啤酒厂CO_2回收工艺及平衡节能技术应用
摘要
中国啤酒行业一直存在着综合能耗大、生产成本高、吨酒利润低的问题。随着工业化进程突飞猛进,中国能源消费量大幅度的增长。如何节约能源,降低万元GDP综合能耗成为了中国政府乃至全社会的重要议题。
CO_2是一种啤酒生产过程中重要的原料,在啤酒发酵过程中会产生大量的CO_2同时在啤酒成产中又会需要大量的CO_2做为原料。作为啤酒厂CO_2的回收和使用平衡问题是本文所研究的主要内容之一。CO_2同时又是一种制冷剂,编号为R744。CO_2作为制冷剂对臭氧层破坏较小,对环境的负荷是微不足道的,是一种优质、高效、环保的制冷剂。目前中国啤酒行业大多采用蒸汽汽化工艺,这样不但浪费了大量的蒸汽而且还白白的浪费了液态CO_2的冷量。如何改变传统的汽化工艺将液态的CO_2冷量回收使用也是本文主要论述的内容之一。
本论文以珠江啤酒股份有限公司(以下简称珠啤)的“CO_2回收工艺技术平衡节能试商用”项目为研究背景,根据现场实际,结合设备和工艺的特点,对CO_2回收系统的构造、功能、装备进行全面的分析,并进行了一系列实验和实际数据的对比研究工作。本文通过对珠啤现有CO_2回收工艺技术、设备的分析、讨论、研究找出系统存在耗能的瓶颈点并根据生产能力和回收能力进行分析研究改造方案。
本文通过生产最优化管理工具对珠啤CO_2回收和使用平衡进行研究,找出了影响平衡的关键因子和制定了具体实施措施。使啤酒在生产过程中产生的CO_2尽量较小的排放到大气中而造成环境污染,最大限度的进行回收再用于啤酒生产中的原材料消耗,这就是达到供需平衡。
通过对珠啤CO_2回收工艺技术和设备状况分析研究和工厂最优化管理CO_2平衡项目的研究找出了CO_2回收系统节能改造点和可行性改造方案。本论文中的分析研究为CO_2回收系统由“试商用”到“全面应用”提供了可靠的验证;也获得了该系统的最佳平衡工作方法和节能降耗实施措施,为系统在啤酒生产中低能耗回收和使用CO_2而达到平衡,具有很大的现实意义,获得良好的经济效益。
The Chinese beer industry, there has been a comprehensive energy consumption, high production costs, tons of wine in the problem of low profits. With rapid industrialization, China's energy consumption growth increased substantially. Such a high rate of consumption, so China is facing rapid depletion of energy risk. How to save energy and reduce overall energy consumption yuan GDP as the Chinese government and society of the important issues.
Carbon dioxide is a major process of beer production of raw materials, in the beer fermentation process will produce large amounts of carbon dioxide into the production of beer at the same time will require large amounts of carbon dioxide as a raw material. Recycling of carbon dioxide as a brewery and the use of the balance problem is this one of the main research. Carbon dioxide also is a refrigerant, numbered R744. Carbon dioxide as a refrigerant on the ozone layer destruction, the load on the environment is negligible, is a high quality, efficient and environmentally friendly refrigerants. Currently the number of Chinese beer industry used steam gasification process, it will not only waste a lot of white steam, but also a waste of cold liquid carbon dioxide. How to change the traditional process of vaporization of liquid carbon dioxide cold recycling is one of the elements discussed in this article.
In this thesis, the Pearl Brewery Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as bead beer) and "CO_2 recovery technology balance of commercial energy-saving pilot" project to study the background, according to the actual scene, combining the characteristics of equipment and processes, on the CO_2 recovery system structure, function, comprehensive analysis of equipment and conducted a series of comparative experiments and real data studies. Based on the recovery of carbon dioxide Zhujiang existing technology, equipment, analysis, discussion, research to identify bottlenecks in the system point of presence and energy production and recovery capabilities based analysis of rehabilitation programs.
In this paper, production management tools to optimize the recovery and use of Zhujiang carbon dioxide balance of research to identify the key factor affecting the balance and the specific implementation measures. Beer in the production process to produce carbon dioxide emissions into the atmosphere as much as possible in a smaller caused by environmental pollution, for maximum recycling of raw materials for the production of consumption of beer, which is to achieve balance between supply and demand.
Pearl beer by carbon dioxide recovery technology and equipment condition analysis and optimization of management of plant carbon dioxide balance in the studies to find out the energy saving point of carbon dioxide recovery system and the feasibility of rehabilitation programs. Analysis of this thesis for the carbon dioxide recovery system from the "commercial trial" to "full application" provides a reliable verification; also received the best balance of the system working methods and energy saving implement measures for the system at the beer production use of carbon dioxide recovery and low power consumption to achieve a balance of great practical significance, for good economic benefits.
CO_2是一种啤酒生产过程中重要的原料,在啤酒发酵过程中会产生大量的CO_2同时在啤酒成产中又会需要大量的CO_2做为原料。作为啤酒厂CO_2的回收和使用平衡问题是本文所研究的主要内容之一。CO_2同时又是一种制冷剂,编号为R744。CO_2作为制冷剂对臭氧层破坏较小,对环境的负荷是微不足道的,是一种优质、高效、环保的制冷剂。目前中国啤酒行业大多采用蒸汽汽化工艺,这样不但浪费了大量的蒸汽而且还白白的浪费了液态CO_2的冷量。如何改变传统的汽化工艺将液态的CO_2冷量回收使用也是本文主要论述的内容之一。
本论文以珠江啤酒股份有限公司(以下简称珠啤)的“CO_2回收工艺技术平衡节能试商用”项目为研究背景,根据现场实际,结合设备和工艺的特点,对CO_2回收系统的构造、功能、装备进行全面的分析,并进行了一系列实验和实际数据的对比研究工作。本文通过对珠啤现有CO_2回收工艺技术、设备的分析、讨论、研究找出系统存在耗能的瓶颈点并根据生产能力和回收能力进行分析研究改造方案。
本文通过生产最优化管理工具对珠啤CO_2回收和使用平衡进行研究,找出了影响平衡的关键因子和制定了具体实施措施。使啤酒在生产过程中产生的CO_2尽量较小的排放到大气中而造成环境污染,最大限度的进行回收再用于啤酒生产中的原材料消耗,这就是达到供需平衡。
通过对珠啤CO_2回收工艺技术和设备状况分析研究和工厂最优化管理CO_2平衡项目的研究找出了CO_2回收系统节能改造点和可行性改造方案。本论文中的分析研究为CO_2回收系统由“试商用”到“全面应用”提供了可靠的验证;也获得了该系统的最佳平衡工作方法和节能降耗实施措施,为系统在啤酒生产中低能耗回收和使用CO_2而达到平衡,具有很大的现实意义,获得良好的经济效益。
The Chinese beer industry, there has been a comprehensive energy consumption, high production costs, tons of wine in the problem of low profits. With rapid industrialization, China's energy consumption growth increased substantially. Such a high rate of consumption, so China is facing rapid depletion of energy risk. How to save energy and reduce overall energy consumption yuan GDP as the Chinese government and society of the important issues.
Carbon dioxide is a major process of beer production of raw materials, in the beer fermentation process will produce large amounts of carbon dioxide into the production of beer at the same time will require large amounts of carbon dioxide as a raw material. Recycling of carbon dioxide as a brewery and the use of the balance problem is this one of the main research. Carbon dioxide also is a refrigerant, numbered R744. Carbon dioxide as a refrigerant on the ozone layer destruction, the load on the environment is negligible, is a high quality, efficient and environmentally friendly refrigerants. Currently the number of Chinese beer industry used steam gasification process, it will not only waste a lot of white steam, but also a waste of cold liquid carbon dioxide. How to change the traditional process of vaporization of liquid carbon dioxide cold recycling is one of the elements discussed in this article.
In this thesis, the Pearl Brewery Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as bead beer) and "CO_2 recovery technology balance of commercial energy-saving pilot" project to study the background, according to the actual scene, combining the characteristics of equipment and processes, on the CO_2 recovery system structure, function, comprehensive analysis of equipment and conducted a series of comparative experiments and real data studies. Based on the recovery of carbon dioxide Zhujiang existing technology, equipment, analysis, discussion, research to identify bottlenecks in the system point of presence and energy production and recovery capabilities based analysis of rehabilitation programs.
In this paper, production management tools to optimize the recovery and use of Zhujiang carbon dioxide balance of research to identify the key factor affecting the balance and the specific implementation measures. Beer in the production process to produce carbon dioxide emissions into the atmosphere as much as possible in a smaller caused by environmental pollution, for maximum recycling of raw materials for the production of consumption of beer, which is to achieve balance between supply and demand.
Pearl beer by carbon dioxide recovery technology and equipment condition analysis and optimization of management of plant carbon dioxide balance in the studies to find out the energy saving point of carbon dioxide recovery system and the feasibility of rehabilitation programs. Analysis of this thesis for the carbon dioxide recovery system from the "commercial trial" to "full application" provides a reliable verification; also received the best balance of the system working methods and energy saving implement measures for the system at the beer production use of carbon dioxide recovery and low power consumption to achieve a balance of great practical significance, for good economic benefits.
引文
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[25]任双惠.CO_2回收系统冰堵的原因及分析[J].啤酒科技,2001,(08):23-25
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[28]郝世林,王迎彬,靳建森,曹明伟.CO_2回收冷却系统的改进[J].烟草科技,2007,(03):33-34
[29]陈泽忠.谈谈提高CO_2回收量及纯度[J].广州食品工业科技,1996,(03):8-11
[30]周志荣.啤酒CO_2回收装置配置封闭循环冷却水的设计[J].上海节能,1996,(04):21-24
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[33] Soon-Hwa Yeon, Ki-Sub Lee, Bongkuk Sea, Yu-In Park and Kew-Ho Lee.Application of pilot-scale membrane contactor hybrid system for removal of carbon dioxide from flue gas [M].Journal of Membrane Science,2005:112-115
[34]鲁信元等.超滤技术在果酒澄清中的应用[J].食品与发酵工业,1991,(2):17-2l
[35]程高,寿清.啤酒酿造工艺技术的最新发展[J].食品与发酵工业,1989,(4):86-91
[36]杜绿君.中国啤酒工业发展的态势及展望[J].啤酒科技,2005,(3):3-5
[37]冯东方,张尧,王永.硅藻土与板框过滤[J].啤酒科技,2004,(9):56-58
[38]王树庆.硅藻土过滤一个影响啤酒质量不容忽视的工艺死角[J].酿酒,2000,(6):6l-62.
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[41]肖旭霖.食品机械与设备[M].北京:科学出版社,2006:36-42
[42] Kim Young-Seok and Yang Seung-Man.Absorption of carbon dioxide through hollow fiber membranes using various aqueous absorbents [M].Separation and Purification Technology,2000:89-92
[43]丁国良,黄冬平.二氧化碳制冷技术[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2007年:33-45
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[2]胡继强.食品机械与设备[M].北京:中国轻工业出版社,2006:53-55
[3]蔡功禄.食品生物工程机械与设备[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2002:93-95
[4] Oldenburg C M, Stevens S H, Benson S M. Economic feasibility of carbon sequestration with enhanced gas recovery (CSEGR)[M].Energy,2004:35-38
[5]李天成,冯霞,李鑫钢.二氧化碳处理技术现状及其发展趋势[J].化学工业与工程,2002,(02):14-15
[6]师忠秀.机械原理课程设计[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2008:59-60
[7]柴立平.泵选用手册[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2009:79-83
[8] Gerald Parkinson. Process Sets a Limit on CO_2 Emissions[J].Chemical Engineering, 2000,(3):19-21
[9]夏明珠,严莲荷,雷武,王风云,朱彬,赵小蕾,.二氧化碳的分离回收技术与综合利用[J].现代化工,1999,(05):18-19
[10]周锡堂,樊栓狮.二氧化碳收集利用与处置技术分析[J].中外能源,2006,(05):19-20
[11] Vincent G G, Kevin W K Y.Pressure swing adsorption for carbon dioxide sequestration from exhaust gases [M].Sep. and Purif. Technol,2002:102-105
[12]魏晓丹.国内外二氧化碳的利用现状及进展[J].低温与特气,1997,(04):11-12
[13]胡晓波,胡晓湘,胡庆福.CO_2回收方法与利用途径及开发建议[J].镁化合物科技(生产)信息,2005,(2):33-34
[14]周忠清.二氧化碳的分离回收工艺[J].化学与生物工程,1992,(04):25-26
[15] Gerald Parkinson. DOE will Invest in New Process & Energy-Saving Technologies[J].Chemical Engineering,2001,(2):23
[16]刘静.二氧化碳回收工程项目进度控制研究[J].沈阳工业大学学报,2008年:35-39
[17]颜家保,张浩,于庆满.二氧化碳回收技术及应用前景[J].应用化工,2005,(2):11-13
[18]宋师忠,焦艳霞.二氧化碳用途综述与生产现状[J].化工科技市场,2003,(12):33-34
[19]岳进.二氧化碳的回收利用[J].科技与经济, 1997,(5):19-21
[20]夏明珠,严莲荷.二氧化碳的分离回收技术与综合利用[J].现代化工, 1999,(5):9-10
[21]李振家.有关液体CO_2回收工艺的设计[J].西轻设计,1989,(1):33-34
[22] ROBINSON P K.Factors affecting the growth characteristics of alginate - entrapped chlorella [M].Enzyme Microbl Technol, 1986,(11)33-35
[23]马仰乔.高纯度食品级CO_2回收纯化装置在川投产[J].深冷技术, 2000, (01):23-25
[24]董海善,成改仙.谈我公司CO_2回收系统的改造[J].啤酒科技,2003,(02):33-35
[25]任双惠.CO_2回收系统冰堵的原因及分析[J].啤酒科技,2001,(08):23-25
[26]任双惠.浅析国内外CO_2回收装置及自动控制[J].啤酒科技,2001,(09):9-11
[27]周志荣.啤酒CO_2回收装置的节水改进设计[J].北京节能,1996,(03):8-9
[28]郝世林,王迎彬,靳建森,曹明伟.CO_2回收冷却系统的改进[J].烟草科技,2007,(03):33-34
[29]陈泽忠.谈谈提高CO_2回收量及纯度[J].广州食品工业科技,1996,(03):8-11
[30]周志荣.啤酒CO_2回收装置配置封闭循环冷却水的设计[J].上海节能,1996,(04):21-24
[31]严加伟.啤酒的国际市场[J].食品与发酵工业,1991,(2):85-89
[32]控步玉.啤酒硅藻土过滤技术[J].食品与发酵工业,1990,(4):60-66
[33] Soon-Hwa Yeon, Ki-Sub Lee, Bongkuk Sea, Yu-In Park and Kew-Ho Lee.Application of pilot-scale membrane contactor hybrid system for removal of carbon dioxide from flue gas [M].Journal of Membrane Science,2005:112-115
[34]鲁信元等.超滤技术在果酒澄清中的应用[J].食品与发酵工业,1991,(2):17-2l
[35]程高,寿清.啤酒酿造工艺技术的最新发展[J].食品与发酵工业,1989,(4):86-91
[36]杜绿君.中国啤酒工业发展的态势及展望[J].啤酒科技,2005,(3):3-5
[37]冯东方,张尧,王永.硅藻土与板框过滤[J].啤酒科技,2004,(9):56-58
[38]王树庆.硅藻土过滤一个影响啤酒质量不容忽视的工艺死角[J].酿酒,2000,(6):6l-62.
[39]逯家富,赵金海.啤酒生产技术[M].北京:科学出版社,2004:56-63
[40]李燕平,陈树文.啤酒厂CO_2回收工艺[J].食品与机械,1997,(1):29-30
[41]肖旭霖.食品机械与设备[M].北京:科学出版社,2006:36-42
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