线性化PWM信号的Buck-Boost DC/DC转换器设计
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摘要
本论文设计工作来源于科研项目“电源管理类集成电路关键技术的理论研究与设计”,主要研究高效率DC/DC转换器芯片的设计实现方法。
本文首先讨论分析了各种DC/DC转换器的基本拓扑结构,并且探讨了如何实现DC/DC转换器在宽电压范围和宽负载范围内保持高转换效率的控制。以此为基础,设计出了一款新颖的低压高效、升降压型DC/DC转换器XD8069。
本文详细地介绍了DC/DC转换器XD8069的系统设计方案、关键功能模块电路的设计,以及各项功能和性能指标的仿真验证。设计中采用了使脉冲宽度调制(PWM)信号线性变化的新颖设计思路,实现了在全占空比范围内PWM调节的线性化和高精度。在XD8069电路设计中采用了同步整流控制技术,省去了外接肖特基二极管,节省了PCB板空间,降低了功率消耗。同时还包含了3种工作模式控制方案以及降压、升压和升降压三种工作区间,使得芯片在较宽的电压范围和各种负载条件下都可以保持较高的转换效率。
整个电路基于Hynix 0.5μm CMOS工艺设计,利用Cadence、Hspice等软件对电路进行仿真、验证。仿真结果显示,电路功能和性能指标均达到设计要求。
The paper is based on the project "Theoretical research and design of key technique for power management IC". This paper studies the systematic design and the implementation of high efficiency DC/DC converter.
Firstly, a discussion of the basic topology circuits of DC/DC converter is made. Secondly, a study of the schemes for DC/DC converter keeping the high conversion efficiency over a wide range of voltage and load conditions is made. And then, on the basis of these, a novel low voltage, high efficiency Buck-Boost DC/DC converter XD8069 is designed.
The detailed system design and the circuit designs of the key sub-blocks of XD8069 are given. And the simulation of all functions and electrical characteristics are presented. XD8069 adopts the new design idea called linearizing the pulse-width modulated (PWM) signal to realize the linear pulse-width modulation systems over a full range of duty cycles. This new idea is helpful for the control system of XD8069 to become a highly accurate and linear pulse-width modulation system. With the internal synchronous switches to take place the external Schottky diodes, the XD8069 reduces the power consumption and saves the PCB area and system cost. XD8069 includes three operation modes and the Buck, Boost and Buck-Boost operation regions to keep the high conversion efficiency over a wide range of voltage and load conditions.
The design of XD8069 is based on the Hynix 0.5μm CMOS process and simulated by Cadence, Hspice. According to the simulation results, the function and performance of XD8069 has met the requirement.
本文首先讨论分析了各种DC/DC转换器的基本拓扑结构,并且探讨了如何实现DC/DC转换器在宽电压范围和宽负载范围内保持高转换效率的控制。以此为基础,设计出了一款新颖的低压高效、升降压型DC/DC转换器XD8069。
本文详细地介绍了DC/DC转换器XD8069的系统设计方案、关键功能模块电路的设计,以及各项功能和性能指标的仿真验证。设计中采用了使脉冲宽度调制(PWM)信号线性变化的新颖设计思路,实现了在全占空比范围内PWM调节的线性化和高精度。在XD8069电路设计中采用了同步整流控制技术,省去了外接肖特基二极管,节省了PCB板空间,降低了功率消耗。同时还包含了3种工作模式控制方案以及降压、升压和升降压三种工作区间,使得芯片在较宽的电压范围和各种负载条件下都可以保持较高的转换效率。
整个电路基于Hynix 0.5μm CMOS工艺设计,利用Cadence、Hspice等软件对电路进行仿真、验证。仿真结果显示,电路功能和性能指标均达到设计要求。
The paper is based on the project "Theoretical research and design of key technique for power management IC". This paper studies the systematic design and the implementation of high efficiency DC/DC converter.
Firstly, a discussion of the basic topology circuits of DC/DC converter is made. Secondly, a study of the schemes for DC/DC converter keeping the high conversion efficiency over a wide range of voltage and load conditions is made. And then, on the basis of these, a novel low voltage, high efficiency Buck-Boost DC/DC converter XD8069 is designed.
The detailed system design and the circuit designs of the key sub-blocks of XD8069 are given. And the simulation of all functions and electrical characteristics are presented. XD8069 adopts the new design idea called linearizing the pulse-width modulated (PWM) signal to realize the linear pulse-width modulation systems over a full range of duty cycles. This new idea is helpful for the control system of XD8069 to become a highly accurate and linear pulse-width modulation system. With the internal synchronous switches to take place the external Schottky diodes, the XD8069 reduces the power consumption and saves the PCB area and system cost. XD8069 includes three operation modes and the Buck, Boost and Buck-Boost operation regions to keep the high conversion efficiency over a wide range of voltage and load conditions.
The design of XD8069 is based on the Hynix 0.5μm CMOS process and simulated by Cadence, Hspice. According to the simulation results, the function and performance of XD8069 has met the requirement.
引文
[1]Alan B. Grebene, Bipolar and MOS Analog Integrated Circuit Design.1984
[2]Paul R. Gray, Paul J. Hurst, Stephen H.Lewis, et al., Analysis and Design of Analog Integrated Circuits.4th.2000
[3]Sherif H.K. Embabi, Abdellatif Bellaouar, Mohamed I. Elmasry.Digital BiCMOS Integrated Circuit Design.1993
[4]James E. Buchnan, BiCMOS/CMOS Systems Design.1991
[5]Behzad Razavi, Design of Analog CMOS Integrated Circuits.2001
[6]Georges Gielen, Willy Sansen.Symbolic Analysis for Automated Design of Analog Integrated Circuits.1991
[7]R.D.Middlebrook, Small-Signal Modeling of Pulse-Width Modulated Switched-Mode Power, Proceedings of the IEEE, Vol.76, NO.4, April 1988
[8]Vatche Vorperian, Simplified Analysis of PWM Converters Using Model of PWM Switch. Continuous Conduction Mode, IEEE Transactions On Aerospace and Electronic System, Vol 24,No 3,May 1990
[9]James C. Daly, Denis P. Galipeau, Analog BiCMOS Design:Practices and Pitfalls.1999
[10]Shmuel Ben-Yaakov, The Unified Switched Inductor Model, The 17th Convention of Electrical and Electronics Engineers In Israel, pp.320-333, Kfar Hamaccabia, 1991
[11]Siew Kuok Hoon, Eddie Yu, Jun Chen, Analysis and Simulation of Switching Regulators Using A Circuit-Oriented Model in MATLAB, IEEE Conference, Mon 2000
[12]Mohammed Ismail, Terri Fiez. Analog VLSI Signal and Informati on Processing.1994
[13]Roubik Gregorian. Introduction to CMOS OP-AMPS and comparators. John Wiley and & SONS, INC.1999
[14]Cadence Component Description Format User Guide.2000
[15]Linear technology application note AN-76.1999
[16]Hspice User's Manual, Volume 3 Analysis and Methods.Hspice Version H92
[17]Star-Hspice Manual.1999
[18]Control Circuit and Method for Maintaining High Efficiency in a Buck-Boost Switching Regulator. US Patent No.6166527
[19]DC to DC converter with high efficiency for light loads. US Patent. No.5912552
[20]Unitrode application note U97. Modelling analysis and compensation of the current-mode converte
[21]Maxim application note. Source Resistance The Efficiency Killer in DC/DC Converter Circuits.2000
[22]K.Kit Sum Switch Mode power conversion and selected topic in analog electronics.1993
[23]Phillip E. Allen, Douglas R. Holberg.CMOS Analog Circuit Design.(second edition).电子工业出版社.2002”
[24]Ken Martin Digital Integrated Circuit Design.电子工业出版社.2002
[25]Bo Zhang. Power Semiconductor Devices and Smart Power ICs. (second edition).2001
[26]Robert B. Northrop. Analog Electronic Circuits.1989
[27]Anthony John Stratakos. High-Efficiency LowVoltage DC/DC conversion For Portable.1999
[28]Jack Palczynski. Considerations in Powering BiCMOS ICs. Unitrode Design Note, 1999
[29]Cadence Dracula Refences.1998
[30]Isaac Zafrany and Sam Ben-Yaakov. A Chaos model of subharmonic oscillations in current mode pwm boost converters.1999
[31]朱正涌.半导体集成电路.清华大学出版社.2001
[32]华伟.开关电源PWM的五种反馈控制模式研究.2002
[33]李玉山,来新泉.电子系统集成设计技术.电子工业出版社.2002
[34]Cral Blake.肖特基和FET整流技术的比较.电子工程专辑.2002
[35]复旦大学微电子教研组编.集成电路设计原理——模拟集成电路.高教教教育出版社.1984.6
[36]Dave Bell.低功率dc/dc转换器提高手持设备的电池寿命
[37]孙肖子,张畴先,谈文心等.电子线路基础.西安电子科技大学出版社.1998
[38]吴运昌.模拟电子线路基础.华南理工大学出版社.2001
[39]Junyang Luo, Meng Kiat Jeoh, Marc Fahlenkamp.待机功耗极低的创新 SMPS控制方法.EDN电子技术2003
[40]王剑.提高同步整流器的栅极驱动技术。EDN电子技术2003
[41]Rich Valley.电源技术发展迅速,DC/DC转换器设计日益复杂.2001
[42]梁适安.转换式电源供给器原理与设计.全华科技图书股份有限公司.1990
[2]Paul R. Gray, Paul J. Hurst, Stephen H.Lewis, et al., Analysis and Design of Analog Integrated Circuits.4th.2000
[3]Sherif H.K. Embabi, Abdellatif Bellaouar, Mohamed I. Elmasry.Digital BiCMOS Integrated Circuit Design.1993
[4]James E. Buchnan, BiCMOS/CMOS Systems Design.1991
[5]Behzad Razavi, Design of Analog CMOS Integrated Circuits.2001
[6]Georges Gielen, Willy Sansen.Symbolic Analysis for Automated Design of Analog Integrated Circuits.1991
[7]R.D.Middlebrook, Small-Signal Modeling of Pulse-Width Modulated Switched-Mode Power, Proceedings of the IEEE, Vol.76, NO.4, April 1988
[8]Vatche Vorperian, Simplified Analysis of PWM Converters Using Model of PWM Switch. Continuous Conduction Mode, IEEE Transactions On Aerospace and Electronic System, Vol 24,No 3,May 1990
[9]James C. Daly, Denis P. Galipeau, Analog BiCMOS Design:Practices and Pitfalls.1999
[10]Shmuel Ben-Yaakov, The Unified Switched Inductor Model, The 17th Convention of Electrical and Electronics Engineers In Israel, pp.320-333, Kfar Hamaccabia, 1991
[11]Siew Kuok Hoon, Eddie Yu, Jun Chen, Analysis and Simulation of Switching Regulators Using A Circuit-Oriented Model in MATLAB, IEEE Conference, Mon 2000
[12]Mohammed Ismail, Terri Fiez. Analog VLSI Signal and Informati on Processing.1994
[13]Roubik Gregorian. Introduction to CMOS OP-AMPS and comparators. John Wiley and & SONS, INC.1999
[14]Cadence Component Description Format User Guide.2000
[15]Linear technology application note AN-76.1999
[16]Hspice User's Manual, Volume 3 Analysis and Methods.Hspice Version H92
[17]Star-Hspice Manual.1999
[18]Control Circuit and Method for Maintaining High Efficiency in a Buck-Boost Switching Regulator. US Patent No.6166527
[19]DC to DC converter with high efficiency for light loads. US Patent. No.5912552
[20]Unitrode application note U97. Modelling analysis and compensation of the current-mode converte
[21]Maxim application note. Source Resistance The Efficiency Killer in DC/DC Converter Circuits.2000
[22]K.Kit Sum Switch Mode power conversion and selected topic in analog electronics.1993
[23]Phillip E. Allen, Douglas R. Holberg.CMOS Analog Circuit Design.(second edition).电子工业出版社.2002”
[24]Ken Martin Digital Integrated Circuit Design.电子工业出版社.2002
[25]Bo Zhang. Power Semiconductor Devices and Smart Power ICs. (second edition).2001
[26]Robert B. Northrop. Analog Electronic Circuits.1989
[27]Anthony John Stratakos. High-Efficiency LowVoltage DC/DC conversion For Portable.1999
[28]Jack Palczynski. Considerations in Powering BiCMOS ICs. Unitrode Design Note, 1999
[29]Cadence Dracula Refences.1998
[30]Isaac Zafrany and Sam Ben-Yaakov. A Chaos model of subharmonic oscillations in current mode pwm boost converters.1999
[31]朱正涌.半导体集成电路.清华大学出版社.2001
[32]华伟.开关电源PWM的五种反馈控制模式研究.2002
[33]李玉山,来新泉.电子系统集成设计技术.电子工业出版社.2002
[34]Cral Blake.肖特基和FET整流技术的比较.电子工程专辑.2002
[35]复旦大学微电子教研组编.集成电路设计原理——模拟集成电路.高教教教育出版社.1984.6
[36]Dave Bell.低功率dc/dc转换器提高手持设备的电池寿命
[37]孙肖子,张畴先,谈文心等.电子线路基础.西安电子科技大学出版社.1998
[38]吴运昌.模拟电子线路基础.华南理工大学出版社.2001
[39]Junyang Luo, Meng Kiat Jeoh, Marc Fahlenkamp.待机功耗极低的创新 SMPS控制方法.EDN电子技术2003
[40]王剑.提高同步整流器的栅极驱动技术。EDN电子技术2003
[41]Rich Valley.电源技术发展迅速,DC/DC转换器设计日益复杂.2001
[42]梁适安.转换式电源供给器原理与设计.全华科技图书股份有限公司.1990