护士坚韧性人格与工作倦怠的相关研究
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摘要
目的
了解护士的坚韧性人格和工作倦怠状况,探讨护士的坚韧性人格、应对方式及社会支持与工作倦怠之间的关系,为缓解护士工作倦怠,维持护士身心健康,提高工作绩效和稳定护理队伍提供理论依据。
方法
采用便利整群抽样的方法对衡阳市两家三级和两家二级医院750名护士进行问卷,应用五份问卷调查表收集资料:一般资料问卷用来调查护士的人口统计学资料;健康相关坚韧性量表用来了解护士的坚韧性人格特征;简易应对方式问卷用来调查护士的应对方式;社会支持量表用来调查护士所获得的社会支持情况;摩斯腊克工作疲倦量表用来调查护士的工作倦怠状况。
结果
1.护士坚韧性在控制、承诺和挑战三个维度上得分别是4.26±0.576,4.62±0.778,4.71±0.698。护士的工作倦怠程度较严重,80.2%的护士在个人成就感维度上呈现中高度倦怠,61.3%的护士有中高度的情绪疲倦感,54.4%的护士有中高度的工作冷漠感。
2.护士工作倦怠得分在护龄、文化程度、行政职务、技术职称、任职方式、科室、是否轮晚夜班、月均收入和婚姻状况方面,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);护士坚韧性人格得分在医院等级、年龄、护龄、文化程度、行政职务、技术职称、任职方式、科室、月均收入和婚姻状况方面,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。
3.护士坚韧性总分及各维度与EE(情绪疲倦感)、DP(工作冷漠感)维度得分呈负相关,与PA(个人成就感)维度得分呈正相关;护士坚韧性总分及各维度与积极应对得分呈正相关,与消极应对得分呈负相关;护士坚韧性总分及各维度与社会支持总分及各维度得分呈正相关。
4.护士积极应对与消极应对得分均低于常模,差异具有统计学意义。护士积极应对得分与EE(情绪疲倦感)、DP(工作冷漠感)维度得分呈负相关,与PA(个人成就感)维度得分呈正相关;消极应对得分与EE(情绪疲倦感)、DP(工作冷漠感)维度得分呈正相关,与PA(个人成就感)维度得分呈负相关。
5.护士社会支持总分40.92±7.801,护士社会支持总分及各维度得分与EE(情绪疲倦感)、DP(工作冷漠感)维度得分呈负相关,与PA(个人成就感)维度得分呈正相关。
结论
1.护士坚韧性略高于中等水平,工作倦怠程度较严重。
2.护士工作倦怠在护龄、文化程度、行政职务、技术职称、任职方式、科室、是否轮晚夜班、月均收入和婚姻状况方面有差异。
3.护士坚韧性人格在医院等级、年龄、护龄、文化程度、行政职务、技术职称、任职方式、科室、月均收入和婚姻状况方面有差异。
4.护士挑战维度、控制维度、承诺维度、消极应对方式、积极应对方式、客观支持、主观支持和支持利用度是护士工作倦怠的主要影响因素。
5、护士的应对方式和社会支持在坚韧性人格和工作倦怠之间起部分中介作用。
Objectives
To investigate the hardiness and job burnout of nurses and to describe the relationship between different hardiness, coping style, social support and burnout of nurses.To alleviate job burnout, maintaining physical and mental health of nurses, and provide a theoretical basis for achieving staff stability and improving performance.
Methods
This study used a questionnaire survey by facilitating the cluster sampling method to collect data. Data was collected from 750 nurses in two grade-3 hospitals and two grade-2 hospitals in hengyang through 5 kind questionnaire. The demographyic information of nurses was collected using common questionnaire. The information of hardiness of nurses was collected using Health-Related Hardiness Scale. The information of the coping styles of nurses was collected using Simple Coping Styles Questionnaire. The information of the support of the community of nurses was collected using Social Support Rating Scale. The status of burnout of nurses was investigated using Maslach Burnout Inventory.
Results
1. The scores of control, commitment, challenge were 4.26±0.576,4.62±0.778,4.71±0.698.The burnout of nurses was more serious. Eighty point two percent of informants showed moderate or high burnout on the personal accomplishment subscale of the MBI, sixty-one point three percent on the emotional exhaustion subscale, and fifty-four point four percent on the depersonalization subscale.
2. The scores of burnout had statistic significance in terms of the length of service, literacy, position, titles, employment forms, departments, whether taking night shifts, economic conditions and marital status(P<0.05). The scores of hardiness had statistic significance in terms of hospital grade, age, the length of service, literacy, position, titles, employment forms, departments, economic conditions and marital status(P<0.05).
3. Hardiness dimensions of nurses were negatively correlated with emotional exhaust- ion, depersonalization and negative coping style, but positively correlated with personal accomplishment, positive coping style and social support dimentions.
4. The scores of positive and negative coping style were lower than that of common model, and the difference had statistic significance. Positive coping style was negatively correlated with emotional exhaustion and depersonalization, but positively correlated with personal accomplishment. Negative coping style was positively correlated with emotional exhaustion and depersonalization, but negatively correlated with personal accomplishment.
5. The total score of social support was 40.92±7.80.social support dimensions of nurses were negatively correlated with emotional exhaustion and depersonalizati- on, but positively correlated with personal accomplishment.
Conclusion
1. Nurses’hardiness was slightly higher than the average,but job burnout was serious.
2. The score of burnout had statistic significance in terms of the length of service, literacy, position, titles, employment forms, departments, whether taking night shifts, economic conditions and marital status.
3. The score of hardiness had statistic significance in terms of hospital grade, age, the length of service, literacy, position, titles, employment forms, departments, economic conditions and marital status.
4. Nurses’hardiness, positive coping style, negative coping style, objective support, subjective support and support utilization influence job burnout.
5、Nurses’coping style and social support can mediate partly the relationship between hardiness and job burnout.
了解护士的坚韧性人格和工作倦怠状况,探讨护士的坚韧性人格、应对方式及社会支持与工作倦怠之间的关系,为缓解护士工作倦怠,维持护士身心健康,提高工作绩效和稳定护理队伍提供理论依据。
方法
采用便利整群抽样的方法对衡阳市两家三级和两家二级医院750名护士进行问卷,应用五份问卷调查表收集资料:一般资料问卷用来调查护士的人口统计学资料;健康相关坚韧性量表用来了解护士的坚韧性人格特征;简易应对方式问卷用来调查护士的应对方式;社会支持量表用来调查护士所获得的社会支持情况;摩斯腊克工作疲倦量表用来调查护士的工作倦怠状况。
结果
1.护士坚韧性在控制、承诺和挑战三个维度上得分别是4.26±0.576,4.62±0.778,4.71±0.698。护士的工作倦怠程度较严重,80.2%的护士在个人成就感维度上呈现中高度倦怠,61.3%的护士有中高度的情绪疲倦感,54.4%的护士有中高度的工作冷漠感。
2.护士工作倦怠得分在护龄、文化程度、行政职务、技术职称、任职方式、科室、是否轮晚夜班、月均收入和婚姻状况方面,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);护士坚韧性人格得分在医院等级、年龄、护龄、文化程度、行政职务、技术职称、任职方式、科室、月均收入和婚姻状况方面,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。
3.护士坚韧性总分及各维度与EE(情绪疲倦感)、DP(工作冷漠感)维度得分呈负相关,与PA(个人成就感)维度得分呈正相关;护士坚韧性总分及各维度与积极应对得分呈正相关,与消极应对得分呈负相关;护士坚韧性总分及各维度与社会支持总分及各维度得分呈正相关。
4.护士积极应对与消极应对得分均低于常模,差异具有统计学意义。护士积极应对得分与EE(情绪疲倦感)、DP(工作冷漠感)维度得分呈负相关,与PA(个人成就感)维度得分呈正相关;消极应对得分与EE(情绪疲倦感)、DP(工作冷漠感)维度得分呈正相关,与PA(个人成就感)维度得分呈负相关。
5.护士社会支持总分40.92±7.801,护士社会支持总分及各维度得分与EE(情绪疲倦感)、DP(工作冷漠感)维度得分呈负相关,与PA(个人成就感)维度得分呈正相关。
结论
1.护士坚韧性略高于中等水平,工作倦怠程度较严重。
2.护士工作倦怠在护龄、文化程度、行政职务、技术职称、任职方式、科室、是否轮晚夜班、月均收入和婚姻状况方面有差异。
3.护士坚韧性人格在医院等级、年龄、护龄、文化程度、行政职务、技术职称、任职方式、科室、月均收入和婚姻状况方面有差异。
4.护士挑战维度、控制维度、承诺维度、消极应对方式、积极应对方式、客观支持、主观支持和支持利用度是护士工作倦怠的主要影响因素。
5、护士的应对方式和社会支持在坚韧性人格和工作倦怠之间起部分中介作用。
Objectives
To investigate the hardiness and job burnout of nurses and to describe the relationship between different hardiness, coping style, social support and burnout of nurses.To alleviate job burnout, maintaining physical and mental health of nurses, and provide a theoretical basis for achieving staff stability and improving performance.
Methods
This study used a questionnaire survey by facilitating the cluster sampling method to collect data. Data was collected from 750 nurses in two grade-3 hospitals and two grade-2 hospitals in hengyang through 5 kind questionnaire. The demographyic information of nurses was collected using common questionnaire. The information of hardiness of nurses was collected using Health-Related Hardiness Scale. The information of the coping styles of nurses was collected using Simple Coping Styles Questionnaire. The information of the support of the community of nurses was collected using Social Support Rating Scale. The status of burnout of nurses was investigated using Maslach Burnout Inventory.
Results
1. The scores of control, commitment, challenge were 4.26±0.576,4.62±0.778,4.71±0.698.The burnout of nurses was more serious. Eighty point two percent of informants showed moderate or high burnout on the personal accomplishment subscale of the MBI, sixty-one point three percent on the emotional exhaustion subscale, and fifty-four point four percent on the depersonalization subscale.
2. The scores of burnout had statistic significance in terms of the length of service, literacy, position, titles, employment forms, departments, whether taking night shifts, economic conditions and marital status(P<0.05). The scores of hardiness had statistic significance in terms of hospital grade, age, the length of service, literacy, position, titles, employment forms, departments, economic conditions and marital status(P<0.05).
3. Hardiness dimensions of nurses were negatively correlated with emotional exhaust- ion, depersonalization and negative coping style, but positively correlated with personal accomplishment, positive coping style and social support dimentions.
4. The scores of positive and negative coping style were lower than that of common model, and the difference had statistic significance. Positive coping style was negatively correlated with emotional exhaustion and depersonalization, but positively correlated with personal accomplishment. Negative coping style was positively correlated with emotional exhaustion and depersonalization, but negatively correlated with personal accomplishment.
5. The total score of social support was 40.92±7.80.social support dimensions of nurses were negatively correlated with emotional exhaustion and depersonalizati- on, but positively correlated with personal accomplishment.
Conclusion
1. Nurses’hardiness was slightly higher than the average,but job burnout was serious.
2. The score of burnout had statistic significance in terms of the length of service, literacy, position, titles, employment forms, departments, whether taking night shifts, economic conditions and marital status.
3. The score of hardiness had statistic significance in terms of hospital grade, age, the length of service, literacy, position, titles, employment forms, departments, economic conditions and marital status.
4. Nurses’hardiness, positive coping style, negative coping style, objective support, subjective support and support utilization influence job burnout.
5、Nurses’coping style and social support can mediate partly the relationship between hardiness and job burnout.
引文
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