直接氧化酸洗废液制备聚合硫酸铁脱色剂及应用研究
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摘要
印染废水的治理,特别是印染废水脱色,是一个具有重大实用价值的研究课题。本文在阐述印染废水的来源、特征及国内外各种印染废水处理方法的基础上。通过双氧水直接氧化七水硫酸亚铁制备聚合硫酸铁脱色剂的合成反应的工艺条件,对钢厂酸洗废液制得聚合硫酸铁脱色剂的工艺条件进行了探讨；并就聚合硫酸铁脱色剂在印染废水中的应用进行了研究。具体内容有：
(1)以七水合硫酸亚铁为原料,双氧水作为氧化剂,在添加适量的硫酸来控制酸度的条件下,制得纯净的实验产品。
(2)双氧水直接氧化七水硫酸亚铁制得聚合硫酸铁的工艺中,结合性能检验对合成产品的各项工艺条件进行了单因素考察。探索了硫酸用量、氧化剂用量、反应温度、搅拌强度及搅拌时间、反应时间对产品性能的影响以及产品的稳定性。研究发现：硫酸、双氧水用量及反应时间对产品的性能影响较大。
(3)结果表明：常温下,30gFeSO_4·7H_2O、30ml水、8.0m1 H202,在硫酸用量为1.7--2.6mL,熟化时间4.0 h左右,制备的产品盐基度比较高,而且质量稳定。实验制备的脱色剂具有良好的物理性质,粘稠度适中,可以与水以任意比例混合,在水溶液中呈现阳离子聚电解质的特性,在实际生产中,使用方便。
(4)利用钢厂酸洗废液制备聚合硫酸铁脱色剂。钢铁酸洗废液中含Fe~(2+)和未作用完的酸,如果直接排出,不仅造成了环境污染、增加了经济损失,还浪费了资源；用双氧水直接氧化钢厂酸洗废液制得聚合硫酸铁,以实现资源的综合循环利来。制得的产品与国标产品对照,由酸洗废液制得的产品质量良好。
(5)将酸洗废液制得的实验产品,并将它应用于模拟染料废水的处理,分别考察了聚合硫酸铁脱色剂对酸性黑210、酸性黑234、酸性红B、孔雀石绿染料废水的脱色效果。并与实验室试剂制备的产品作了脱色效果比较,由此体现出实验产品优良的絮凝脱色性能,并研究了它在上述染料废水处理中的应用规律。
结果表明：实验室制备的产品具有优良的絮凝脱色性能,并且制备工艺简单,易于控制。本论文为印染废水的絮凝沉降处理方法提供了一种新型的性能优良的脱色剂。
Treating the printing and dyeing wastewater, especially decoloring, is an important task with practical value. On the basis of surveying the resource、characteristic and treatment approaches inside and outside of the country of printing and dyeing wastewater, in this paper reaction which peroxide hydrogen oxidates directly with acid wastewater to synthesize polymerized ferric sulphate decoloring agent is studied systematically.The synthetic condition is optimized and the application performance of polymerized ferric sulphate decoloring agent on printing and dyeing wastewater is also studied. The main contents of experiment as following:
(1)Polymerized ferric sulpHate decoloring agent is made with ferrous sulphate heptahydrate, appropriate sulphate acid, peroxide hydrogen. We can get the poor product by experiment reagent.
(2)In the experiment which peroxide hydrogen oxidates directly with acid wastewater to synthesize polymerized ferric sulphate decoloring agent, dosages of sulfate acid and oxidant, reaction temperature, reaction time, mixing speed and time on quality of product and stableness are studied systematically. Experiments show the dosage of sulphate acid and oxidant, reaction time are the most important factors on property of the product.
(3)Results show the synthetic conditions to be:the dosage of ferrous sulphate heptahydrate:30g; the dosage of water:30mL; the dosage of sulpHate acid:1.7-2.6mL; the dosage of peroxide hydrogen:8.0mL; reaction time:4.0h. The product is indicated to be a kind of liquid with high alkalinity degree and stableness. The decoloring agent is well physics character, situated dense degree; it can solve in water and present the characteristics of the cation polymerized electrolyte; it is convenience to use in the practice production.
(4)Acid wastewater is used to synthesize polymerized ferric sulphate decoloring agent.It will effect environment pollution, add ecnomy expense and waste resource if the acid wastewater which contain lot of ferrous and acid discharged.It can make full use of resource by peroxide hydrogen oxidating directly with acid wastewater to synthesize polymerized ferric sulpHate; the production is well quality by comparison with GB.
(5)The performance of the decolourization of polymerize ferric sulphate decoloring agent prepared in the optimum condition by acid wastewater applying in acid black210、acid black23、acid red B and malachite green dye-containing wastewater treatment are researched, comparing with ordinary polymerized ferric sulphate which product by experiment reagent. Results show it is as excellent as ordinary polymerized ferric sulphate in flocculation and decolourization. The application rule in dyeing and printing wastewater is studied.
Results show the excellent performance of decolourization and flocculation and operation is simple, convenient and controlled easily. It provides a new type decoloring agent with high efficiency applying in printing and dyeing wastewater treatment.
(1)以七水合硫酸亚铁为原料,双氧水作为氧化剂,在添加适量的硫酸来控制酸度的条件下,制得纯净的实验产品。
(2)双氧水直接氧化七水硫酸亚铁制得聚合硫酸铁的工艺中,结合性能检验对合成产品的各项工艺条件进行了单因素考察。探索了硫酸用量、氧化剂用量、反应温度、搅拌强度及搅拌时间、反应时间对产品性能的影响以及产品的稳定性。研究发现：硫酸、双氧水用量及反应时间对产品的性能影响较大。
(3)结果表明：常温下,30gFeSO_4·7H_2O、30ml水、8.0m1 H202,在硫酸用量为1.7--2.6mL,熟化时间4.0 h左右,制备的产品盐基度比较高,而且质量稳定。实验制备的脱色剂具有良好的物理性质,粘稠度适中,可以与水以任意比例混合,在水溶液中呈现阳离子聚电解质的特性,在实际生产中,使用方便。
(4)利用钢厂酸洗废液制备聚合硫酸铁脱色剂。钢铁酸洗废液中含Fe~(2+)和未作用完的酸,如果直接排出,不仅造成了环境污染、增加了经济损失,还浪费了资源；用双氧水直接氧化钢厂酸洗废液制得聚合硫酸铁,以实现资源的综合循环利来。制得的产品与国标产品对照,由酸洗废液制得的产品质量良好。
(5)将酸洗废液制得的实验产品,并将它应用于模拟染料废水的处理,分别考察了聚合硫酸铁脱色剂对酸性黑210、酸性黑234、酸性红B、孔雀石绿染料废水的脱色效果。并与实验室试剂制备的产品作了脱色效果比较,由此体现出实验产品优良的絮凝脱色性能,并研究了它在上述染料废水处理中的应用规律。
结果表明：实验室制备的产品具有优良的絮凝脱色性能,并且制备工艺简单,易于控制。本论文为印染废水的絮凝沉降处理方法提供了一种新型的性能优良的脱色剂。
Treating the printing and dyeing wastewater, especially decoloring, is an important task with practical value. On the basis of surveying the resource、characteristic and treatment approaches inside and outside of the country of printing and dyeing wastewater, in this paper reaction which peroxide hydrogen oxidates directly with acid wastewater to synthesize polymerized ferric sulphate decoloring agent is studied systematically.The synthetic condition is optimized and the application performance of polymerized ferric sulphate decoloring agent on printing and dyeing wastewater is also studied. The main contents of experiment as following:
(1)Polymerized ferric sulpHate decoloring agent is made with ferrous sulphate heptahydrate, appropriate sulphate acid, peroxide hydrogen. We can get the poor product by experiment reagent.
(2)In the experiment which peroxide hydrogen oxidates directly with acid wastewater to synthesize polymerized ferric sulphate decoloring agent, dosages of sulfate acid and oxidant, reaction temperature, reaction time, mixing speed and time on quality of product and stableness are studied systematically. Experiments show the dosage of sulphate acid and oxidant, reaction time are the most important factors on property of the product.
(3)Results show the synthetic conditions to be:the dosage of ferrous sulphate heptahydrate:30g; the dosage of water:30mL; the dosage of sulpHate acid:1.7-2.6mL; the dosage of peroxide hydrogen:8.0mL; reaction time:4.0h. The product is indicated to be a kind of liquid with high alkalinity degree and stableness. The decoloring agent is well physics character, situated dense degree; it can solve in water and present the characteristics of the cation polymerized electrolyte; it is convenience to use in the practice production.
(4)Acid wastewater is used to synthesize polymerized ferric sulphate decoloring agent.It will effect environment pollution, add ecnomy expense and waste resource if the acid wastewater which contain lot of ferrous and acid discharged.It can make full use of resource by peroxide hydrogen oxidating directly with acid wastewater to synthesize polymerized ferric sulpHate; the production is well quality by comparison with GB.
(5)The performance of the decolourization of polymerize ferric sulphate decoloring agent prepared in the optimum condition by acid wastewater applying in acid black210、acid black23、acid red B and malachite green dye-containing wastewater treatment are researched, comparing with ordinary polymerized ferric sulphate which product by experiment reagent. Results show it is as excellent as ordinary polymerized ferric sulphate in flocculation and decolourization. The application rule in dyeing and printing wastewater is studied.
Results show the excellent performance of decolourization and flocculation and operation is simple, convenient and controlled easily. It provides a new type decoloring agent with high efficiency applying in printing and dyeing wastewater treatment.
引文
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[2]Dilek Solpan, Olgun Guven. Decoloration and degradation of some textile dyes bygamma irradiation. Radiation PHysics and Chemistry,2002,65(4):549-558
[3]Zhou Qixing. Chemical pollution and transport of organic dyes in water-soil-cropsystem of the Chinese coast. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology,2001,66(6):784-793
[4]李家珍.染料染色工业废水处理.北京：化学工业出版社,1994.138-142
[5]张宇峰,滕洁,张雪英等.印染废水处理技术的研究进展.工业水处理,2003,23(4)：23-27
[6]唐受印,汪大晕,戴友芝等。废水处理工程北京：化学工业出版社,1998.29
[7]Sanghi R., Bhattacharga B. Review on decolorisation of aqueous dye solution by low cost adsorbents. Coloration Technology,2002,[18(5):256-269
[8]阎存仙.粉煤灰的综合利用.上海环境科学,1996,15(2)：21-23
[9]Z. AlQodah. Adsorption of dyes using shale oil ash. Water Research,2000,34(17):4295-4303
[10]Mahmut Ozacar 1. Ayhan Sengil. Adsorption of acid dyes from aqueous solution by calcined alunite and granular activated carbon. Adsorption,2002,8(4):301-308
[11]宋光蒲,蒋志贤,施清.阳离子交换纤维对阳离子染料的脱色.水处理技术,1989,15(4)：243-246
[12]Majcen-Le Marechal, A.; Slokar, YM.; Taufer, T. Decoloration of chlorotriazine reactive azo dyes with H//20//2/UV Dyes and Pigments,1997,33(4):281-298
[13]冀滨弘,章非娟.染料工业废水处理的现状与进展.污染防治技术,1998,11(4)：250-253
[14]蒋展鹏.化学氧化法处理资源回收后的丁一酸和吐氏酸染料中间体废液.环境科学,1997,18(4)：35-37
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