海拉尔盆地贝301区块扇三角洲沉积特征与储层评价
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摘要
贝301区块位于海拉尔盆地贝尔凹陷呼和诺仁构造的呼和─2号构造。该区块是在基底隆起发育的构造上,南屯组沉积时期为断陷阶段,表现为北东向断裂活动明显;南屯组二段沉积物源主要来自西部嵯岗隆起区,物源供应充足,为近物源快速沉积的扇三角洲。经过14年的勘探开发,该区块已进入加密井网开发阶段,逐步显现出含水上升快,产量递减快的矛盾。为进一步提高研究区的开发效果,本论文在岩心观察描述的基础上,综合测井与地震资料,对南二段沉积类型及展布特征进行研究,结合油田生产动态对储层进行评价,进而预测有利储层及油气的分布范围,为油田综合调整奠定基础。
本论文研究主要取得以下几点成果与认识:
1、在分析前人层序地层研究成果的基础上,运用层序地层学原理,结合钻、测井资料及地震资料对研究区内油水井的分层逐井逐层进行了核对,并对分层不够合理的井进行分层调整,建立了一套合理的等时对比格架,为沉积体系研究奠定了基础。
2、综合区域地质资料和系统的岩心观察,识别出该区沉积类型为水进型扇三角洲沉积。并划分出8种沉积微相,分别为:辫流坝、辫流水道、辫流前缘河口坝、辫流漫溢砂、滩坝、席状砂、洪泛泥及浅湖泥。
3、在沉积微相分布研究中提出了一个新的沉积参数—优势砂岩密度,以该参数结合砂岩厚度分布重新刻画了贝301区块沉积微相分布,打破了传统沉积相分析的思路,更加合理地把沉积参数和沉积相分布关联起来。优势砂岩密度在客观上反应了沉积时的环境背景与沉积微相类型,对相带划分起到了控制作用,尤其在砂岩等值线图对沉积(微)相控制较弱的情况下,优势砂岩密度更能发挥和体现其优越性。
4、建立了动、静结合研究储层连续性与连通性的方法,对研究区目的层段有利储层砂体进行了预测。静态评价上主要考虑储层的沉积微相类型、构造位置、储层物性等;动态评价上主要考虑产层不同位置、不同时间的产油和产水情况,进而结合动态与静态资料对井间有利砂体进行了预测。通过加密后沉积特征与油水变化关系研究,指出了开发区下步重点调整的5个有利区。
综合上述研究成果,新布署了9口加密与扩边开发井,其中有8口井出油,5口井达到工业油流,使研究成果得到了很好地应用。
Bei 301 Block was located in Huhe-2 structure, Surennuoer structural zone, Beier sag, Hailar Basin. This block was developed above an uplift of the basement. During the deposition of Nantun Formation, this area was presented as fault-subsidence, where NE faults were active. The provenance of the 2nd Member of Nantun Formation was mainly come from the Qagan uplift in the west, with sufficient supplement, leading fan-delta deposited rapidly. After 14 year’s exploration and development, this block has entered into the stage of infilled well pattern development, where conflicts of rapidly rise in aqueous and rapidly decline in production emerged out gradually. In order to improve the development of the study area, on the basis of core observation and description, types of sedimentary facies and distribution features of the 2nd Member of Nantun Formation has been studied in this thesis by combining well logging and seismic data. And then, combined with production performance of the oil field, reservoir evaluation has been conducted to predict the distribution of favorable reservoir and oil/gas, providing foundations for the comprehensive adjustment of the oilfield.
Several conclusions have been gained in this thesis:
I. On the basis of study on sequence stratigraphy of former scholar, stratigraphic demarcation of oil/water wells in the study area has been inspected one by one by using well drilling, well logging and seismic data. Adjustment for stratigraphic demarcation in wells that weren’t suitable has been made. A reasonable isochronal sequence stratigraphic framework has been established, providing basis for the sturdy of depositional system.
II. Based on integrated study of regional geology and core observation, sedimentary facies of this study area was confirmed as fan-delta of prograded-type. Eight types of sedimentary micro-facies have been identified. They are Braided bar, braided channel, mouth bar, overbank sand, beach sand, sheet sand, flooding shale and shallow lacustrine shale.
III. A new depositional parameter, Percentage of predominating sand, has been submitted in the first time during the study of sedimentary micro-facies. Combined with the thickness of sandstone, the distribution of sedimentary micro-facies in Bei 301 block have been described, which broken the traditional analysis route of sedimentary facies and provided a more reasonable relation between depositional parameters and distribution of sedimentary facies. Density of preponderant sand can reflect the depositional environment and types of sedimentary micro-facies objectively, which can play a controlling role of division of facies belts, especially in the situation where the affection of sand thickness map towards sedimentary facies (micro-facies) was weak.
IV. A method that combined with dynamics and statics for reservoir continuity and connectedness study has been established to predict favorable sand-bodies of target horizons. Types of sedimentary micro-facies, structural location, physical properties and etc were the main factors in static reservoir evaluation, while different locations of pay zones, situation of oil/water production in different time were the main factors in dynamic reservoir evaluation. And then, prediction for favorable sand-bodies among wells has been conducted by combining dynamic and static data. Based on the study of sedimentary characteristic after in-filled and relationship between oil and water, five favorable areas have been submitted for future adjustment.
Integrated above research results, 9 wells have been newly deployed, where oil has been gained in 8 wells and commercial oil flow has been gained in 5 wells.
本论文研究主要取得以下几点成果与认识:
1、在分析前人层序地层研究成果的基础上,运用层序地层学原理,结合钻、测井资料及地震资料对研究区内油水井的分层逐井逐层进行了核对,并对分层不够合理的井进行分层调整,建立了一套合理的等时对比格架,为沉积体系研究奠定了基础。
2、综合区域地质资料和系统的岩心观察,识别出该区沉积类型为水进型扇三角洲沉积。并划分出8种沉积微相,分别为:辫流坝、辫流水道、辫流前缘河口坝、辫流漫溢砂、滩坝、席状砂、洪泛泥及浅湖泥。
3、在沉积微相分布研究中提出了一个新的沉积参数—优势砂岩密度,以该参数结合砂岩厚度分布重新刻画了贝301区块沉积微相分布,打破了传统沉积相分析的思路,更加合理地把沉积参数和沉积相分布关联起来。优势砂岩密度在客观上反应了沉积时的环境背景与沉积微相类型,对相带划分起到了控制作用,尤其在砂岩等值线图对沉积(微)相控制较弱的情况下,优势砂岩密度更能发挥和体现其优越性。
4、建立了动、静结合研究储层连续性与连通性的方法,对研究区目的层段有利储层砂体进行了预测。静态评价上主要考虑储层的沉积微相类型、构造位置、储层物性等;动态评价上主要考虑产层不同位置、不同时间的产油和产水情况,进而结合动态与静态资料对井间有利砂体进行了预测。通过加密后沉积特征与油水变化关系研究,指出了开发区下步重点调整的5个有利区。
综合上述研究成果,新布署了9口加密与扩边开发井,其中有8口井出油,5口井达到工业油流,使研究成果得到了很好地应用。
Bei 301 Block was located in Huhe-2 structure, Surennuoer structural zone, Beier sag, Hailar Basin. This block was developed above an uplift of the basement. During the deposition of Nantun Formation, this area was presented as fault-subsidence, where NE faults were active. The provenance of the 2nd Member of Nantun Formation was mainly come from the Qagan uplift in the west, with sufficient supplement, leading fan-delta deposited rapidly. After 14 year’s exploration and development, this block has entered into the stage of infilled well pattern development, where conflicts of rapidly rise in aqueous and rapidly decline in production emerged out gradually. In order to improve the development of the study area, on the basis of core observation and description, types of sedimentary facies and distribution features of the 2nd Member of Nantun Formation has been studied in this thesis by combining well logging and seismic data. And then, combined with production performance of the oil field, reservoir evaluation has been conducted to predict the distribution of favorable reservoir and oil/gas, providing foundations for the comprehensive adjustment of the oilfield.
Several conclusions have been gained in this thesis:
I. On the basis of study on sequence stratigraphy of former scholar, stratigraphic demarcation of oil/water wells in the study area has been inspected one by one by using well drilling, well logging and seismic data. Adjustment for stratigraphic demarcation in wells that weren’t suitable has been made. A reasonable isochronal sequence stratigraphic framework has been established, providing basis for the sturdy of depositional system.
II. Based on integrated study of regional geology and core observation, sedimentary facies of this study area was confirmed as fan-delta of prograded-type. Eight types of sedimentary micro-facies have been identified. They are Braided bar, braided channel, mouth bar, overbank sand, beach sand, sheet sand, flooding shale and shallow lacustrine shale.
III. A new depositional parameter, Percentage of predominating sand, has been submitted in the first time during the study of sedimentary micro-facies. Combined with the thickness of sandstone, the distribution of sedimentary micro-facies in Bei 301 block have been described, which broken the traditional analysis route of sedimentary facies and provided a more reasonable relation between depositional parameters and distribution of sedimentary facies. Density of preponderant sand can reflect the depositional environment and types of sedimentary micro-facies objectively, which can play a controlling role of division of facies belts, especially in the situation where the affection of sand thickness map towards sedimentary facies (micro-facies) was weak.
IV. A method that combined with dynamics and statics for reservoir continuity and connectedness study has been established to predict favorable sand-bodies of target horizons. Types of sedimentary micro-facies, structural location, physical properties and etc were the main factors in static reservoir evaluation, while different locations of pay zones, situation of oil/water production in different time were the main factors in dynamic reservoir evaluation. And then, prediction for favorable sand-bodies among wells has been conducted by combining dynamic and static data. Based on the study of sedimentary characteristic after in-filled and relationship between oil and water, five favorable areas have been submitted for future adjustment.
Integrated above research results, 9 wells have been newly deployed, where oil has been gained in 8 wells and commercial oil flow has been gained in 5 wells.
引文
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Bing Liu, Xinghe Yu,et al, Horizontal Wells Drilling in Vertical Lateral Beddings Successfully Tap the Upside Remaining Oil in Heavy Flooded Sandy Zones,2006,SEP 99551
Mohammed Nouidar,El Hassan Chellay. Facies and sequence stratigraphy of a Late Barremian wave dominated deltaic deposit,Agadir Basin,Morocco. Sedimentary Geology 150 (2002) 375~384.
Neil A. Wells,Marylynn Konowal,Scott A. Sundback. Quantitative evaluation of color measurements II. Analysis of Munsell color values from the Colton and Green River Formations (Eocene,central Utah).Sedimentary Geology 151 (2002) 17~44.
Neil A. Wells. Quantitative evaluation of color measurements:I. Triaxial stereoscopic scatter plots. Sedimentary Geology 151 (2002) 1~15.
Richard G、Hoy and Kenneth D、Ridgway,Sedimentology and sequence stratigraphy of fan-delta and river-delta deposystems,Pennsylvanian Minturn Formation,Colorado,AAPG Bulletin NO7(July 2003)1169~1191.
Strebelle S, JournelA G. Reservoir modeling using multiple-point statistics SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition [M ]. New Orleans, Sept. 30-Oct. 3, 2001, SPE#71324
X.Yu, S.Li, J.Chen and G.Hou. The Constraining Conditions of Stochastic Modeling Controlled by Facies for Sedimentary Reservoir. 2008 GEOSTATS, Proceedings of the Eighth International Geostatistics Congress.
X.YU,X.MA and H.Qing,2002,Sedimentology and reservoir characteristics of a Middle Jurassic fluvial system,Datong Basin, Northern China,Bulletin of Canadian petroleum Geology,Vol. 50, No. 1 (March, 2002), P 105~117。
YU Xinghe, LI Shengli, ZHAO Shu, CHEN Jianyang, HOU Guowei, Constraining Method of Stochastic Modeling for Fluvial Petroleum Reservoir Controlled by DepositionalFacies Using Wells and Seismic Data, EARTH SCIENCE FRONTIERS, Papers to 33rd IGC, V.15. No.4 July 2008, P.25~33
Zeng Hongliu,Hentz T F. High frequency sequence stratigraphy from seismic sedimentology: Applied to Miocene, Vermilion Block 50, Tiger Shoal area, off shore Louisiana [ J ]. AAPG Bulletin, 2004, 88(2) : 1532174
于兴河编著.碎屑岩系油气储层沉积学[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2008
于兴河主编.油气储层地质学基础[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2009
于兴河,郑浚茂,宋立衡,等.断陷盆地三角洲砂体的沉积作用与储层的层内非均质特征.地球科学-中国地质大学学报,1997年01期
于兴河,李胜利.碎屑岩系油气储层沉积学的发展历程与热点问题思考.沉积学报.2009:第27卷第5期
于兴河,郑秀娟.沉积学的发展历程与未来展望.地球科学进展,2004:Vol.19,No.2
李胜利,赵舒,付菊,等.利用镇泾油田沉积微相展布与演化规律分析油田开发调整方向.地学前缘,2008.1:Vol.15,No.1:P.85-93
李胜利,于兴河,高兴军,等.生产动态和油藏静态结合研究剩余油分布的理论与方法.资源与产业,2006:Vol.8,No.2:P.63-66
李胜利,于兴河,张志杰,等.珠江口盆地西江30-2油田新近系中新统沉积微相及层序地层分析.古地理学报,2004:Vol.6,No.1:P.30-40
《沉积构造与环境解释》编著组.沉积构造与环境解释.北京:科学出版社,1984
曹辉兰,华仁民,纪友亮.扇三角洲砂砾岩储层沉积特征及与储层物性的关系─以罗家油田沙四段砂砾岩体为例.高校地质学报,2001:第7卷,第2期
曹瑞成.贝尔凹陷油成藏模式及分布规律.大庆石油学院学报,2009:第33卷,第5期
崔全章,孙增玖.海拉尔盆地贝尔凹陷断裂特征与油气富集规律.石油地球物理勘探,2005:第40卷增刊
邓宏文等.2002.高分辨率层序地层学原理及应用,北京:地质出版社
古永红,王振宇,谭秀成.国内外扇三角洲研究综述.新疆石油地质。2003:第24卷,第6期
何镜宇,孟祥化.沉积岩和沉积相模式及建造.北京:地质出版社,1987
李树青,汪利.海拉尔盆地贝尔凹陷的油气运聚分析.古地理学报,2009:第11卷,第二期
刘宝珺主编.沉积岩石学.北京:地质出版社,1980
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渠永宏,廖远慧,赵利华.高分辨率层序地层学在断陷盆地中的应用─以海拉尔盆地贝尔断陷为例.石油学报,2006:第27卷增刊
苏燕,杨愈,白振华等.密井网区井震结合进行沉积微相研究及储层预测方法探讨─以大庆杏树岗油田杏56区为例.地学前缘,2008:第15卷,第1期
王家亮,张金川,张杰.海拉尔盆地贝尔凹陷的油气运聚分析.现代地质,2003:第17卷,第4期
吴元燕,徐龙等.油气储层地质.北京:石油工业出版社,1996
赵刚,张群,王兴亚等.贝尔凹陷南二段油成藏的地质条件.大庆石油学院学报,2009:第33卷,第4期
张荻楠,樊晓东,陈友福等.海拉尔盆地呼和诺仁油田贝301区块南屯组油层初步开发方案.2003年3月
王春瑞,刘剑营,吴畏等.呼和诺仁油田贝301区块南二段油层加密调整方案.2009年3月
Andrew D、Heap,Sonya Bryce,David A、Ryan,Facies evolution of Holocene estuaries and deltas,Sedimentary Geology,168(2004)1~17.
Bing Liu, Xinghe Yu,et al, Horizontal Wells Drilling in Vertical Lateral Beddings Successfully Tap the Upside Remaining Oil in Heavy Flooded Sandy Zones,2006,SEP 99551
Mohammed Nouidar,El Hassan Chellay. Facies and sequence stratigraphy of a Late Barremian wave dominated deltaic deposit,Agadir Basin,Morocco. Sedimentary Geology 150 (2002) 375~384.
Neil A. Wells,Marylynn Konowal,Scott A. Sundback. Quantitative evaluation of color measurements II. Analysis of Munsell color values from the Colton and Green River Formations (Eocene,central Utah).Sedimentary Geology 151 (2002) 17~44.
Neil A. Wells. Quantitative evaluation of color measurements:I. Triaxial stereoscopic scatter plots. Sedimentary Geology 151 (2002) 1~15.
Richard G、Hoy and Kenneth D、Ridgway,Sedimentology and sequence stratigraphy of fan-delta and river-delta deposystems,Pennsylvanian Minturn Formation,Colorado,AAPG Bulletin NO7(July 2003)1169~1191.
Strebelle S, JournelA G. Reservoir modeling using multiple-point statistics SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition [M ]. New Orleans, Sept. 30-Oct. 3, 2001, SPE#71324
X.Yu, S.Li, J.Chen and G.Hou. The Constraining Conditions of Stochastic Modeling Controlled by Facies for Sedimentary Reservoir. 2008 GEOSTATS, Proceedings of the Eighth International Geostatistics Congress.
X.YU,X.MA and H.Qing,2002,Sedimentology and reservoir characteristics of a Middle Jurassic fluvial system,Datong Basin, Northern China,Bulletin of Canadian petroleum Geology,Vol. 50, No. 1 (March, 2002), P 105~117。
YU Xinghe, LI Shengli, ZHAO Shu, CHEN Jianyang, HOU Guowei, Constraining Method of Stochastic Modeling for Fluvial Petroleum Reservoir Controlled by DepositionalFacies Using Wells and Seismic Data, EARTH SCIENCE FRONTIERS, Papers to 33rd IGC, V.15. No.4 July 2008, P.25~33
Zeng Hongliu,Hentz T F. High frequency sequence stratigraphy from seismic sedimentology: Applied to Miocene, Vermilion Block 50, Tiger Shoal area, off shore Louisiana [ J ]. AAPG Bulletin, 2004, 88(2) : 1532174
于兴河编著.碎屑岩系油气储层沉积学[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2008
于兴河主编.油气储层地质学基础[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2009
于兴河,郑浚茂,宋立衡,等.断陷盆地三角洲砂体的沉积作用与储层的层内非均质特征.地球科学-中国地质大学学报,1997年01期
于兴河,李胜利.碎屑岩系油气储层沉积学的发展历程与热点问题思考.沉积学报.2009:第27卷第5期
于兴河,郑秀娟.沉积学的发展历程与未来展望.地球科学进展,2004:Vol.19,No.2
李胜利,赵舒,付菊,等.利用镇泾油田沉积微相展布与演化规律分析油田开发调整方向.地学前缘,2008.1:Vol.15,No.1:P.85-93
李胜利,于兴河,高兴军,等.生产动态和油藏静态结合研究剩余油分布的理论与方法.资源与产业,2006:Vol.8,No.2:P.63-66
李胜利,于兴河,张志杰,等.珠江口盆地西江30-2油田新近系中新统沉积微相及层序地层分析.古地理学报,2004:Vol.6,No.1:P.30-40
《沉积构造与环境解释》编著组.沉积构造与环境解释.北京:科学出版社,1984
曹辉兰,华仁民,纪友亮.扇三角洲砂砾岩储层沉积特征及与储层物性的关系─以罗家油田沙四段砂砾岩体为例.高校地质学报,2001:第7卷,第2期
曹瑞成.贝尔凹陷油成藏模式及分布规律.大庆石油学院学报,2009:第33卷,第5期
崔全章,孙增玖.海拉尔盆地贝尔凹陷断裂特征与油气富集规律.石油地球物理勘探,2005:第40卷增刊
邓宏文等.2002.高分辨率层序地层学原理及应用,北京:地质出版社
古永红,王振宇,谭秀成.国内外扇三角洲研究综述.新疆石油地质。2003:第24卷,第6期
何镜宇,孟祥化.沉积岩和沉积相模式及建造.北京:地质出版社,1987
李树青,汪利.海拉尔盆地贝尔凹陷的油气运聚分析.古地理学报,2009:第11卷,第二期
刘宝珺主编.沉积岩石学.北京:地质出版社,1980
马正.油气测井地质学.武汉:中国地质大学出版社,1994
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