C波段卫星通信室外单元收发模块的研制
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摘要
卫星通信是现代最重要的通信手段之一,它有通信距离远,宽频带,信息容量大,稳定性好等优点,广泛应用于军事、导航、移动通信等领域。目前使用最广泛,稳定性最好的是C波段的卫星通信网。C波段的上行频率是6GHz,下行频率4GHz。
卫星通信地面站的室外单元(ODU)收发前端电路是整个卫星通信系统的最重要组成部分。它性能直接影响到整个卫星链路通信的质量。本文在详细比较现代不同收发信机体系结构特点的基础上,结合课题指标完成了C波段卫星通信室外单元ODU收发前端电路的设计。所设计的接收机和发射机采用的都是是二次变频方案,共用一组频综单元,具有结构简单,性能优良,成本低,稳定性好等特点。
实验测试结果表明所设计的发射机输出频率范围为5.8GHz~6.6GHz,输出功率(1dB压缩点)为+43dBm(20w),增益范围58.7~90dB,三阶交调抑制度43dB(1dB压缩点回退6dB状态下),杂散抑制优于67dBc。接收机工作频率范围3.4~4.2GHz,输出信号频率70MHz±18MHz,增益范围23.6dB~55.3dB,增益步进1dB,接收输出功率1dB压缩点为+15.4dBm,三阶交调抑制度优于54dBc(双载波输出功率0dBm状态下)。该接收机可以对卫星信标进行检波输出,从而可以实现在无频谱仪条件下辅助天线对星的功能,可以检测到的信标功率电平达-85dBm。本课题研究成果——ODU单元现已通过了国家无线电管理委员会的核准认证,并已装配于国内某机场的卫星地面站。
在文章结尾,对当前的电路版本出现的问题进行了分析,并提出一些改进的建议,为后续电路的研制开发提供一些可借鉴的经验。
Satellite communication is one of the most important modern communication forms. It has the advantages of far communication distance, wide frequency band, large information capacity, high stability and so on. It is widely applied in military, navigation, mobile communication. The C band, uplink on 6GHz and downlink on 4GHz, is the most widely used and stability communication network at present.
The transceiver front-end of Satellite ground station out door unit (ODU) is the most important component part of satellite communication system. Its performance will directly affect the communication quality of satellite link. In this thesis, the advantages and disadvantages of the different modern transceivers are compared in detail. Then, the C band front-end circuits of satellite transceiver are designed according to the project specifications. The structure of the satellite transceiver is double conversion scheme based on the same local oscillators. The transceiver has the characters of simple structure, excellent performance, cheap cost and well stability.
The test results indicate that the output power (1dB compress point) of the transmitter is 43dBm (20W) in the frequency rang from 5.8GHz to 6.6GHz. the gain rang is from 58.7 to 90dB. The three-order intermodulation (1dB compress point back off 6dB) and harmonic suppression is 43dB and 53dB respectively. The receiver works from 3.4GHz to 4.2GHz with gain rang from 23.6~55.3dB at 1dB step. The output power (1dB compress point) is +15.4dBm at 70MHz. three-orders intermodulation<-54dBc(dual carrier output power 0dBm). Using the detection of satellite beacon, direction alignment of the antenna is realized easily. The detection sensitivity of the satellite beacon is -85dBm. The ODU have authentication of State Radio Regulatory Commission. The ODU has been used in××airport.
At the end, some improving advices are presented based on the experiment. All of these can provide important experiment for later research on this area.
卫星通信地面站的室外单元(ODU)收发前端电路是整个卫星通信系统的最重要组成部分。它性能直接影响到整个卫星链路通信的质量。本文在详细比较现代不同收发信机体系结构特点的基础上,结合课题指标完成了C波段卫星通信室外单元ODU收发前端电路的设计。所设计的接收机和发射机采用的都是是二次变频方案,共用一组频综单元,具有结构简单,性能优良,成本低,稳定性好等特点。
实验测试结果表明所设计的发射机输出频率范围为5.8GHz~6.6GHz,输出功率(1dB压缩点)为+43dBm(20w),增益范围58.7~90dB,三阶交调抑制度43dB(1dB压缩点回退6dB状态下),杂散抑制优于67dBc。接收机工作频率范围3.4~4.2GHz,输出信号频率70MHz±18MHz,增益范围23.6dB~55.3dB,增益步进1dB,接收输出功率1dB压缩点为+15.4dBm,三阶交调抑制度优于54dBc(双载波输出功率0dBm状态下)。该接收机可以对卫星信标进行检波输出,从而可以实现在无频谱仪条件下辅助天线对星的功能,可以检测到的信标功率电平达-85dBm。本课题研究成果——ODU单元现已通过了国家无线电管理委员会的核准认证,并已装配于国内某机场的卫星地面站。
在文章结尾,对当前的电路版本出现的问题进行了分析,并提出一些改进的建议,为后续电路的研制开发提供一些可借鉴的经验。
Satellite communication is one of the most important modern communication forms. It has the advantages of far communication distance, wide frequency band, large information capacity, high stability and so on. It is widely applied in military, navigation, mobile communication. The C band, uplink on 6GHz and downlink on 4GHz, is the most widely used and stability communication network at present.
The transceiver front-end of Satellite ground station out door unit (ODU) is the most important component part of satellite communication system. Its performance will directly affect the communication quality of satellite link. In this thesis, the advantages and disadvantages of the different modern transceivers are compared in detail. Then, the C band front-end circuits of satellite transceiver are designed according to the project specifications. The structure of the satellite transceiver is double conversion scheme based on the same local oscillators. The transceiver has the characters of simple structure, excellent performance, cheap cost and well stability.
The test results indicate that the output power (1dB compress point) of the transmitter is 43dBm (20W) in the frequency rang from 5.8GHz to 6.6GHz. the gain rang is from 58.7 to 90dB. The three-order intermodulation (1dB compress point back off 6dB) and harmonic suppression is 43dB and 53dB respectively. The receiver works from 3.4GHz to 4.2GHz with gain rang from 23.6~55.3dB at 1dB step. The output power (1dB compress point) is +15.4dBm at 70MHz. three-orders intermodulation<-54dBc(dual carrier output power 0dBm). Using the detection of satellite beacon, direction alignment of the antenna is realized easily. The detection sensitivity of the satellite beacon is -85dBm. The ODU have authentication of State Radio Regulatory Commission. The ODU has been used in××airport.
At the end, some improving advices are presented based on the experiment. All of these can provide important experiment for later research on this area.
引文
[1]陈晖卫星通信发展及特点研究科技资讯2008年第32期
[2]李立军现在卫星现状及其发展趋势仪器仪表用户2005年第4期
[3]民航空中交通管理局C波段卫星通信网组成培训教材2003
[4]王世强卫星通信系统技术研究和及其未来发展现代电子技术2009年第17期
[5]张玉怀Ku波段卫星通信系统收发前端的研制电子科技大学硕士论文2008年5月
[6] Behzad Razavi RF microelectronics清华大学出版社北京2006年2月
[7] Reinhold Ludwig, Pavel Bretchko RF circuit design: Theory and Applications电子工业出版社北京2002年1~4
[8] J.Laskar, B.Matinpour Modern Receiver Front-ends Systems,Circuits and Integration John Wiley & Sons 2004 7~13
[9]雷振亚射频/微波电路导论西安西安电子科技大学出版社2005年8月237-241
[10]陈邦缓射频通信电路北京科学出版社2002年8月139-140
[11] James Bao-Yen Tsui著.电子战微波接收机.龚金楦译.北京:电子工业出版社,1988,285-288
[12]Behzad Razavi.Design Considerations for Direct Conversion Receivers. IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems-II: Analog and Digital Signal Processing,1997,44(6):428-435
[13] Asad Abidi Direct-conversion Radio Transceivers for Digital Communication. IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits,1995,30(12):1399-1410
[14] K.Itoh, M.Shimozawa, N.Suematsu,and O.Ishida, Even harmonic type direct conversion receiver ICs for mobile handsets: Design challenges and solutions IEEE RF IC Symposium, 1999 June 53–56
[15] Won Namgoong; Meng, T.H. Direct-conversion RF receiver design IEEE Transactions on Communications Volum:49,Issue:3 2001 518-529
[16] K.Stadius, P.Jarvio, P.Paatsila, K.Halonen, Image-reject receivers with image-selection functionality. IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems 2001 Vol.4 124-127
[17] M.A.I.Elmala, S.H.K.Embabi, Calibration of phase and gain mismatches in Weaverimage-reject receiver IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits 2004 Vol.39 283-289
[18] D. Ozis, J. Paramesh, D.J.Allstot, A CMOS 5GHz Image-Reject Receiver Front-End Architecture IEEE Radio Frequency Integrated Circuits (RFIC) Symposium, 2007 321-324
[19]黄志伟无线发射接收机电路设计北京北京航空航天大学出版社2004 132-134
[20]杜清兆L和S波段高频收发前端研究等电子科技大学硕士论文2008 14-15
[21]严国萍,龙占超.通信电子线路.北京:科学出版社,2005 34-36
[22] K. Feher, Wireless Digital Communications, Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall, 1995 54-56
[23] Ulrich L.Rohde,David P. Newkirk无线应用射频微波电路设计刘光祜张玉兴译北京电子工业出版社2004 67-83
[24]袁军X波段收发信机RF前端电路研制电子科技大学硕士论文2008.5 16-18
[25] Christoph Rauscher频谱分析原理罗德与施瓦茨公司2004 100-107
[26]远坂俊昭锁相环电路设计与应用何希才译北京科学出版社2006 31-43
[27] Dean Banerjee PLL Performance Simulation and Design 2003 50-70
[28] Analog Devices Inc.中国技术支持中心锁相环常见问题解答2003
[29] 0.5 dB LSB GaAs MMIC 6-Bit Digital Positive Control Attenuator HMC472LP4, Hittite Microwave Corporation
[30]温补衰减器的应用深圳市研通高频技术有限公司
[31]温度补偿衰减器STCA0606N9深圳市研通高频技术有限公司
[32] 60 dB Logarithmic Detector/Controller AD8318,Analog Devices
[33] Bidirectional, High-Side, Current-Sense Amplifiers with Reference MAX4071, Maxim-ic Corporation
[34] GaAs MMIC Mixer Integrated LO Amplifier HMC423MS8, Hittite Microwave Corporation
[35] GaAs MMIC SMT DOUBLE-BALANCED MIXER HMC168C8, Hittite Microwave Corporation
[2]李立军现在卫星现状及其发展趋势仪器仪表用户2005年第4期
[3]民航空中交通管理局C波段卫星通信网组成培训教材2003
[4]王世强卫星通信系统技术研究和及其未来发展现代电子技术2009年第17期
[5]张玉怀Ku波段卫星通信系统收发前端的研制电子科技大学硕士论文2008年5月
[6] Behzad Razavi RF microelectronics清华大学出版社北京2006年2月
[7] Reinhold Ludwig, Pavel Bretchko RF circuit design: Theory and Applications电子工业出版社北京2002年1~4
[8] J.Laskar, B.Matinpour Modern Receiver Front-ends Systems,Circuits and Integration John Wiley & Sons 2004 7~13
[9]雷振亚射频/微波电路导论西安西安电子科技大学出版社2005年8月237-241
[10]陈邦缓射频通信电路北京科学出版社2002年8月139-140
[11] James Bao-Yen Tsui著.电子战微波接收机.龚金楦译.北京:电子工业出版社,1988,285-288
[12]Behzad Razavi.Design Considerations for Direct Conversion Receivers. IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems-II: Analog and Digital Signal Processing,1997,44(6):428-435
[13] Asad Abidi Direct-conversion Radio Transceivers for Digital Communication. IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits,1995,30(12):1399-1410
[14] K.Itoh, M.Shimozawa, N.Suematsu,and O.Ishida, Even harmonic type direct conversion receiver ICs for mobile handsets: Design challenges and solutions IEEE RF IC Symposium, 1999 June 53–56
[15] Won Namgoong; Meng, T.H. Direct-conversion RF receiver design IEEE Transactions on Communications Volum:49,Issue:3 2001 518-529
[16] K.Stadius, P.Jarvio, P.Paatsila, K.Halonen, Image-reject receivers with image-selection functionality. IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems 2001 Vol.4 124-127
[17] M.A.I.Elmala, S.H.K.Embabi, Calibration of phase and gain mismatches in Weaverimage-reject receiver IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits 2004 Vol.39 283-289
[18] D. Ozis, J. Paramesh, D.J.Allstot, A CMOS 5GHz Image-Reject Receiver Front-End Architecture IEEE Radio Frequency Integrated Circuits (RFIC) Symposium, 2007 321-324
[19]黄志伟无线发射接收机电路设计北京北京航空航天大学出版社2004 132-134
[20]杜清兆L和S波段高频收发前端研究等电子科技大学硕士论文2008 14-15
[21]严国萍,龙占超.通信电子线路.北京:科学出版社,2005 34-36
[22] K. Feher, Wireless Digital Communications, Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall, 1995 54-56
[23] Ulrich L.Rohde,David P. Newkirk无线应用射频微波电路设计刘光祜张玉兴译北京电子工业出版社2004 67-83
[24]袁军X波段收发信机RF前端电路研制电子科技大学硕士论文2008.5 16-18
[25] Christoph Rauscher频谱分析原理罗德与施瓦茨公司2004 100-107
[26]远坂俊昭锁相环电路设计与应用何希才译北京科学出版社2006 31-43
[27] Dean Banerjee PLL Performance Simulation and Design 2003 50-70
[28] Analog Devices Inc.中国技术支持中心锁相环常见问题解答2003
[29] 0.5 dB LSB GaAs MMIC 6-Bit Digital Positive Control Attenuator HMC472LP4, Hittite Microwave Corporation
[30]温补衰减器的应用深圳市研通高频技术有限公司
[31]温度补偿衰减器STCA0606N9深圳市研通高频技术有限公司
[32] 60 dB Logarithmic Detector/Controller AD8318,Analog Devices
[33] Bidirectional, High-Side, Current-Sense Amplifiers with Reference MAX4071, Maxim-ic Corporation
[34] GaAs MMIC Mixer Integrated LO Amplifier HMC423MS8, Hittite Microwave Corporation
[35] GaAs MMIC SMT DOUBLE-BALANCED MIXER HMC168C8, Hittite Microwave Corporation