基于构件的网构软件组装技术研究
摘要
随着网络技术迅猛发展,网络提供了一个开放、动态、多变的运行环境。在这样的环境下软件往往具有一些有别于传统软件的基本特征,包括自主性、演化性、协同性、多态性和反应性等,具有这样基本特征的软件称为网构软件(Internetware)。
网构软件呈现出的新特点,使现有的软件方法和软件结构暴露不足。从体系结构入手进行软件开发和维护在理念、主旨、过程上与网构软件的开发是匹配的,能有效支持网构软件的开发。软件体系结构与主流软件开发方法的结合提高了软件重用的抽象层次及软件的开发效率。从软件体系结构层次开始,设计与开发软件系统,工作的重点从类的编程与继承转向了构件、连接子等第一类实体的规约与组装上。系统的性强烈地依赖于构件间交互的特征。
目前,基于构件的软件开发模式,致力于通过构件组装的方式来建造软件系统。构件是为了复用和组装的目的而设计的,但是在构件的组装过程中常常会碰到组装不匹配的问题。文章中提出的连接子就可以解决这个问题,把连接子看作与构件一样的第一类实体,实现构件的功能代码和通讯代码的分离,不仅加强了组装的灵活性,而且增强了软件体系结构的适应能力。
在对网构软件的特性和组装原理进行分析研究的基础上,提出了基于构件的网构软件组装方法,本文主要工作包括:(1)对组装中用到的结构模型构件和连接子用不同的方式进行了详细的描述;(2)在构件组装技术上采用连接子方法,用XML语言详细描述了其过程;(3)在对构件的管理上采用构件库,给出了构件库的体系结构图。(4)最后给出一个基于构件的网构软件装技术的开发实例。
With the rapid development of network technology, the network provides an open, dynamic, ever-changing operating environment. In such an environment the software that is often different from the traditional software has some basic characteristics, including autonomy, evolutionary, collaborative, polymorphism and responsiveness, etc. the software with thoses features is called Internetware .
Internetware has shown the new features, so that existing software methods and software structure are under-exposure. Starting from the architecture of software the development and maintenance in the concept, subject and process match with Internetware development, can effectively support Internetware. The combination of Architecture and the mainstream software development methods is to improve the abstraction level of software reuse and software development efficiency. From the beginning level of software architecture, design and development of software systems, the focus programming and inheritance from the class turned components, connectivity sub-entities such as the first category on the statute and the assembly. But the performance of the system also strongly dependent on the characteristics of interaction between components.
At present, the model based on component-based software development, is working to build software systems through the component assembly approach. Components are assembled in order to re-use and designed for the purpose, but in the component assembly processing ,not matching problems often happen. In the article, the mentioned connector can solve this problem, to connect with connector as a first class entities in the same building blocks to achieve components of the function code and communications code separation, not only to enhance the flexibility of the assembly, but also enhanced the software system structural adaptability.
Thought analysis of Internetware features and Internetware composition principles ,bring forward Internetware composition based on component that main duties include: (1) component and connector used in the composition are carried out a detailed description; (2)in the composition technology used to connector method, the process is described in detail using XML language;(3) in the management of the component using component library, component library system gives the architecture chart ;(4) Finally, a component-based Internetware installed instance of technology research is given.
网构软件呈现出的新特点,使现有的软件方法和软件结构暴露不足。从体系结构入手进行软件开发和维护在理念、主旨、过程上与网构软件的开发是匹配的,能有效支持网构软件的开发。软件体系结构与主流软件开发方法的结合提高了软件重用的抽象层次及软件的开发效率。从软件体系结构层次开始,设计与开发软件系统,工作的重点从类的编程与继承转向了构件、连接子等第一类实体的规约与组装上。系统的性强烈地依赖于构件间交互的特征。
目前,基于构件的软件开发模式,致力于通过构件组装的方式来建造软件系统。构件是为了复用和组装的目的而设计的,但是在构件的组装过程中常常会碰到组装不匹配的问题。文章中提出的连接子就可以解决这个问题,把连接子看作与构件一样的第一类实体,实现构件的功能代码和通讯代码的分离,不仅加强了组装的灵活性,而且增强了软件体系结构的适应能力。
在对网构软件的特性和组装原理进行分析研究的基础上,提出了基于构件的网构软件组装方法,本文主要工作包括:(1)对组装中用到的结构模型构件和连接子用不同的方式进行了详细的描述;(2)在构件组装技术上采用连接子方法,用XML语言详细描述了其过程;(3)在对构件的管理上采用构件库,给出了构件库的体系结构图。(4)最后给出一个基于构件的网构软件装技术的开发实例。
With the rapid development of network technology, the network provides an open, dynamic, ever-changing operating environment. In such an environment the software that is often different from the traditional software has some basic characteristics, including autonomy, evolutionary, collaborative, polymorphism and responsiveness, etc. the software with thoses features is called Internetware .
Internetware has shown the new features, so that existing software methods and software structure are under-exposure. Starting from the architecture of software the development and maintenance in the concept, subject and process match with Internetware development, can effectively support Internetware. The combination of Architecture and the mainstream software development methods is to improve the abstraction level of software reuse and software development efficiency. From the beginning level of software architecture, design and development of software systems, the focus programming and inheritance from the class turned components, connectivity sub-entities such as the first category on the statute and the assembly. But the performance of the system also strongly dependent on the characteristics of interaction between components.
At present, the model based on component-based software development, is working to build software systems through the component assembly approach. Components are assembled in order to re-use and designed for the purpose, but in the component assembly processing ,not matching problems often happen. In the article, the mentioned connector can solve this problem, to connect with connector as a first class entities in the same building blocks to achieve components of the function code and communications code separation, not only to enhance the flexibility of the assembly, but also enhanced the software system structural adaptability.
Thought analysis of Internetware features and Internetware composition principles ,bring forward Internetware composition based on component that main duties include: (1) component and connector used in the composition are carried out a detailed description; (2)in the composition technology used to connector method, the process is described in detail using XML language;(3) in the management of the component using component library, component library system gives the architecture chart ;(4) Finally, a component-based Internetware installed instance of technology research is given.
引文
[1]KatharineWhitehead.Component-based D evelopment[M],王海鹏,沈华峰译,北京,人民邮电出版社,2003,3-4.
[2]Clemens Szyperski.Component Software:Beyond Object-Oriented Programming,2nd edition[M],王千祥等译,北京,电子工业出版社,2004.
[3]Ed Roman.Mastering Enterprise JavaBeans(Second Edition)[M],John Wiley&Sons,Inc.,2002.
[4]Ted Faison.Component-Based Development with Visual C#[M],Hungry Minds,Inc,2002.
[5]Mei H,Chang JC,Yang FQ.Software component composition based on ADL and middleware.Science in china(F),2001,44(2):136-151.
[6]吕建,马晓星,陶先平,徐锋.网构软件的研究与进展.中国科学E刊,信息科学,2006,36(10):1037-1080
[7]Wang G,Ungar L,Klawitter D.Component Assembly for 00 Distributed System[J].IEEE Computer,1999,32(7):71-78
[8]王志坚,费玉奎,娄渊清.软件构件技术及其应用.科学出版社,2005.4:1-170
[9]Mili H,Marcotte O,Kabbaj A.Intelligent Component Retrieval for SoftwareReuse Proc.3rd Maghrebian Conf.on Artificial Intelligence,and sofiwareEng.,Rabat,Morocco,1994-04:101-114
[10]Xia Cai,Michael R.Lyu,et al.Component-Based Software Engineering:Technologies,Development Frameworks,and Quailty Assurance Schemes,Proceedings of the SeventhAsia- Pacific Software Engineering Conference(APSEC.00),2 000:37 2-379
[11]A.W.Brown,K.C.W allnau.The current state of CBSE,IEE Software,198,Sept.,pp:37-46
[12]Capt Gary Haines,David Canvey,et al.Component-Based Software Development/COTSIntegration.http://www.sei.emu.edu/str/descriptions/ebsdbody.h tml,2000.
[14]李海波,战德臣,徐晓飞.基于工作流引擎的构件组装体系结构.软件学报.[J],2006,17(6).
[15]Yan Xia,Anthony Tung Shuen Ho,CIMO-Component Integration Model,Proceedings of the Seventh Asia-Pacific Software Engineering Conference(APSEC.00),2000.
[16]Stephen S.Yau and Ning Dong,Integration in Component-Based Software Development Using Design Pattenrs,Proceedings of the Twenty-Fourth AnnualIn tenrationalc omputers ottware&Applications Conference,2000.
[17]Michihiro Matsumoto,Kokichi Futasugi.The Support Tool for Highly Reliable Component-based Software Development,Proceedings of the Seventh Asia-Pacific Soft ware Engineering Conference(A PS EC.00),2000.
[18]Bridget Spitzagel and David Garlan,A Compositional Approach for Constructing Connectors,Proceedings of the Working IEEE/IFIP Conference on Software Architecture (WICSA.01),20 01.
[19]Zhong Wang,Zhongxian Chi,Chen-guang Wang.MAC:a Component Reuse Architecture Based on Multi-Agent A dapter,Proceedings of the14th IEEE In tenrational Conference on A utomated Software Engineering,Cocoa Beach,Florida,12-1.50 ctober,1999.
[20]Luc Betlissard,Fabienne Boyer,Michel Riveitt.System Services for Distributed Application Configuration,In P roc.Of the 4th IEEEI nternational Conference on Configurable Distributed Systems,(ICCDS'98),Annapolis MD,May4-6,1998.
[21]Nicholas Nicoloudis,Christine Mingins.Implementing Trading Object Service in COM,Proceedig of 36th Intenrational Conference onTechnologyof Object-Oriented Language and Systems(TOOLS-Aisa'00),X i'an,China,30 Octcber-ON ovember2000.
[22]艾萍,倪伟新。基于构件的水利领域软件标准化基础研究,水利学报,2003,12:104-107
[23]Mili H,Mili A,Yacoub S,Addy E.Reuse-Based Software Engineering Techniques,Organization,and Controls.New York:John Wiley and Sons Inc.,2002
[24]STARS Technical Committee.Asset Library Open Architecture Framework:Version 1.2.Informal Technology Report,STARS-TC-04041/001/02,August 1992.
[25]杨芙清,梅宏,李克勤.软件复用与软件构件技术.电子学报,1999,27(2):68-75.
[26]上海构件库网站.http://www.sstc.org.cn/.
[27]何志军,王少锋.基于可重用构件库的软件重用技术[J].计算机科学,1998,25(6),1998:120-124
[28]逯鹏,赵峰.基于构件/构架的开发方法及其应用[J].郑州工业大学学报,2000,21(4):58-61
[29]Giradi M R,IbrabimB.Automatic indexing of soflwaera rtifacts.In Proc.3rd Int'l Conference of Sof twaer Reuse:Advances in software Reusability.IEEEComputer Society Press,1994,pp.24-32
[30]Ostertag E,et al.Computing similarity in a reuse library system:An AI-based approach,ACMtrans.On Software engineering and ethodology,1992,1(3),pp.205-228.
[31]Isakowitz T,Kauffman R J.Supporting search for reusable software objects,IEEE trans.On Software engineering,1996,22(6):103-112.
[32]Li Kegin,et al.An overview of JB component library system JBCL.In Proc.TOOLS Asia'97 Beiin g,China,1997.
[33]Frakes W B,Pole T P.Proteus:A reuse Library system that supports multiple representation methods.ACM SIGIR Forum,1990,12(1):43-45.
[34]Hafedh Mili,et al.Another nail to the coffin of faceted controlled-vocabulary component classification and retrieval,Proc.Of Symposium on Software Reuse'97,1997.
[35]Prieto-Diaz R,Freeman P.Classification software for reusability,IE EE Software,1987(1):6-16.
[36]Stochwell T,Mclean.Internet information discovery and retrieval tool-cost effective building blocks for asset libraries.In:Proc.Of 6th Workshop on software reuse,1995.
[37]Raggl A,Slany W.A Reusable Iterative Optimization Software Library to Solve Combinatorial Problems with Approximate Reasoning[J].International Jounral of Approximate Reasoning,1998,19(1-2):161-191
[38]钟林辉、谢冰、邵维钟,扩充CDL支持基于构件的系统组装与演化,计算机研究与发展,2002,V ol.39,N o.10
[39]马启波,基于InfoBus的JavaBean构件互连,计算机应用研究,2001
[40]梅宏,黄罡,赵海燕,焦文品.一种以软件体系结构为中心的网构软件开发方法.中国科学(E辑),2006,49(6):702-730.
[41]何兆熊.新编语用学概要.上海:上海外语教育出版社,2000.
[42]孙昌爱、金茂忠、刘超,软件体系结构研究综述,软件学报,2002,Vol.13.No.7
[43]赵会群、孙晶等,软件体系结构性能评价研究,计算机科学,2003,Vol.No.2
[44]李刚、金茂忠,适应性软件体系结构研究,计算机科学,2002,Vol.20,No.2
[45]马启波,基于InfoBus的JavaBean构件互连,计算机应用研究,2001
[46]钟林辉、谢冰、邵维钟,扩充CDL支持基于构件的系统组装与演化,计算机研究与发展,2002,V ol.39,N o.10
[47]艾萍,构件柔性组装描述的形式化方法研究及其在水利领域的应用,博士学位论文,河海大学,2002年12月
[48]刘英 基于软件体系结构连接器的构件组装技术的研究河海大学,硕士学位论文2003年4月
[2]Clemens Szyperski.Component Software:Beyond Object-Oriented Programming,2nd edition[M],王千祥等译,北京,电子工业出版社,2004.
[3]Ed Roman.Mastering Enterprise JavaBeans(Second Edition)[M],John Wiley&Sons,Inc.,2002.
[4]Ted Faison.Component-Based Development with Visual C#[M],Hungry Minds,Inc,2002.
[5]Mei H,Chang JC,Yang FQ.Software component composition based on ADL and middleware.Science in china(F),2001,44(2):136-151.
[6]吕建,马晓星,陶先平,徐锋.网构软件的研究与进展.中国科学E刊,信息科学,2006,36(10):1037-1080
[7]Wang G,Ungar L,Klawitter D.Component Assembly for 00 Distributed System[J].IEEE Computer,1999,32(7):71-78
[8]王志坚,费玉奎,娄渊清.软件构件技术及其应用.科学出版社,2005.4:1-170
[9]Mili H,Marcotte O,Kabbaj A.Intelligent Component Retrieval for SoftwareReuse Proc.3rd Maghrebian Conf.on Artificial Intelligence,and sofiwareEng.,Rabat,Morocco,1994-04:101-114
[10]Xia Cai,Michael R.Lyu,et al.Component-Based Software Engineering:Technologies,Development Frameworks,and Quailty Assurance Schemes,Proceedings of the SeventhAsia- Pacific Software Engineering Conference(APSEC.00),2 000:37 2-379
[11]A.W.Brown,K.C.W allnau.The current state of CBSE,IEE Software,198,Sept.,pp:37-46
[12]Capt Gary Haines,David Canvey,et al.Component-Based Software Development/COTSIntegration.http://www.sei.emu.edu/str/descriptions/ebsdbody.h tml,2000.
[14]李海波,战德臣,徐晓飞.基于工作流引擎的构件组装体系结构.软件学报.[J],2006,17(6).
[15]Yan Xia,Anthony Tung Shuen Ho,CIMO-Component Integration Model,Proceedings of the Seventh Asia-Pacific Software Engineering Conference(APSEC.00),2000.
[16]Stephen S.Yau and Ning Dong,Integration in Component-Based Software Development Using Design Pattenrs,Proceedings of the Twenty-Fourth AnnualIn tenrationalc omputers ottware&Applications Conference,2000.
[17]Michihiro Matsumoto,Kokichi Futasugi.The Support Tool for Highly Reliable Component-based Software Development,Proceedings of the Seventh Asia-Pacific Soft ware Engineering Conference(A PS EC.00),2000.
[18]Bridget Spitzagel and David Garlan,A Compositional Approach for Constructing Connectors,Proceedings of the Working IEEE/IFIP Conference on Software Architecture (WICSA.01),20 01.
[19]Zhong Wang,Zhongxian Chi,Chen-guang Wang.MAC:a Component Reuse Architecture Based on Multi-Agent A dapter,Proceedings of the14th IEEE In tenrational Conference on A utomated Software Engineering,Cocoa Beach,Florida,12-1.50 ctober,1999.
[20]Luc Betlissard,Fabienne Boyer,Michel Riveitt.System Services for Distributed Application Configuration,In P roc.Of the 4th IEEEI nternational Conference on Configurable Distributed Systems,(ICCDS'98),Annapolis MD,May4-6,1998.
[21]Nicholas Nicoloudis,Christine Mingins.Implementing Trading Object Service in COM,Proceedig of 36th Intenrational Conference onTechnologyof Object-Oriented Language and Systems(TOOLS-Aisa'00),X i'an,China,30 Octcber-ON ovember2000.
[22]艾萍,倪伟新。基于构件的水利领域软件标准化基础研究,水利学报,2003,12:104-107
[23]Mili H,Mili A,Yacoub S,Addy E.Reuse-Based Software Engineering Techniques,Organization,and Controls.New York:John Wiley and Sons Inc.,2002
[24]STARS Technical Committee.Asset Library Open Architecture Framework:Version 1.2.Informal Technology Report,STARS-TC-04041/001/02,August 1992.
[25]杨芙清,梅宏,李克勤.软件复用与软件构件技术.电子学报,1999,27(2):68-75.
[26]上海构件库网站.http://www.sstc.org.cn/.
[27]何志军,王少锋.基于可重用构件库的软件重用技术[J].计算机科学,1998,25(6),1998:120-124
[28]逯鹏,赵峰.基于构件/构架的开发方法及其应用[J].郑州工业大学学报,2000,21(4):58-61
[29]Giradi M R,IbrabimB.Automatic indexing of soflwaera rtifacts.In Proc.3rd Int'l Conference of Sof twaer Reuse:Advances in software Reusability.IEEEComputer Society Press,1994,pp.24-32
[30]Ostertag E,et al.Computing similarity in a reuse library system:An AI-based approach,ACMtrans.On Software engineering and ethodology,1992,1(3),pp.205-228.
[31]Isakowitz T,Kauffman R J.Supporting search for reusable software objects,IEEE trans.On Software engineering,1996,22(6):103-112.
[32]Li Kegin,et al.An overview of JB component library system JBCL.In Proc.TOOLS Asia'97 Beiin g,China,1997.
[33]Frakes W B,Pole T P.Proteus:A reuse Library system that supports multiple representation methods.ACM SIGIR Forum,1990,12(1):43-45.
[34]Hafedh Mili,et al.Another nail to the coffin of faceted controlled-vocabulary component classification and retrieval,Proc.Of Symposium on Software Reuse'97,1997.
[35]Prieto-Diaz R,Freeman P.Classification software for reusability,IE EE Software,1987(1):6-16.
[36]Stochwell T,Mclean.Internet information discovery and retrieval tool-cost effective building blocks for asset libraries.In:Proc.Of 6th Workshop on software reuse,1995.
[37]Raggl A,Slany W.A Reusable Iterative Optimization Software Library to Solve Combinatorial Problems with Approximate Reasoning[J].International Jounral of Approximate Reasoning,1998,19(1-2):161-191
[38]钟林辉、谢冰、邵维钟,扩充CDL支持基于构件的系统组装与演化,计算机研究与发展,2002,V ol.39,N o.10
[39]马启波,基于InfoBus的JavaBean构件互连,计算机应用研究,2001
[40]梅宏,黄罡,赵海燕,焦文品.一种以软件体系结构为中心的网构软件开发方法.中国科学(E辑),2006,49(6):702-730.
[41]何兆熊.新编语用学概要.上海:上海外语教育出版社,2000.
[42]孙昌爱、金茂忠、刘超,软件体系结构研究综述,软件学报,2002,Vol.13.No.7
[43]赵会群、孙晶等,软件体系结构性能评价研究,计算机科学,2003,Vol.No.2
[44]李刚、金茂忠,适应性软件体系结构研究,计算机科学,2002,Vol.20,No.2
[45]马启波,基于InfoBus的JavaBean构件互连,计算机应用研究,2001
[46]钟林辉、谢冰、邵维钟,扩充CDL支持基于构件的系统组装与演化,计算机研究与发展,2002,V ol.39,N o.10
[47]艾萍,构件柔性组装描述的形式化方法研究及其在水利领域的应用,博士学位论文,河海大学,2002年12月
[48]刘英 基于软件体系结构连接器的构件组装技术的研究河海大学,硕士学位论文2003年4月