水泥回转窑窑头电改袋式除尘器气流分布数值模拟应用研究
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摘要
水泥回转窑窑头烟气含尘浓度高,在600—1000g/m~3之间,净化设备为鲁奇型高浓度电除尘器。随着水泥生产工艺进步和粉尘排放标准的提高,采用“电改袋”技术对现役电除尘器进行增效技术改造,即将现役电除尘器改造为袋式除尘器。如何调整除尘器内部气流组织,使滤袋达到设计使用寿命,降低除尘器运行阻力是设计过程需要解决的关键技术。
论文采用CFD方法研究电改袋式除尘器内气流流动状态,通过数值模拟给出除尘器内部流场及压力场,分析除尘器内部气流的流动规律。工程应用要求保证电改袋式除尘器迎面气流速度≤1.2m/s,各滤袋单元处理气体流量分配偏差≤10%。针对某水泥厂6000t/d回转窑窑头鲁奇型高浓度电除尘器改造项目,通过比较数值模拟结果,在滤袋前增加气流分布板和增加灰斗挡风板,确定最终气流分布符合设计要求气流分布装置形式及布置方案。
将数值模拟结果应用于改造项目中,该电改袋式除尘器投运半年以来,运行稳定,经当地环保部门检测,除尘系统出口粉尘排放浓度≤26.6mg/Nm~3,设备运行阻力≤1000Pa。工程应用结果验证了数值模拟方法的可行性,为水泥回转窑窑头高浓度电改袋式除尘器设计提供参考依据。
The dust emissions of Cement Kiln are characterized with high concentrations, in between 600-1000g/m~3. Purification equipment is the high concentration electrostatic precipitator of Lurgi-type. As a result of process improvement of cement production and cement industry emissions standards for air pollutants increased, the "ESP transformation as bag filter" technology on active duty for efficiency improvement retrofit for the ESP, and ESP transformed into bag-house.
In the design process, the key issues are how to adjust velocity profile in the precipitator、ensure that the bag filter life meet the design requirements and reduce running resistance of the Precipitator.
The paper use CFD Study the air flowing state within Changing Electric Precipitator into Fabric Collector, internal flow field and pressure field of precipitator are given by numerical simulation, and analyze internal law of the air flow. Ensure that the gas flow velocity of the bag filter is less than or equal to 1.2m/s in engineering applications, the gas flow deviation of every filter bag cell is less than or equal to 10%. According to numerical simulations of the 6000t/d rotary kiln Cement plant ESP transformation projects, adjusting air distributors, and installation of air distributors in the hopper region, then determine the best form of flow distributors and layout program by comparing the simulation results.
Numerical simulation results will be applied to the actual transformation. Operation stability after the ESP transformation as bag filter put into operation in half year, and detected by the local environmental protection department, dust emission concentration is less than or equal to 26.6mg/Nm~3, resistance of the equipment is less than 1000Pa. Engineering applications demonstrate feasibility of the numerical simulation, reference for high concentration of cement rotary kiln ESP transformation as bag filter design.
论文采用CFD方法研究电改袋式除尘器内气流流动状态,通过数值模拟给出除尘器内部流场及压力场,分析除尘器内部气流的流动规律。工程应用要求保证电改袋式除尘器迎面气流速度≤1.2m/s,各滤袋单元处理气体流量分配偏差≤10%。针对某水泥厂6000t/d回转窑窑头鲁奇型高浓度电除尘器改造项目,通过比较数值模拟结果,在滤袋前增加气流分布板和增加灰斗挡风板,确定最终气流分布符合设计要求气流分布装置形式及布置方案。
将数值模拟结果应用于改造项目中,该电改袋式除尘器投运半年以来,运行稳定,经当地环保部门检测,除尘系统出口粉尘排放浓度≤26.6mg/Nm~3,设备运行阻力≤1000Pa。工程应用结果验证了数值模拟方法的可行性,为水泥回转窑窑头高浓度电改袋式除尘器设计提供参考依据。
The dust emissions of Cement Kiln are characterized with high concentrations, in between 600-1000g/m~3. Purification equipment is the high concentration electrostatic precipitator of Lurgi-type. As a result of process improvement of cement production and cement industry emissions standards for air pollutants increased, the "ESP transformation as bag filter" technology on active duty for efficiency improvement retrofit for the ESP, and ESP transformed into bag-house.
In the design process, the key issues are how to adjust velocity profile in the precipitator、ensure that the bag filter life meet the design requirements and reduce running resistance of the Precipitator.
The paper use CFD Study the air flowing state within Changing Electric Precipitator into Fabric Collector, internal flow field and pressure field of precipitator are given by numerical simulation, and analyze internal law of the air flow. Ensure that the gas flow velocity of the bag filter is less than or equal to 1.2m/s in engineering applications, the gas flow deviation of every filter bag cell is less than or equal to 10%. According to numerical simulations of the 6000t/d rotary kiln Cement plant ESP transformation projects, adjusting air distributors, and installation of air distributors in the hopper region, then determine the best form of flow distributors and layout program by comparing the simulation results.
Numerical simulation results will be applied to the actual transformation. Operation stability after the ESP transformation as bag filter put into operation in half year, and detected by the local environmental protection department, dust emission concentration is less than or equal to 26.6mg/Nm~3, resistance of the equipment is less than 1000Pa. Engineering applications demonstrate feasibility of the numerical simulation, reference for high concentration of cement rotary kiln ESP transformation as bag filter design.
引文
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[3]中国科学院可持续发展研究组.2006中国可持续发展战略报告——建设资源节约型和环境友型社会[M].北京:科学出版社,2006
[4]唐国山,唐复磊.水泥厂电除尘器应用技术[M].化学工业出版社,2005.
[5]刘后启,林宏.电收尘器[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1987
[6]陈涛,杨远刚.袋除尘系统处理窑头废气的设计与应用[J].水泥,2004,No.11
[7]孙庆斌,姜丘陵.低温水泥窑余热锅炉实践中几个问题[J].电站系统工程,2006.07
[8]唐金泉,常子冈.水泥窑纯低温余热发电的若干问题[J].水泥,2005.04
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[10]刘瑜,党朝旭,李彤.水泥回转窑余热发电—可以换钱的节能减排技术[J].中国水泥,2007.8
[11]曾学敏.余热发电为水泥工程再创辉煌[J].中国水,2009.2
[12]郝吉明,马广大.大气污染控制工程[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2002.
[13]稽敬文,陈安琪.锅炉烟气袋式除尘技术[M].中国电力出版社,2006.
[14]党小庆,马娥,胡红胜,刘美玲,黄家玉,庞敏.电改袋式除尘器气流分布数值模拟[J].科技导报,2009,27(5)
[15]党小庆,翟瑛,任燕,李倩婧,樊彦玲,胡红胜,李东阳,施勇,马广大,刘美玲,马娥.袋式除尘器P].2008年11月
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[17]肖宝恒,崔云寿.燃煤电厂电除尘器改造为袋式除尘器的可行性研究[J].电力环境保护,2006,(2)
[18]赵维臣.燃煤锅炉除尘器“电改袋”的改造及应用[J].华北电力技术,2006,No.8
[19]迟志勇.烧结机尾及整粒除尘系统除尘器“电改袋”[J].环境工程,2007(2)
[20]姚群,陈隆枢,韦呜瑞,陈志炜,刘程.大型火电厂锅炉烟气袋式除尘技术与应用[J].安全与环境学报,2005(4)
[21]李凯,杨家龙.电除尘器改布袋除尘器的实践[J].全国能源与热工,2004学术年会
[22]方伟,王永健.窑尾电收尘器改为电—袋收尘技术[J].水泥技术,2007/1
[23]陈隆枢.我国袋式除尘技术的现状和发展[J],冶金环境保护,2003.(1).48-52
[24]E.Rothwell.Fabric Dust Filtration:Principles and Practice.Filtration and separation,vol.17(5),1980
[25]David Leith,Dwight D Gibson,Melvin W.First,Performance of Top and Bottom inlet Pulse-jet Fabric Filters,Journal of the Air Pollution Control Association,1978,696-698.
[26]Croom M L.Effective selection of filter dust collectors.Chemical Engineering [J].1993,100(7)
[27]Christian Andersson,LeifLind.A Critical Review on the Concept of Gas Distribution.Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Electrostatic Precipitation,May.15.2001
[28]杨衡.提高电收尘器效率的气流流型优化与数值模拟.西安建筑科技大学硕士学位论文,2004
[29]党小庆,袁胜利,姚群,陈隆枢,马广大.直通式袋式除尘器流量分配计算流体动力学方法研究[J].热力发电,2005,(9)
[30]N.F.Nielsen,L.Lind.Numerical Modelling of Gas Distribution in Electrostatic Precipitators.Presented at the 8th International Conference on Electrostatic Precipitation,May.15.2001
[31]Veronique Arrondel,Gianluca Bacchiega,Ivo Gallimberti.ESP Modelling:From University Studies to Industrial Application.Presented at the 8th International Conference on Electrostatic Precipitation,May.15.2001
[32]A.G.Hein.Electrostatic Precipitation,Dust Movement and Gas Flow Optimization.Presented at the 8th International Conference on Electrostatic Precipitation,May.15.2001
[33]侯争胜,高海,赵建勇,白峰军,邓文祥,何小民,李永福.计算软件CFX-TASC Flow在电除尘器气流分布均匀性中的应用[J].电力环境保护,2001,(6)
[34]涂建华,袁伟峰,朱培君.电除尘器气流分布的等效阻力法模拟计算[J].环境工程,2004,(5)
[35]张颉,张泽,胡永峰.高浓度电除尘器入口封头气固两相流动的近流线数值模拟[J].化工学报,2004(9)
[36]胡满银,韩祥,刘松涛,刘忠.电除尘器内气流分布特性的研究[J].环境科学与技术,2007(1).
[37]张金萍.通风管道中粒子沉降规律的数值模拟与试验研究[D].西安建筑科技大学博士学位论文,2006
[38]党小庆,杨衡,赵昕慰,马广大.利用计算流体动力学(CFD)方法研究电收尘器斜向气流分布[J].环境工程,2005,(5)
[39]党小庆,刘美玲,马广大,胡红胜,马娥.脉冲袋式除尘器喷吹气流的数值模拟[J].西安建筑科技大学学报(自然科学版),2008,(3)
[40]Mortimer D P,Potts I,Frost T H.Comparison of classical and contemporary methods for prediction of fibrous filter efficiency using computational fluid dynamics(CFD)[J].Journal of Aerosol Science,1996,27(1)
[41]A Aroussi,KSimmons,SJ Picketing.Particulate deposition on candle filters[J].Fuel,2001,80
[42]Cagna M,Boehle M.Application of CFD methods for the simulation of the flow through a filter in dependency ofthe operating time[J].Fluids Engineering Division,2002,257(1)
[43]Chi-Jen Chen,Man-Ting Cheng,Effect of Flow Distributors on Uniformity of Velocity Profile in a Baghouse,Journal ofthe Air & Waste Management Association[J],2005(7)
[44]高晖,郭列锦.除尘器袋室结构改进及内部气固两相流动特征分析.西安交通大学学报[J],2000(5)
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