基于VB的蒸汽养护监控系统的研究
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摘要
随着我国基础设施建设的不断迅猛发展,对高质量的混凝土构件和水泥制品的需求日益增大,这就对这些产品的质量以及生产效率提出了新的要求。
蒸汽养护窑是混凝土构件和水泥制品工艺生产的主要设备。在现有的养护窑温度控制中,以手工方式进行控制为主。这种控制方式存在着精度低下、效率不高等缺点,不能很好地完成控制任务,直接影响混凝土构件和水泥制品的质量、能源消耗和企业的经济效益。因此,对混凝土构件和水泥制品蒸汽养护监控系统的研究有重大实际意义。
论文在对工业计算机控制系统应用现状讨论的基础上,通过对蒸汽养护工艺流程分析,设计了一套基于Microsoft Visual Basic的蒸汽养护计算机控制系统,以代替现有的人工控制方式。考虑到蒸汽养护过程中,温度控制具有大滞后、非线性的特点,对蒸汽窑的温度采用参数自整定模糊PID控制,以提高控制精度。
论文首先给出了蒸汽养护监控系统的总体设计方案。控制系统的工作过程为:传感器从混凝土养护窑中采集温度数据,数据经过信号调理,由温度仪表通过RS-232/485总线上传至工控机,工控机按照控制算法对数据进行处理,处理结果通过D/A输出卡输出相应电压,控制电动调节阀的阀位开度以控制蒸汽流量,最终达到控制蒸汽养护窑内温度的目的。
接着详细讨论了系统的控制算法的设计,包括控制算法的选择、模糊PID控制算法的设计以及模糊PID控制器的设计,并通过MATLAB仿真软件Simulink对模糊PID控制系统进行仿真。
论文的最后详细讲述了本监控系统软件部分的开发,开发工具采用面向对象的Microsoft Visual Basic 6.0。控制系统软件界面友好、功能强大,通过监控软件将养护的工艺流程以直观的画面显示出来,记录在线检测的参数、设备运行状态和过程参数的历史曲线、实时诊断和报警,实现对整个蒸汽养护工艺流程和设备运行状态的实时监控。
The quality and production efficiency of concrete components and cement production should be improved with the development of infrastructure construction.
Steam preservation kiln is the main equipment for producing concrete component and cement production. Currently, the steam preservation kiln is mainly controled by hand. The manual control mode has lots of shortcomings, such as low precision and bad efficiency. So the manual control mode can't accomplish the task of control and affect the quality of the concrete component and cement production, energy consumption, and the economic benefits of enterprises. Therefore, it has a major practical significance to study the steam preservation monitoring system.
On the basis of discussing the application of industrial computer control systems and by analyzing producing process of steam preservation, this thesis presents a monitor and control system on steam preservation based on Microsoft Visual Basic, which can replace current manual control mode. According to the temperature control characteristics, such as time-delay and nonlinear, in steam preservation, the fuzzy parameter self-tuning PID control is used to improve the temperature control precision.
Firstly, the thesis presents an overall design plan of the monitor and control system on steam preservation. The control system works by the following steps: the sensor acquires temperature signal from the kiln, the data is sent to Industrial Personal Computer(IPC) by the temperature meter after adjusted, the controller deals with the data and exports a output voltage by D/A card to adjust the flow of the steam, as a result, the temperature of the kiln is automatically controlled.
Secondly, the control method in this system is discussed, including the selection of thecontrol method, the design of the fuzzy-PID and the design of the fuzzy-PID controller, it also validates the theory by using Simulink in MATLAB.
Finally, the thesis presents the software development of the control system. The control system is analyzed and designed with the object oriented software engineering method. The developing tool is Microsoft Visual Basic 6.0. The user interface is easy to use and the ability of control is powerful. The system can display procedure craft of steam preservation directly, record online parameters, equipment status, the historical parameters of the process, real-time diagnosis and alarm. So the system can implement real-time control of the whole steam preservation.
蒸汽养护窑是混凝土构件和水泥制品工艺生产的主要设备。在现有的养护窑温度控制中,以手工方式进行控制为主。这种控制方式存在着精度低下、效率不高等缺点,不能很好地完成控制任务,直接影响混凝土构件和水泥制品的质量、能源消耗和企业的经济效益。因此,对混凝土构件和水泥制品蒸汽养护监控系统的研究有重大实际意义。
论文在对工业计算机控制系统应用现状讨论的基础上,通过对蒸汽养护工艺流程分析,设计了一套基于Microsoft Visual Basic的蒸汽养护计算机控制系统,以代替现有的人工控制方式。考虑到蒸汽养护过程中,温度控制具有大滞后、非线性的特点,对蒸汽窑的温度采用参数自整定模糊PID控制,以提高控制精度。
论文首先给出了蒸汽养护监控系统的总体设计方案。控制系统的工作过程为:传感器从混凝土养护窑中采集温度数据,数据经过信号调理,由温度仪表通过RS-232/485总线上传至工控机,工控机按照控制算法对数据进行处理,处理结果通过D/A输出卡输出相应电压,控制电动调节阀的阀位开度以控制蒸汽流量,最终达到控制蒸汽养护窑内温度的目的。
接着详细讨论了系统的控制算法的设计,包括控制算法的选择、模糊PID控制算法的设计以及模糊PID控制器的设计,并通过MATLAB仿真软件Simulink对模糊PID控制系统进行仿真。
论文的最后详细讲述了本监控系统软件部分的开发,开发工具采用面向对象的Microsoft Visual Basic 6.0。控制系统软件界面友好、功能强大,通过监控软件将养护的工艺流程以直观的画面显示出来,记录在线检测的参数、设备运行状态和过程参数的历史曲线、实时诊断和报警,实现对整个蒸汽养护工艺流程和设备运行状态的实时监控。
The quality and production efficiency of concrete components and cement production should be improved with the development of infrastructure construction.
Steam preservation kiln is the main equipment for producing concrete component and cement production. Currently, the steam preservation kiln is mainly controled by hand. The manual control mode has lots of shortcomings, such as low precision and bad efficiency. So the manual control mode can't accomplish the task of control and affect the quality of the concrete component and cement production, energy consumption, and the economic benefits of enterprises. Therefore, it has a major practical significance to study the steam preservation monitoring system.
On the basis of discussing the application of industrial computer control systems and by analyzing producing process of steam preservation, this thesis presents a monitor and control system on steam preservation based on Microsoft Visual Basic, which can replace current manual control mode. According to the temperature control characteristics, such as time-delay and nonlinear, in steam preservation, the fuzzy parameter self-tuning PID control is used to improve the temperature control precision.
Firstly, the thesis presents an overall design plan of the monitor and control system on steam preservation. The control system works by the following steps: the sensor acquires temperature signal from the kiln, the data is sent to Industrial Personal Computer(IPC) by the temperature meter after adjusted, the controller deals with the data and exports a output voltage by D/A card to adjust the flow of the steam, as a result, the temperature of the kiln is automatically controlled.
Secondly, the control method in this system is discussed, including the selection of thecontrol method, the design of the fuzzy-PID and the design of the fuzzy-PID controller, it also validates the theory by using Simulink in MATLAB.
Finally, the thesis presents the software development of the control system. The control system is analyzed and designed with the object oriented software engineering method. The developing tool is Microsoft Visual Basic 6.0. The user interface is easy to use and the ability of control is powerful. The system can display procedure craft of steam preservation directly, record online parameters, equipment status, the historical parameters of the process, real-time diagnosis and alarm. So the system can implement real-time control of the whole steam preservation.
引文
1.王顺晃,舒迪前.智能控制系统及其应用[M].机械工业出版社,1998
2.贾耀东.蒸汽高性能混凝土引气若干问题的研究[D]:[硕士学位论文].北京:铁道部科学研究所材料系,2005
3.蒋文娟.基于以太网控制器7188E的压缩机远程监控系统[D]:[硕士学位论文].上海:东华大学计算机科学与技术学院,2005
4.李人厚.智能控制理论和方法[M].西安电子科技大学,1998
5.胡寿松.自动控制原理[M].科学出版社,2001
6.陈杰,王庆林.智能模糊变结构PLC控制[C].东北大学出版社,1994,674-676
7.苏薇.模糊PID的研究[J].工业仪表与自动化装置,2001(2).9-10,35
8.李介明.火电厂DCS现状与发展趋势[J].长沙电力学院学报(自然科学版),1997(5).201-205
9.Evangelos Petroutsos.Visual Basic 5从入门到精通[M].北京:电子工业出版社,1997
10.陶永华.新型PID控制及其应用[M].北京:机械工业出版社.2002.9.101-103
11.T.Hasegawa,S.Horikawa,T.Furuhashi and Y.Uchikawa:On design of adaptive fuzzy controller using fuzzy neural networks and a description of its dynamical behavior[R],Fuzzy Sets and Systems,Vol.71 No.1,pp.3-23,1995
12.G.Adachi,S.Horikawa,T.Furuhashi and Y.Uchikawa:A New Linguistic Design Method of Fuzzy Controller Using a Description of Dynamical Behavior of Fuzzy Control Systems[J/OL],Proceedings of ACC'95,pp.2282-2286,1995
13.Ning Wang,A fuzzy PID controller for multi-model plants,Proceedings 2002International Conference on Machine Learning and Cybernetics,2002(3),1401-1404
14.P.B.Deshpande,Improve quality control on-line with PID controllers,chemical Engineering Progress,1991,71-76
15.李兵.模糊PID液位控制系统的研究与实现[D]:[硕士学位论文].合肥:合肥工业大学,2006
16.亢海伟,杨庆芬,王硕禾.模糊控制与PID控制的内在联系[J].石家庄铁道学院学报,2000
17.孙增忻,张再兴,邓志东.智能控制理论与技术[M],清华大学出版社,北京,1997
18.Kazemian,H.B.Development of an intelligent fuzzy controller,The Tenth IEEE International Conference on Fuzzy Systems,2001,517-520
19.Peng Wang,K wok,D.P..Analysis and synthesis of an intelligent control system based on fuzzy logic and the PID principle,Intelligent Systems Engineering,1992,Vol.1,No.2,157-171
20.米热古丽.艾孜孜.基于MCGS的过程控制系统模糊算法的研究[D]:[硕士学位论文].新疆:新疆大学电气工程学院,2006
21.张粤.青霉素发酵罐温度模糊控制[J].计算机测量与控制,2002,10(2),115-117
22.周基鉴,李祖枢,陈民铀.智能控制及其展望[J].信息与控制,1987,16(2):32-40
23.张晓军.基于组态软件的轨道板蒸汽养护监控系统的研究[D]:[硕士学位论文].无锡:江南大学通信与控制工程学院,2008
24.易继错,侯媛彬.智能控制技术[M].北京:北京工业大学出版社,2003,139-216
25.邵裕森,戴先中.过程控制工程[M],北京:机械工业出版社,2000,234-255
26.诸静等.模糊控制理论原理与应用[M],北京:机械上业出版社[M],2001,194-1960
27.潘湘高.智能控制技术在制冷装置中的应用研究[D]:[硕士学位论文].湖南:湖南大学电气与信息工程学院,2004
28.苏宏升.真空钎焊炉温温度自动控制系统建模与仿真[J].自动化技术与应用,2004,23(12),26-28,31
29.孙亮.MATLAB语言与控制系统仿真[M],北京:北京工业大学出版社,2001,269-271
30.厦门宇电自动化科技有限公司.AIBUS通讯协议说明.2006
31.谭浩强,薛淑斌,袁玫.Visual Basic程序设计[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2000
32.周颖.Visual Basic 6.0实例精通[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2000
33.于复生,艾兴,王晓晨,王景海.基于Visual Basic的实时测控软件设计[J].微型电脑应用2000,16
2.贾耀东.蒸汽高性能混凝土引气若干问题的研究[D]:[硕士学位论文].北京:铁道部科学研究所材料系,2005
3.蒋文娟.基于以太网控制器7188E的压缩机远程监控系统[D]:[硕士学位论文].上海:东华大学计算机科学与技术学院,2005
4.李人厚.智能控制理论和方法[M].西安电子科技大学,1998
5.胡寿松.自动控制原理[M].科学出版社,2001
6.陈杰,王庆林.智能模糊变结构PLC控制[C].东北大学出版社,1994,674-676
7.苏薇.模糊PID的研究[J].工业仪表与自动化装置,2001(2).9-10,35
8.李介明.火电厂DCS现状与发展趋势[J].长沙电力学院学报(自然科学版),1997(5).201-205
9.Evangelos Petroutsos.Visual Basic 5从入门到精通[M].北京:电子工业出版社,1997
10.陶永华.新型PID控制及其应用[M].北京:机械工业出版社.2002.9.101-103
11.T.Hasegawa,S.Horikawa,T.Furuhashi and Y.Uchikawa:On design of adaptive fuzzy controller using fuzzy neural networks and a description of its dynamical behavior[R],Fuzzy Sets and Systems,Vol.71 No.1,pp.3-23,1995
12.G.Adachi,S.Horikawa,T.Furuhashi and Y.Uchikawa:A New Linguistic Design Method of Fuzzy Controller Using a Description of Dynamical Behavior of Fuzzy Control Systems[J/OL],Proceedings of ACC'95,pp.2282-2286,1995
13.Ning Wang,A fuzzy PID controller for multi-model plants,Proceedings 2002International Conference on Machine Learning and Cybernetics,2002(3),1401-1404
14.P.B.Deshpande,Improve quality control on-line with PID controllers,chemical Engineering Progress,1991,71-76
15.李兵.模糊PID液位控制系统的研究与实现[D]:[硕士学位论文].合肥:合肥工业大学,2006
16.亢海伟,杨庆芬,王硕禾.模糊控制与PID控制的内在联系[J].石家庄铁道学院学报,2000
17.孙增忻,张再兴,邓志东.智能控制理论与技术[M],清华大学出版社,北京,1997
18.Kazemian,H.B.Development of an intelligent fuzzy controller,The Tenth IEEE International Conference on Fuzzy Systems,2001,517-520
19.Peng Wang,K wok,D.P..Analysis and synthesis of an intelligent control system based on fuzzy logic and the PID principle,Intelligent Systems Engineering,1992,Vol.1,No.2,157-171
20.米热古丽.艾孜孜.基于MCGS的过程控制系统模糊算法的研究[D]:[硕士学位论文].新疆:新疆大学电气工程学院,2006
21.张粤.青霉素发酵罐温度模糊控制[J].计算机测量与控制,2002,10(2),115-117
22.周基鉴,李祖枢,陈民铀.智能控制及其展望[J].信息与控制,1987,16(2):32-40
23.张晓军.基于组态软件的轨道板蒸汽养护监控系统的研究[D]:[硕士学位论文].无锡:江南大学通信与控制工程学院,2008
24.易继错,侯媛彬.智能控制技术[M].北京:北京工业大学出版社,2003,139-216
25.邵裕森,戴先中.过程控制工程[M],北京:机械工业出版社,2000,234-255
26.诸静等.模糊控制理论原理与应用[M],北京:机械上业出版社[M],2001,194-1960
27.潘湘高.智能控制技术在制冷装置中的应用研究[D]:[硕士学位论文].湖南:湖南大学电气与信息工程学院,2004
28.苏宏升.真空钎焊炉温温度自动控制系统建模与仿真[J].自动化技术与应用,2004,23(12),26-28,31
29.孙亮.MATLAB语言与控制系统仿真[M],北京:北京工业大学出版社,2001,269-271
30.厦门宇电自动化科技有限公司.AIBUS通讯协议说明.2006
31.谭浩强,薛淑斌,袁玫.Visual Basic程序设计[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2000
32.周颖.Visual Basic 6.0实例精通[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2000
33.于复生,艾兴,王晓晨,王景海.基于Visual Basic的实时测控软件设计[J].微型电脑应用2000,16