土茯苓和伸筋藤的化学成分研究
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摘要
土茯苓为百合科植物光叶菝葜(Smilax glabra Roxb.)的干燥根茎,为药典收载品种,具有除湿,解毒,通利关节之功效,用于湿热淋浊、带下、痈肿、瘰疬、疥癣、梅毒及汞中毒所致的肢体拘挛、筋骨疼痛。
     从土茯苓的乙醇提取物中,经过多种色谱手段(大孔树脂柱色谱、硅胶柱色谱、常压ODS柱色谱以及HPLC等)共分离得到21个化合物,通过理化常数测定、光谱数据分析及化学方法等,鉴定了19个化合物的结构,包括5个二氢黄酮醇苷类成分、2个木脂素苷类成分、6个酚苷类成分、4个果糖苷类成分、2个芳杂环类成分。其中新化合物1个,鉴定为丁香树脂醇4-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-(1→6)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(6);新天然产物1个,鉴定为2,4,6-三羟基苯乙酮-2,4-二-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(8)。
     已知化合物分别鉴定为落新妇苷(1)、新落新妇苷(2)、异落新妇苷(3)、新异落新妇苷(4)、(2R,3R)-花旗松素-3'-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(5)、8,8′-双丁香苷元葡萄糖苷(7)、3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-1-(4’-羟基—3’,5’-二甲氧基苯基)-1-丙酮(9)、3,4,5-三甲氧基苯基-1-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(10)、3,4,5-三甲氧基苯基-1-O-[β-D-呋喃芹糖基-(1→6)]-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(11)、3,4-二羟基苯乙醇-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(12)、白藜芦醇-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(13)、正丁基-α-D-呋喃果糖苷(14)、正丁基-β-D-呋喃果糖苷(15)、正丁基-β-D-吡喃果糖苷(16)、正丁基-α-D-吡喃果糖苷(17)、尼克酰胺(18)、5-羟甲基糠醛(19)。除化合物1和3以外,其余化合物均为首次从该属植物中分得。
     伸筋藤为防己科植物中华青龙胆(Tinospora sinensis(Lour.)Merr.)的干燥藤茎,收载于《中药大词典》,具有舒筋活络,清热利湿等功效,主治风湿筋骨痛,腰肌劳损,跌打损伤。
     从伸筋藤的乙醇提取物中经过多种色谱手段(大孔树脂柱色谱、硅胶柱色谱、常压ODS柱色谱以及HPLC等)共分离得到20个化合物,通过理化常数测定、光谱数据分析及化学方法等,鉴定了11个化合物的结构,包括4个二萜苷类成分、3个倍半萜苷类成分、3个木脂素苷类成分、1个苯丙素苷类成分。其中新化合物4个,鉴定为伸筋藤苷C(22)、伸筋藤苷D(23)、伸筋藤苷E(25)和
The rhizomes of Smilax glabra Roxb.(Liliaceae) have been extensively used in Chinese traditional medicines, called "Tufuling"for the treatment of syphilis, acute bacterial dysentery, acute and chronic nephritis.
    From the rhizome of Smilax glabra, 21 chemical constituents were isolated by various chromatographic methods. On the basis of UV, IR, NMR, MS data, measurement of physico-chemical characters and chemical method, the structures of 19 compounds were identified as 5 dihydroflavanol glycosides, 2 lignan glycosides, 6 phenolic glycosides, 4 fructosides and 2 heterocycles. Among them, a new compound is (+ )-syringaresinol 4-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 6)-β-D-glucopyranoside(6), a natural compound is 2 , 4 , 6-trihydroxylacetophenone-2 , 4-di-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(8).
    The known compounds are astilbin(1), neoastilbin(2), isoastilbin(3), neoisoastilbin(4), (2R,3R)-taxifolin-3 '-O-β-D-pyranglucoside(5), 8,8'-bidihydro
    siringenin glucoside(7), 3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-1 -(4'-hydroxy-3 ',5 '-dimethoxy phenyl)-1-propanone(9), 3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl-1-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(10),
    3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl-l-O-[β-D-apiofuranosyl-(1 → 6)]-β-D-glucopyranoside(11), 3,4-dihydroxyphenothyl-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(12), resveratrol-3-O-β-D-gluco pyranoside(13), n-butyl-α-D-fructofuranoside(14), n-butyl-β-D- fructofuranoside(15), n-butyl-β-D-fructopyranoside(16), n-butyl-α-D-fructo pyranoside(17), nicotinamide (18), 5-hydroxymethylfiirfural(19)。 Among them, compound 2,4,5,7,9,10,11,12,13, 14,15,16,17,18,19 were isolated from this genus for the first time.
引文
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