第5天后,创面愈合率明显高于自来水组,有统计学意义。组织病理学观察：深层海水组与自来水组比较,新生的肉芽组织中血管内皮细胞和新生毛细血管增多,炎细胞浸润较少,成纤维细胞增生明显。
结论：深层海水可以促进小鼠创面愈合,缩短小鼠创面愈合时间。
Backgroud
With the progress of science and technology and people's understanding of living organisms, Medical research has from the whole, organ, cell, subcellular level,molecular and gene level, gradually advancing to element level. As everyone knows, all matter was composed of chemical elements, man was no exception. Chemical element was not only the basic elements of the composition of body, but also participated in the human growth, development, disease, aging and death throughout the metabolic process. So far, the elements that scientists have found and synthetic elements has amounted to108kinds. It is known that, there are92kinds in the sea water, more than50kinds in the human body. They are closely related to human health.
After a long-term human evolution, A relative balance of minerals and trace elements has formed in the body, The body also has the function of balance adjustment. There is a complex relationship between a variety of trace elements in the body. They influence each other, mutually dependent and interacting. Some trace elements deficiency or excess will make people sick, So we should attach importance to the trace element equilibrium problems. The balance of trace elements is the most basic condition of keep body healthy, Based on traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine development, element medicine or element balance medicine will become the mainstream medicine.
Deep Sea Water (DSW) generally refers to the depth of more than200meters at a distance of5km off coast in sea,because light can't reach, DSW is characterized by stable quality, clean, low temperature, rich in minerals and nutrients, pathogen rarely. DSW will be widely used. In seventy, Hamilton et al from United States scientists confirmed that element composition in human blood was consistent with crustal elements. Chemicals in the human body through drinking water and food intake participate in metabolism. The chemical elements between the human body and environment maintained an ecological balance. However, the sea water is the most precious treasure of the balance chemical elements.
Sea water is one of the best resources of balanced trace elements for human, All countries in the world actively develop and use water resources. From health care to medical has become a research hot topic at present. Such as sea health care products were sold in the market in France in1982. Sea water health care products passed the FDA certification and was sold in the United States in2004.In Taiwan in our country, deep sea water packing products was full of beautiful things in eyes.
In recent years, Japanese and South Korean researchers have done a lot of research about DSW in diabetes, obesity, cardiovascular disease (Hypertension, hyperlipidemia) and atopic dermatitis,and made gratifying achievements. At present, The research of deep sea water has not been reported in the medical field in our country. In our study, Deep-sea water was pumped from approximately200m below sea level in the South China sea. made physiological deep seawater. This experiment aimed to study the effects of DSW on immunity of mice, study the effects of DSW on endurance and physiological function of mice, carry out a preliminary study on the effect of DSW on wound healing of mice, provide the theoretical basis for exploiting and using DSW deeply in medicine.
Part one
The Preparation of Physiological Deep Sea Water
Objective:This experiment aimed to prepare drinkable deep-sea water and test the content of elements.
Method:Deep-sea water was pumped from approximately200m below sea level in the South China sea,Shut the light and shipped to Kunming, stored in a light-tight storage at room temperatures after ultra filtration, used KDF (copper and zinc alloy) to remove heavy metals, get rid of the excess salt by repeated freezing and thawing method, made physiological deep seawater, tested the content of major elements by ICP-MS.
Results:The salinity and osmolality of DSW is very close to normal saline, rich in a variety of elements. We tested23kinds of elements, the content of essential trace element in DSW is significantly more than Tap Water(TW).The content of zinc, boron, selenium, strontium and copper in DSW is8-1000times more than that in TW.The content of harmful trace element in DSW is extremely low.DSW meet standards of drinking water.
Conclusion:DSW of the south China sea is suitable for drinking.
Part two
Effects of Deep Sea Water on Immunity of Mice
Objective:This experiment aimed to study the effects of deep sea water (DSW) on immunity of mice.
Method:72Mice were randomly divided into three groups,90ppm concentration DSW group (n=24),45ppm concentration DSW group (n=24) and sterilize TW group (n=24), with equal age and weight in the three groups,and respecting freely feeding for8weeks. To observe its effects on the thymus index, spleen index, peripheral blood CD4+T cells and CD8+T cells, serum cytokines (IL-1,IL-2,IL-6), serum immunoglobulin(IgG, IgM, IgA). In vitro tests were used to evaluate its effects on the lymphocyte proliferation and phagocytic function of peritoneal macrophages.
Results:In the two DSW group,the spleen index,thymus index, percentage of CD4+T cells,ratio of CD4+/CD8+,content of IL-l,IL-2,IgA, IgM were significantly increased compared with TW group.The percentage of CD8+T cells and content of IgG, IL-6were no significant difference among the three groups. In vitro tests indicated that the lymphocyte proliferation stimulation index, macrophage phagocytic rate and index were significantly increased in the two DSW group.
Conclusion:The result indicated that DSW could enhance cellular immunity,humoral immunity and non-specific immunity of mice.
Part three
Effects of Deep Sea Water on Endurance of Mice
Objective:This experiment aimed to study the effects of DSW on endurance and pathological physiological function of mice.
Method:In this study,108mice were randomly divided into three groups,90ppm concentration DSW group (n=36group A),45ppm concentration DSW group (n=36group B) and sterilize tap water group (n=36group C), with equal age and weight in the three groups, and respecting freely feeding1month, On the31th day, exhaustive swimming test and hypoxia tolerance test were carried out. The exhaustive swimming time and hypoxia tolerance time was observed and recorded. After decapitating and sampling blood, the blood routine, serum chemical parameter, blood acid concentration and enzymes were determined.
Result:There were no significantly difference in body weight, food and water intake among the three group.The swimming time, hypoxia tolerance time of groups A, B were significantly increased compared with group C. Oxygen consumption of groups A, B were significantly reduced compared with group C. In the biochemical, serum AST,CK.CK-MB and lactic concentration of groups A, B were significantly reduced compared with group C. Tissue morphology of major organs were normal.
Conclusion:Deep sea water can significantly enhance the anti-stress ability in mice, reduce the production of lactic acid, improve endurance of mice. DSW can improve enzyme functions, protect tissue cells.But It does not interfere with the pathological physiological function of mice.
Part four
Effects of Deep Sea Water on Wound Healing of Mice
Objective:The objective of this experiment was a preliminary study on the effect of DSW on wound healing of mice.
Method:24Mice were randomly divided into two groups, DSW group (n=12) and sterilize TW group (n=12),respecting freely feeding for14days, and calculated the amount of food and water intake. On the15th day,1×1cm2size of wound was established in the back area of mice, and continued to feed with DSW and TW respectively. Tracking the wound healing rate. Specimen was taken in the edge of wound tissue at postoperative3,5,7days, observing histopathological changes.
Result:DSW group compared with TW group, there was no significant difference in the total amount of food and water. After5th day of wounds, the wound healing rate of DSW group was significantly increased than that TW group. The ascular endothelial cells and new capillaries was increased in the DSW group, Less inflammatory cell and more fibroblast cells proliferation was significantly observed in the DSW group.
Conclusion:DSW can promote wound healing,shorten the healing time of wound in mice.
引文
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