我国农村资金互助合作组织的发展问题研究
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摘要
“三农问题”目前已成为影响我国经济现代化的最要的因素,而这一问题的核心就是农村金融问题,经过近些年的农村经济改革,广大的农村形成了农村合作金融、商业金融与政策性金融、民间借贷四位一体的农村金融服务体系,农民贷款难有所缓解,但是事实证明这些组织并没有很好地解决民间的“草根”金融问题,“农村资金互助合作组织”是伴随着我国农民专业合作经济组织的发展而产生的,实践证明是很好的解决“草根”金融的组织形式,党和国家也从2004年到2009年先后出台的5个1号文件都在鼓励农村新型的民间金融组织形式的探索和组建,银监会也在2007年出台了规范“农村资金互助合作组织”的规定,一些地方政府也响应中央的精神,积极引导这种组织的组建和发展,这些都表明从中央到地方对这种民间金融组织形式在我国农业现代化发展中作用都是予以肯定的。
“农村资金互助合作组织”是民间金融组织的一种创新形式,与现代化的金融机构相比,它有自己天然的优势:地缘、血缘关系或者是人缘和人脉关系。这种组织又有它的特殊性,那就是“草根金融”的特性,一个优良的金融体系应当是兼容并包、惠及于人类各个阶层和群体的。但是,与任何一种新兴的事物一样,在它的发展初期难免会出现这样那样的问题。因此,本文立足于国内,采用回归分析,实际案例调查,从宏观到微观利用规范和实证等分析方法对“农村资金互助合作组织”的发展条件和发展问题进行了系统的研究,挖掘出了很多能够解决这种组织进一步发展的创新方法。希望这些解决方法的提出对该组织的进一步发展和完善有一定的借鉴意义,对我国“三农”问题的化解添砖加瓦。
本文共分4章:导论、我国农村资金互助合作组织发展的条件分析、我国农村资金互助合作组织发展的问题分析、我国农村资金互助合作组织发展的对策建议。
The "three dimensional of agroissue" has played the role to China's economic modernization factors, the core of the problem is that rural finance, rural economic reform in recent years after, the majority of the formation of a rural cooperative of rural finance, commercial finance and financial policy, private lending four in one rural financial service system, farmers in getting loans eased, but the fact that these organizations and the private sector can not solve the "grass-roots" financial problems "of rural mutual funds organization" is accompanied by the farmer specialized cooperative economic organizations in China's development arose, proved a good solution to "grassroots" financial organization, the party and the countries from 2004 to 2009, has introduced a 5 on the 1st file is in encouraging rural new forms of private financial organizations to explore and set up, the CBRC also issued a standard in 2007, "Organization of rural mutual funds" requirement, some local governments also respond to the spirit, and actively guide the establishment and development of such organizations, which are shows that between the central and local private financial organizations such forms of development in China's agricultural modernization our understanding of the role of Di, a very high level.
"Rural mutual funds organization" is a kind of civil society organizations, innovative forms of finance, as compared with the modern financial institutions, it has its own natural advantages: geographical, kinship, or popularity and personal connections. Again the special nature of this organization, that is "grassroots financial" nature, a good financial system should be inclusive, benefiting all sectors of human and groups. However, with any new thing, as in its early stage of development will likely have this kind of problems. Therefore, this article based on domestic, using regression analysis, practical case studies, from macro to micro and empirical use of standard analytical methods such as "mutual funds organizations in rural areas," the further development of a systematic study of the issue, dig out a lot to solve the further development of such organizations and innovative ways. Hope that these solutions put forward the further development of the organization and play a perfect reference for China's "three rural" issue to resolve building blocks.
This article is divided into six chapters: Introduction, rural organizations, the basic theory of mutual funds, Mutual Aid Organization of rural financial status, rural mutual funds related organizations to further the development of problem analysis, rural mutual funds organizations to further the development of countermeasures, Conclusion.
“农村资金互助合作组织”是民间金融组织的一种创新形式,与现代化的金融机构相比,它有自己天然的优势:地缘、血缘关系或者是人缘和人脉关系。这种组织又有它的特殊性,那就是“草根金融”的特性,一个优良的金融体系应当是兼容并包、惠及于人类各个阶层和群体的。但是,与任何一种新兴的事物一样,在它的发展初期难免会出现这样那样的问题。因此,本文立足于国内,采用回归分析,实际案例调查,从宏观到微观利用规范和实证等分析方法对“农村资金互助合作组织”的发展条件和发展问题进行了系统的研究,挖掘出了很多能够解决这种组织进一步发展的创新方法。希望这些解决方法的提出对该组织的进一步发展和完善有一定的借鉴意义,对我国“三农”问题的化解添砖加瓦。
本文共分4章:导论、我国农村资金互助合作组织发展的条件分析、我国农村资金互助合作组织发展的问题分析、我国农村资金互助合作组织发展的对策建议。
The "three dimensional of agroissue" has played the role to China's economic modernization factors, the core of the problem is that rural finance, rural economic reform in recent years after, the majority of the formation of a rural cooperative of rural finance, commercial finance and financial policy, private lending four in one rural financial service system, farmers in getting loans eased, but the fact that these organizations and the private sector can not solve the "grass-roots" financial problems "of rural mutual funds organization" is accompanied by the farmer specialized cooperative economic organizations in China's development arose, proved a good solution to "grassroots" financial organization, the party and the countries from 2004 to 2009, has introduced a 5 on the 1st file is in encouraging rural new forms of private financial organizations to explore and set up, the CBRC also issued a standard in 2007, "Organization of rural mutual funds" requirement, some local governments also respond to the spirit, and actively guide the establishment and development of such organizations, which are shows that between the central and local private financial organizations such forms of development in China's agricultural modernization our understanding of the role of Di, a very high level.
"Rural mutual funds organization" is a kind of civil society organizations, innovative forms of finance, as compared with the modern financial institutions, it has its own natural advantages: geographical, kinship, or popularity and personal connections. Again the special nature of this organization, that is "grassroots financial" nature, a good financial system should be inclusive, benefiting all sectors of human and groups. However, with any new thing, as in its early stage of development will likely have this kind of problems. Therefore, this article based on domestic, using regression analysis, practical case studies, from macro to micro and empirical use of standard analytical methods such as "mutual funds organizations in rural areas," the further development of a systematic study of the issue, dig out a lot to solve the further development of such organizations and innovative ways. Hope that these solutions put forward the further development of the organization and play a perfect reference for China's "three rural" issue to resolve building blocks.
This article is divided into six chapters: Introduction, rural organizations, the basic theory of mutual funds, Mutual Aid Organization of rural financial status, rural mutual funds related organizations to further the development of problem analysis, rural mutual funds organizations to further the development of countermeasures, Conclusion.
引文
①杨凯军.把“草根金融”阳光化.《地方财政研究》,2007.9
①王曙光.《农村金融学》.北京大学出版社.2008,1.
①姜柏林.完善土地流转制度须发展农村合作金融组织.南方农村报2008,2.
[1]王曙光.《草根金融》.中国发展出版社,2008.
[2]孔祥智.《2009中国“三农”发展前景报告》中国时代经济出版社,2009.
[3]杜晓山.《中国小额信贷十年》社会科学文献出版社,2008.
[4]韩俊.《中国农村金融调查》上海远东版社,2007.
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[8]蔡鎤铭.金融行销新思维-顾客维持率的重要性.《当代银行家》,2007年第5期.
[9]默罕默德.尤努斯.《穷人的银行家》.《生活.读书.新知三联书店》,2006,11.
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[16]沈四宝.《国际商法》.法律出版社,2003,1.
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[21]姜柏林.完善土地流转制度须发展农村合作金融组织.南方农村报2008,2.
[22]姜柏林.5年向农村投放20万亿.三农中国.2008,7.
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[33]张德元.农信社应归位“合作金融”[n].人民日报社中国经济快讯周刊,2003(25).
[34]国风.农村经济创新分析[m].北京:经济科学出版社,2005:446-448.
[35]周立.资金互助与穷人生计──7省11家农民合作社调查[j].当代中国研究,2006(3).
[36]孙若梅.小额信贷与农民收入[m].北京:中国经济出版社,2006:130
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[38]温铁军、姜柏林.把合作金融还给农民-重构“服务三农的农村金融体系”的建议[j].农村金融研究,2007(1).
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[43]葛文光.《农民专业合作经济组织发展的理论与实践》.中国农业出版社,2008(10).
[44] Frederic S Mishkin.The Economics of Money,Banking and Financial
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[47]N.Barou.CooperativeBanking[M].London:LondonPress,1932.
[48]Nicole Woolsey Biggart,Richard P.Castanias.Collateralized Relations:The Social in Economic Calculation,Ameriean Journal of Economics and Sociology,2001.
[49]Rural Financial Services in China.Thematic Study.Volume I-MainReport.ReportNo.1147-CN Rev.IFAD(2001).
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①王曙光.《农村金融学》.北京大学出版社.2008,1.
①姜柏林.完善土地流转制度须发展农村合作金融组织.南方农村报2008,2.
[1]王曙光.《草根金融》.中国发展出版社,2008.
[2]孔祥智.《2009中国“三农”发展前景报告》中国时代经济出版社,2009.
[3]杜晓山.《中国小额信贷十年》社会科学文献出版社,2008.
[4]韩俊.《中国农村金融调查》上海远东版社,2007.
[5]任大鹏等.《我国农村非正规金融的法律思考》.《中国农村观察》,2005年第4期.
[6]杨凯军.把“草根金融”阳光化.《地方财政研究》,2007.9 [7杨学东.我省草根金融发展研究.湖北经济学院报,2006.11.
[8]蔡鎤铭.金融行销新思维-顾客维持率的重要性.《当代银行家》,2007年第5期.
[9]默罕默德.尤努斯.《穷人的银行家》.《生活.读书.新知三联书店》,2006,11.
[10]林毅夫.《中国的奇迹:发展战略与经济改革》.上海:上海三联书店1995年版..
[11]W.刘易斯《经济增长理论》.中译本,上海:上海三联书店1994年版.
[12]黄建新.关注草根金融.《经济导刊》,2007.7.
[13]费孝通《江村经济:中国农民的生活》.北京:商务印书馆,2001版.
[14]黄宗智.《长江三角洲小农经济与乡村发展》.中译本,北京:中华书局2000版.
[15]王曙光.《农村金融学》.北京大学出版社.2008,1.
[16]沈四宝.《国际商法》.法律出版社,2003,1.
[17]边编.发展草根金融支持“三农”发展.《中国发展观察》,2009.2.
[18]姜欣欣.探索切实可行路径建立支农长效机制.金融时报. 2009,2.
[19]王曙光.农村金融缺机构更缺机制.第一财经日报,2009,4.
[20]刘飞,谢建文.关于增加农民财产性收入的几点思考[J].商业经济,2008,3.
[21]姜柏林.完善土地流转制度须发展农村合作金融组织.南方农村报2008,2.
[22]姜柏林.5年向农村投放20万亿.三农中国.2008,7.
[23]茅于轼.小额贷款为什么大多失败.学习时报. 2007.11.
[24]罗伯川.关于金融基础设施建设. 2008.
[25]人民论坛《千人问卷》调查组.百姓“财产性收入”看法调查分析[J].理论参考, 2008,1.
[26]姜柏林.农村金融体系不能缺少合作金融.搜狐财经2008.12.
[27]李佳郑晔.乡村精英、社会资本与农村合作经济组织走向《社会科学研究》2008年第2期
[28]张德元.重构农村合作金融体系[j].中国统计,2002(8).
[29]何广文、冯兴元、郭沛、李莉莉、杨菁、王虹、李晓佳.中国农村金融发展与制度变迁[m].北京:中国财政经济出版社,2005:63.
[30]陆建平.国外合作金融组织管理体系的模式及其借鉴[j].财经问题研究,1999(11).
[31]冯开文.合作制度变迁与创新研究[m].北京:中国农业出版社,2003:237.
[32]刘奇.三农问策─走出制度困局[m].安徽:安徽人民出版社,2005:91.
[33]张德元.农信社应归位“合作金融”[n].人民日报社中国经济快讯周刊,2003(25).
[34]国风.农村经济创新分析[m].北京:经济科学出版社,2005:446-448.
[35]周立.资金互助与穷人生计──7省11家农民合作社调查[j].当代中国研究,2006(3).
[36]孙若梅.小额信贷与农民收入[m].北京:中国经济出版社,2006:130
[37]成思危.改革与发展:推进中国的农村金融[m].北京:经济科学出版社,2005:13-56.
[38]温铁军、姜柏林.把合作金融还给农民-重构“服务三农的农村金融体系”的建议[j].农村金融研究,2007(1).
[39]姜佰林.农民资金互助合作社破解农村金融改革难题[eb/ol].中国合作金融网,2005-10.
[40]杨筱.股权合作信贷:农村金融的百信模式[n].中国经营报,2006-3-4.
[41]文杰.姜柏林和他的合作社[n].成都日报,2006-04-01.
[42]辽宁省农经考察团.对日本农协的考察报告[j].农业经济,2002(10).
[43]葛文光.《农民专业合作经济组织发展的理论与实践》.中国农业出版社,2008(10).
[44] Frederic S Mishkin.The Economics of Money,Banking and Financial
[45]Robert Redfield,Peasant SoCiety and Culture,Chieago
[46]SonniehSen.Consumer,Cooperation[M].NewYork:Elsvier Seienee Publishing ComPany,1980.
[47]N.Barou.CooperativeBanking[M].London:LondonPress,1932.
[48]Nicole Woolsey Biggart,Richard P.Castanias.Collateralized Relations:The Social in Economic Calculation,Ameriean Journal of Economics and Sociology,2001.
[49]Rural Financial Services in China.Thematic Study.Volume I-MainReport.ReportNo.1147-CN Rev.IFAD(2001).
[50]Chayanov A.V.The Theory of Peasant Eeonomy,Madison:University of Wisconsin Press,1986.
[51]Cook,Michael..L.1995:The Future of U.S.Agricultural Cooperatives:A Neo-institutional Approach.American Journal of Agricultural Economics,77:1153~1159
[52]Hendrikse,G.W.,C.P.Veerman.Marketing Cooperatives:An Incomplete Contracting Perspective.Journal of Agricultural Economics,2001(52[1]):53~64
[53]Karantinis,K and A.Zago.Endogenous Membership in Mixed Duopsonies.American Journal of Agricultural Economics,2001(83[5]):1266~1272
[54]Savage and Volkin.Co-operative Cretera.FCS Service Report 71,Farmer Co-operative Service.U.S.Department.Agr,1965
[55]Packel.The Organisation and Operation of Co-operatives.4th.ed.,American Law Institution,1970:2
[56]Schaars.Cooperatives,Principles and Practices University of Wisconsin Extension,Madison,1973
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