不同光照对黄连质量和产量的影响
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摘要
黄连(Coptis chinensis Franch)为荫生植物,其人工栽培生长的大部分时期需要遮阴,不能阳光直射,且随着生长年限的增长,对光照强度的需求也会发生变化,可谓前期喜阴,后期喜阳。光是影响植物生长发育的重要环境因子,作为光合作用的主要能量来源,光不仅为植物提供能量,光照强度(Irradiance)、光照时间(Photoperiod)和光质(Light quality)的改变都会作用于植物并影响其生长代谢。光色对黄连质量和产量以及生理特性的影响至今未见报道,本研究针对这一情况,通过对三年生黄连进行了不同光色处理,不同遮阴度处理,以及不同遮阴模式的处理,研究了不同光照条件对黄连的生长情况以及生理、质量和产量的影响,从而找出可以提高黄连产量和品质的技术措施,为黄连的优质高产提供理论依据。主要研究结果如下:
一、不同光色对黄连质量和产量的影响:黄连在红光处理下的三种生物碱含量均得到提高,受到的胁迫作用比较适宜。并且生长速度较快,根茎产量较高,总生物产量和对照比较差异不显著。
二、不同遮阴度对黄连质量和产量的影响:80%遮阳网处理下的黄连总生物产量高于其他处理,生物碱产量也较高,综合比较,三年生黄连遮阳网棚栽培宜选用80%遮阳网覆盖。
三、不同遮阴模式对黄连质量和产量的影响:五味子棚遮阴模式栽连的黄连总生物产量最高,80%遮阳网棚模式次之,林下栽连和80%遮阳网棚模式差异不大。三种生物碱含量五味子棚遮阴模式栽连均最高。
综合分析,镇坪黄连栽培模式最优选择应该是生态栽连,即采用五味子棚遮阴模式,药药套作,经济效益高,黄连产量和质量也较好,并且在黄连没有收获的年份,五味子的收获可以有效的弥补黄连生长周期长的缺陷。在五味子没有成林前,也可以选择用80%遮阳网暂时替代五味子遮阴,待到五味子成林以后可以撤去遮阳网;在一些不便宜栽培五味子的地区,也可以直接使用80%遮阳网棚模式栽培黄连。遮阳网可以选择红色遮阳网,以期更好的提高黄连的质量和产量。不建议选择林下栽连和简易棚栽连,以免破坏生态环境。
Coptis chinensis Franch is a kind of Like-shady plant,most of the periods of its growth for manual growing needs overshadow.it con not be Shined by Direct sunlight, and with increasing of growth time, the demand for light- Strength will be changing. That is front time for like-shady, late time for like_sunshine..
Light is the most important factor for environment.as the major Energy Source for Photosynthesis,light not only provides enery for plant , also change of Irradiance , Photoperiod and Light quality could affect its Growing metabolic . So far ,effect of light quality on quality and yield and Physical features of coptis chinensis Franch has never be Reported. in view of the present situation, by processing Coptis chinensis Franch of three year for different light quality, different shading and different shade modes, the paper has researched effect on growth , physiology ,quality and yield in different conditions, so as to find the technical measures that how to improve quality and yield, providing theory evidence for high qulity and yield of Coptis chinensis Franch.Here is the main research issue.
1. Effects of light quality on quality and yield of coptis chinensis Franch.: Dealing with it under redlight , three kinds of Alkaloid Content has greatly improved, the menace action is appropriate. And The growth speed is higher, also the yield of roots is higher, there is no significant difference in plant yield as contrast.
2. Effects of light quality on quality and yield of coptis chinensis Franch: if dealing it with Shade net(80%) ,the yield is higher than other ways, Alkaloid Content is also higher. By comprehensive comparison, the most suitable condition for three year coptis chinensis Franch growing is 80%Shade net.
3. Effects of different shading on quality and yield of coptis chinensis Franch :the mode for highest yield is Fructus schisandrae shading systems , middle is Shade net 80% mode,there is no significant difference between undergrowth mode and Shade net 80% coverage mode. For alkaloids concentration , Fructus schisandrae shading mode is the most high, then the undergrowth mode, there is no significant difference between undergrowth mode and Shade net 80% coverage mode.
In short, the best choice for planting mode of Coptis chinensis Franch in zhenPing is ecological cultivation, i.e.,using Fructus schisandrae shading systems, by each other forward intercropping, to produce higher economic benefit and higher qulity ,higher yield of Coptis chinensis Franch.and during the years of not -gained for Coptis chinensis Franch, harvest for Schisandra chinensis could efficiently make up the defect of Coptis chinensis Franch long Growth Circle. Before Schisandra chinensis‘s Groups-growth, you could also choose shade net (80%) take the place of Fructus schisandrae shading ,until Schisandra chinensis‘s Groups-growth,you can remove the shade net; in some areas unfit for planting Schisandra chinensis, it could direct ly use shade net (80%) for Coptis chinensis Franch planting. For choosing shade net, it can be red ,for improving quality and yield of Coptis chinensis Franch further more, it’s not a good suggestion for undergrowth or Simple shading, so as not to damage the ecological environment .
一、不同光色对黄连质量和产量的影响:黄连在红光处理下的三种生物碱含量均得到提高,受到的胁迫作用比较适宜。并且生长速度较快,根茎产量较高,总生物产量和对照比较差异不显著。
二、不同遮阴度对黄连质量和产量的影响:80%遮阳网处理下的黄连总生物产量高于其他处理,生物碱产量也较高,综合比较,三年生黄连遮阳网棚栽培宜选用80%遮阳网覆盖。
三、不同遮阴模式对黄连质量和产量的影响:五味子棚遮阴模式栽连的黄连总生物产量最高,80%遮阳网棚模式次之,林下栽连和80%遮阳网棚模式差异不大。三种生物碱含量五味子棚遮阴模式栽连均最高。
综合分析,镇坪黄连栽培模式最优选择应该是生态栽连,即采用五味子棚遮阴模式,药药套作,经济效益高,黄连产量和质量也较好,并且在黄连没有收获的年份,五味子的收获可以有效的弥补黄连生长周期长的缺陷。在五味子没有成林前,也可以选择用80%遮阳网暂时替代五味子遮阴,待到五味子成林以后可以撤去遮阳网;在一些不便宜栽培五味子的地区,也可以直接使用80%遮阳网棚模式栽培黄连。遮阳网可以选择红色遮阳网,以期更好的提高黄连的质量和产量。不建议选择林下栽连和简易棚栽连,以免破坏生态环境。
Coptis chinensis Franch is a kind of Like-shady plant,most of the periods of its growth for manual growing needs overshadow.it con not be Shined by Direct sunlight, and with increasing of growth time, the demand for light- Strength will be changing. That is front time for like-shady, late time for like_sunshine..
Light is the most important factor for environment.as the major Energy Source for Photosynthesis,light not only provides enery for plant , also change of Irradiance , Photoperiod and Light quality could affect its Growing metabolic . So far ,effect of light quality on quality and yield and Physical features of coptis chinensis Franch has never be Reported. in view of the present situation, by processing Coptis chinensis Franch of three year for different light quality, different shading and different shade modes, the paper has researched effect on growth , physiology ,quality and yield in different conditions, so as to find the technical measures that how to improve quality and yield, providing theory evidence for high qulity and yield of Coptis chinensis Franch.Here is the main research issue.
1. Effects of light quality on quality and yield of coptis chinensis Franch.: Dealing with it under redlight , three kinds of Alkaloid Content has greatly improved, the menace action is appropriate. And The growth speed is higher, also the yield of roots is higher, there is no significant difference in plant yield as contrast.
2. Effects of light quality on quality and yield of coptis chinensis Franch: if dealing it with Shade net(80%) ,the yield is higher than other ways, Alkaloid Content is also higher. By comprehensive comparison, the most suitable condition for three year coptis chinensis Franch growing is 80%Shade net.
3. Effects of different shading on quality and yield of coptis chinensis Franch :the mode for highest yield is Fructus schisandrae shading systems , middle is Shade net 80% mode,there is no significant difference between undergrowth mode and Shade net 80% coverage mode. For alkaloids concentration , Fructus schisandrae shading mode is the most high, then the undergrowth mode, there is no significant difference between undergrowth mode and Shade net 80% coverage mode.
In short, the best choice for planting mode of Coptis chinensis Franch in zhenPing is ecological cultivation, i.e.,using Fructus schisandrae shading systems, by each other forward intercropping, to produce higher economic benefit and higher qulity ,higher yield of Coptis chinensis Franch.and during the years of not -gained for Coptis chinensis Franch, harvest for Schisandra chinensis could efficiently make up the defect of Coptis chinensis Franch long Growth Circle. Before Schisandra chinensis‘s Groups-growth, you could also choose shade net (80%) take the place of Fructus schisandrae shading ,until Schisandra chinensis‘s Groups-growth,you can remove the shade net; in some areas unfit for planting Schisandra chinensis, it could direct ly use shade net (80%) for Coptis chinensis Franch planting. For choosing shade net, it can be red ,for improving quality and yield of Coptis chinensis Franch further more, it’s not a good suggestion for undergrowth or Simple shading, so as not to damage the ecological environment .
引文
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