纠错编码技术在电力线通信中的应用研究
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摘要
为了提高电力线通信的可靠性,本文重点研究了纠错编码技术在电力线通信中的应用。首先,对电力线信道的噪声和衰减特性分别进行了测量及分析,并利用MATLAB根据理论分析建立了信道的衰减模型和噪声模型。其次,在分析了BCH码的编译码原理基础上,提出了一种适合于ARM软件实现的快速BCH编译码设计方案。针对分组交织器和随机交织器存在的不足,提出一种新型的随机分组交织器设计方法。然后,根据电力线信道仿真模型并结合具体硬件实现,确定了BCH码型和交织深度。最后详细论述了BCH编译码和交织算法在ARM上的软件实现过程,并对具体实现性能进行了分析,实际测量结果表明,该方案能大大降低信道的误码率。
In order to improve the reliability of the power line communication, the design of error-correcting code is researched chiefly in this paper. Firstly, the noise and attenuation characteristics of power line channel are measured and analyzed. The channel noise and attenuation model are simulated by MATLAB. Secondly, based on the analysis of the traditional BCH coding and decoding algorithms, a fast method of BCH coding and decoding,which is suitable for ARM realization,is presented. Owing to the disadvantages of the block interleaver and random interleaver, a new random block interleaver design method is also presented. Then, according to power line channel simulation model and hardware realization, the BCH code pattern and interleaver depth are determined. Finally, the realization of BCH coding/decoding and interleaver algorithm on ARM chip are discussed in detail, moreover, the actual measurement results show that the project can greatly recude the bit-error-rate of power line channel.
In order to improve the reliability of the power line communication, the design of error-correcting code is researched chiefly in this paper. Firstly, the noise and attenuation characteristics of power line channel are measured and analyzed. The channel noise and attenuation model are simulated by MATLAB. Secondly, based on the analysis of the traditional BCH coding and decoding algorithms, a fast method of BCH coding and decoding,which is suitable for ARM realization,is presented. Owing to the disadvantages of the block interleaver and random interleaver, a new random block interleaver design method is also presented. Then, according to power line channel simulation model and hardware realization, the BCH code pattern and interleaver depth are determined. Finally, the realization of BCH coding/decoding and interleaver algorithm on ARM chip are discussed in detail, moreover, the actual measurement results show that the project can greatly recude the bit-error-rate of power line channel.
引文
[1]孙海翠,张金波.低压电力线载波通信技术研究与应用.电测与仪表,2006,43(8):54～57
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[3]齐淑清.电力线通信(PLC)技术与应用.北京:中国电力出版社,2005,1～14
[4]林维明 ,华晓辉 ,王东方.低压电力线通信的现状与展望.电力系统通信,2007,28(172):45～49
[5]Gorge Jee,Con Edison. Demonstration of the Technical Viability of PLC Systems on Medium and Low Voltage Lines in the United States.In:IEEE Communications Magazine, 2003. 108～112.
[6]李祥珍.电力线高速数据通信技术的发展及未来.电力系统通信,2006,27(162):1～6
[7]郭静波,王赞基.低压配电网扩频信号传输特性及通信系统实现对策.中国电机 工程学报2001,21(7):30～35
[8]Hooijen Olaf G.A.Channel Model for the Residential Power Circuit Used as a Digital Communications Medium.IEEE Transactions on Electromagnetic Compatibility,1998,40(4):331～336
[9]Tanaka M.High Frequency Noise Power Spectrum,Impedance and Transmission Loss of Power Line in Japan on Intrabuilding Power Line Communications. IEEE Transations on Consumer Electronics, 1988,34(2):321～326
[10]Hensen Christian,Schulz Wolfgan.Time Dependence of the Channel Characteristics of Lower Voltage Power-lines and its Effects on Hardware Implementation.International Journal of Communication,2000,54(1):23～32
[11]Liu D.Flint E.Wide.Band Line Characterzation.IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics,1999,45(4),1087～1097
[12]张众发. 低压电力线通信信道特性测量与分析:[硕士学位论文]. 重庆:重庆大学通信工程系,2006
[13]Zimmermann M,Dostert K.An Analysis of the Broadband Noise Scenario in Power-line Network.In:T.Coffey and S.McGrath,eds.Proceedings of the 4th International Symposium on Power-line Communications and Its Applications.Limerick(Ireland):2000,131～138
[14]Morgan H.L.Chan,Robert W.Donaldson.Amplitude,width,and Interarrival Distributing for Noise Impulses on Intrabuilding Power Line Communication Networks.IEEE Transactions on EMC August, 1989, 31(3):320～323
[15]赵云峰,汪晓岩,徐立中,等.低压电力线噪声分析与建模.电力系统通信.2003,24(1):31～34
[16]H.Meng,S.Chen,Y.L.Guan,et al.A Transmission Line Model for High-Frequency Power Line Communication Channel.eds.International Conference on Power System Technology(PowerCon 2002),Kunming,China,IEEE/PES-CSEE,2002,13～17
[17]Zimmermann M,Dostert K.A Multi-path Signal Propagation Model for the Power-line Channel in the High Frequency Range.In:Bahram Honary,A.J. Han Vinck,eds.Proceedings of the 3th International Symposium on Power-line Communications and Its Applications.Lancaster,UK,Shannon Foundation,1999,45～51
[18]Zimmermann M,Dostert K.A Multipath Model for the Powerline Channel.IEEE Transactions on Communications,2002,50(4):553～559
[19]Tom Bostoen,Olivier Van de Wiel.Modelling the Low-Voltage Power Distribution Network in the Frequency Band from 0.5MHz to 30MHz for Broadband Powerline Communication.Eds.2000 International Zurich Seminar on Broadband Communications, Zurich, Switzerland: IEEE,2000,171～178
[20]L.T.Tang,P.L.So,et al.Characterization and Modeling of In-building Power Lines for High-speed Data Transmission.IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2003,18(1):69～77
[21]宋文妙.宽带电力线通信关键技术的研究:[硕士学位论文]. 北京:北京邮电大学电信工程学院,2006
[22]王新梅.纠错码-原理与方法. 西安:西安电子科技大学出版社, 2001. 242～290.
[23]张宗橙.纠错编码原理和应用.北京:电子工业出版社,2003. 152～183.
[24]楼向雄,骆建军. 一种 BCH(31,21)快速编译码算法及其 VLSI 实现.微电子学,2004, 43(6): 709～711.
[25]Keshab K. Parhi. Eliminating the Fanout Bottleneck in Parallel Long BCH Encoders.In:IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS I: REGULAR PAPERS, 2004, 51(3):512～516.
[26]刘富全.纠错编码技术及应用.哈尔滨:哈尔滨船舶工程学院出版社,1993.56～98
[27]梁军,汪漱玉.BCH 码的时域和频域译码算法对比.无线电通信技术,1991,1:11～17
[28]陆礼红.软件无线电中纠错码的设计与实现:[硕士学位论文].浙江:浙江大学,2003.
[29]陆毅. 基于Peterson 算法BCH 码软件解码实现.苏州大学学报, 2007, 23(1): 47～50.
[30]马飞,谢建菲.通信系统的交织器技术.兵工自动化,2006,25(4):33～34
[31]王令成, 林中.一种新型Turbo码交织器设计方法.计算机工程与应用, 2004, 97(2):97～99.
[32]李娜,谢志远,李乐乐.基于ARM的交织编码技术的研究与设计.通信技术,2008,41(1):33～35
[33]刘会杰,景卓. 一种快速BCH编译码算法设计.通信技术,2003,8:3～6
[34]唐建军,纪越峰.超高速 BCH 码解码改进算法研究.通信学报,2004,25(9):21～27
[35]康恩婷.宽带电力线信道特性及 OFDM 性能的分析与研究:[硕士学位论文].保定:华北电力大学电子与通信工程系,2004
[36]周立功,张华.深入浅出ARM7--LPC213x/214x.上册.北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2006,1～352
[37]王作东.新型FSK电力线收发器ST7540及其应用.通信设备,2006,13:56～58
[38]刘晓胜,徐殿国.电力载波芯片ST7538及其应用.单片机与嵌入式系统应用2004,7:49～51
[39]林建宇,黄钊洪.基于电力线载波技术的远程电流数据采集系统的设计.电子技术应用,2005,31(5):25～27
[40]蔡红娟,贺良华.基于低压电力线通信的信号耦合电路设计.电力科学与工程,2007,23(1):49～51
[41]辜岷.BCH码软件译码技巧.无线电工程,2004,34(9):59～60
[42]Xinmiao Zhang,Parhi.High-Speed Architectures of Parallel Long BCH Encoders. In: IEEE Transactions on very large scale integration systems, 2005,13(7):872～877
[43]赖于树.ARM 微处理器与应用开发.北京:电子工业出版社,2007,1～478
[2]耿炫. 基于 OFDM 的低压电力线通信信道估计的研究:[硕士学位论文]. 保定:华北电力大学电子与通信工程系,2004
[3]齐淑清.电力线通信(PLC)技术与应用.北京:中国电力出版社,2005,1～14
[4]林维明 ,华晓辉 ,王东方.低压电力线通信的现状与展望.电力系统通信,2007,28(172):45～49
[5]Gorge Jee,Con Edison. Demonstration of the Technical Viability of PLC Systems on Medium and Low Voltage Lines in the United States.In:IEEE Communications Magazine, 2003. 108～112.
[6]李祥珍.电力线高速数据通信技术的发展及未来.电力系统通信,2006,27(162):1～6
[7]郭静波,王赞基.低压配电网扩频信号传输特性及通信系统实现对策.中国电机 工程学报2001,21(7):30～35
[8]Hooijen Olaf G.A.Channel Model for the Residential Power Circuit Used as a Digital Communications Medium.IEEE Transactions on Electromagnetic Compatibility,1998,40(4):331～336
[9]Tanaka M.High Frequency Noise Power Spectrum,Impedance and Transmission Loss of Power Line in Japan on Intrabuilding Power Line Communications. IEEE Transations on Consumer Electronics, 1988,34(2):321～326
[10]Hensen Christian,Schulz Wolfgan.Time Dependence of the Channel Characteristics of Lower Voltage Power-lines and its Effects on Hardware Implementation.International Journal of Communication,2000,54(1):23～32
[11]Liu D.Flint E.Wide.Band Line Characterzation.IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics,1999,45(4),1087～1097
[12]张众发. 低压电力线通信信道特性测量与分析:[硕士学位论文]. 重庆:重庆大学通信工程系,2006
[13]Zimmermann M,Dostert K.An Analysis of the Broadband Noise Scenario in Power-line Network.In:T.Coffey and S.McGrath,eds.Proceedings of the 4th International Symposium on Power-line Communications and Its Applications.Limerick(Ireland):2000,131～138
[14]Morgan H.L.Chan,Robert W.Donaldson.Amplitude,width,and Interarrival Distributing for Noise Impulses on Intrabuilding Power Line Communication Networks.IEEE Transactions on EMC August, 1989, 31(3):320～323
[15]赵云峰,汪晓岩,徐立中,等.低压电力线噪声分析与建模.电力系统通信.2003,24(1):31～34
[16]H.Meng,S.Chen,Y.L.Guan,et al.A Transmission Line Model for High-Frequency Power Line Communication Channel.eds.International Conference on Power System Technology(PowerCon 2002),Kunming,China,IEEE/PES-CSEE,2002,13～17
[17]Zimmermann M,Dostert K.A Multi-path Signal Propagation Model for the Power-line Channel in the High Frequency Range.In:Bahram Honary,A.J. Han Vinck,eds.Proceedings of the 3th International Symposium on Power-line Communications and Its Applications.Lancaster,UK,Shannon Foundation,1999,45～51
[18]Zimmermann M,Dostert K.A Multipath Model for the Powerline Channel.IEEE Transactions on Communications,2002,50(4):553～559
[19]Tom Bostoen,Olivier Van de Wiel.Modelling the Low-Voltage Power Distribution Network in the Frequency Band from 0.5MHz to 30MHz for Broadband Powerline Communication.Eds.2000 International Zurich Seminar on Broadband Communications, Zurich, Switzerland: IEEE,2000,171～178
[20]L.T.Tang,P.L.So,et al.Characterization and Modeling of In-building Power Lines for High-speed Data Transmission.IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2003,18(1):69～77
[21]宋文妙.宽带电力线通信关键技术的研究:[硕士学位论文]. 北京:北京邮电大学电信工程学院,2006
[22]王新梅.纠错码-原理与方法. 西安:西安电子科技大学出版社, 2001. 242～290.
[23]张宗橙.纠错编码原理和应用.北京:电子工业出版社,2003. 152～183.
[24]楼向雄,骆建军. 一种 BCH(31,21)快速编译码算法及其 VLSI 实现.微电子学,2004, 43(6): 709～711.
[25]Keshab K. Parhi. Eliminating the Fanout Bottleneck in Parallel Long BCH Encoders.In:IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS I: REGULAR PAPERS, 2004, 51(3):512～516.
[26]刘富全.纠错编码技术及应用.哈尔滨:哈尔滨船舶工程学院出版社,1993.56～98
[27]梁军,汪漱玉.BCH 码的时域和频域译码算法对比.无线电通信技术,1991,1:11～17
[28]陆礼红.软件无线电中纠错码的设计与实现:[硕士学位论文].浙江:浙江大学,2003.
[29]陆毅. 基于Peterson 算法BCH 码软件解码实现.苏州大学学报, 2007, 23(1): 47～50.
[30]马飞,谢建菲.通信系统的交织器技术.兵工自动化,2006,25(4):33～34
[31]王令成, 林中.一种新型Turbo码交织器设计方法.计算机工程与应用, 2004, 97(2):97～99.
[32]李娜,谢志远,李乐乐.基于ARM的交织编码技术的研究与设计.通信技术,2008,41(1):33～35
[33]刘会杰,景卓. 一种快速BCH编译码算法设计.通信技术,2003,8:3～6
[34]唐建军,纪越峰.超高速 BCH 码解码改进算法研究.通信学报,2004,25(9):21～27
[35]康恩婷.宽带电力线信道特性及 OFDM 性能的分析与研究:[硕士学位论文].保定:华北电力大学电子与通信工程系,2004
[36]周立功,张华.深入浅出ARM7--LPC213x/214x.上册.北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2006,1～352
[37]王作东.新型FSK电力线收发器ST7540及其应用.通信设备,2006,13:56～58
[38]刘晓胜,徐殿国.电力载波芯片ST7538及其应用.单片机与嵌入式系统应用2004,7:49～51
[39]林建宇,黄钊洪.基于电力线载波技术的远程电流数据采集系统的设计.电子技术应用,2005,31(5):25～27
[40]蔡红娟,贺良华.基于低压电力线通信的信号耦合电路设计.电力科学与工程,2007,23(1):49～51
[41]辜岷.BCH码软件译码技巧.无线电工程,2004,34(9):59～60
[42]Xinmiao Zhang,Parhi.High-Speed Architectures of Parallel Long BCH Encoders. In: IEEE Transactions on very large scale integration systems, 2005,13(7):872～877
[43]赖于树.ARM 微处理器与应用开发.北京:电子工业出版社,2007,1～478