真空加热炉热力计算校核软件开发及焦化炉工艺软件完善
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摘要
本论文利用面向对象编程软件Visual Basic 6.0完成了真空加热炉热力计算校核软件开发和焦化炉工艺软件完善。
真空加热炉热力计算校核软件包括燃烧计算、烟火管计算、盘管计算及烟气阻力计算等模块,计算得到烟气出火管温度、排烟温度、介质出口温度、盘管压降以及烟气压降等关键工艺参数,与现有Excel计算软件相比:1.软件可对两回程和三回程烟管进行计算,并将烟管分四段计算得到烟管内烟气温度、烟管传热系数、烟管负荷等参数的分布;2.软件对不同盘管型式进行计算,包括光管、内螺纹管和扰流子盘管,针对不同加热介质选择适合的盘管型式,减少盘管内壁结垢;3.介质物性数据可以自动计算不需人工查图减小人为误差。
对焦化炉工艺软件进行了进一步完善,给定非平均热强度的情况下,可以计算得到油品在管内的停留时间、热转化率、流型、管内壁温度等重要工艺参数。利用辐射传热模型Monte Carlo方法,完成了焦化炉管外传热的编程计算,分别对斜顶炉中间布管、双面辐射焦化炉两侧布管、新型单面辐射焦化炉等炉型进行管外热强度计算,考察了中间燃烧、贴墙燃烧及壁面发热三种燃烧方式对管外热强度分布的影响,并与CFX模拟结果进行对比。计算结果表明三种燃烧方式,壁面发热与中间燃烧和侧墙燃烧相比下部炉管热强度较大,上部炉管热强度较小,热强度下移。编程计算与CFX模拟计算热强度沿炉管变化趋势基本相同。
Chemical Engineering and Technology
Software development for thermodynamic calculations of vacuum furnace and Process Software Completion of coking furnace have been completed in the thesis with Visual Basic 6.0.
Software development for thermodynamic calculations of vacuum furnace consists of the computation modules such as the combustion calculation, the firework tube calculation, the coil calculation and the flue gas resistance calculation. The software can get the key process parameters, such as the temperature of the gas out of the fire, exhaust gas temperature, the temperature of streams leaving coils, outlet temperature of the heated medium, the pressure drop of coil, etc. Compared with Excel software has good points: 1. It can calculate the three return-pipe, and along the the direction of gas flow pipes can be divided into four pipe and get the temperature distribution of smoke; 2. Software calculates a variety of coil types, including fluorescent tubes, internally ribbed tube and turbulator coil; 3. Dielectric properties data can be automatically calculated and reduce human error.
In addition, process software of coking furnace has been Completed. In the case of given heat intensity of each tube, software can calculate process parameters, such as residence time, thermal conversion, flow and tube wall temperature. Using Monte Carlo methods, software completes programming terms for hot strength of pipe. Software calculates hot strength of pipe for slant furnace of the middle of piping , side piping of double-sided radiation coking furnace, new single-sided radiation furnace coking furnace and so on. Software studies the impact on the outside tube heat intensity distribution with middle combustion, side combustion and wall heat, and compared with CFX and box-tope furnace. The results show that in the three types of combustion, the lower part of tubes have larger heat intensities and the upper tubes have smaller heat intensities on the types of wall combustion. Programming calculation and CFX simulation have the same trend.
真空加热炉热力计算校核软件包括燃烧计算、烟火管计算、盘管计算及烟气阻力计算等模块,计算得到烟气出火管温度、排烟温度、介质出口温度、盘管压降以及烟气压降等关键工艺参数,与现有Excel计算软件相比:1.软件可对两回程和三回程烟管进行计算,并将烟管分四段计算得到烟管内烟气温度、烟管传热系数、烟管负荷等参数的分布;2.软件对不同盘管型式进行计算,包括光管、内螺纹管和扰流子盘管,针对不同加热介质选择适合的盘管型式,减少盘管内壁结垢;3.介质物性数据可以自动计算不需人工查图减小人为误差。
对焦化炉工艺软件进行了进一步完善,给定非平均热强度的情况下,可以计算得到油品在管内的停留时间、热转化率、流型、管内壁温度等重要工艺参数。利用辐射传热模型Monte Carlo方法,完成了焦化炉管外传热的编程计算,分别对斜顶炉中间布管、双面辐射焦化炉两侧布管、新型单面辐射焦化炉等炉型进行管外热强度计算,考察了中间燃烧、贴墙燃烧及壁面发热三种燃烧方式对管外热强度分布的影响,并与CFX模拟结果进行对比。计算结果表明三种燃烧方式,壁面发热与中间燃烧和侧墙燃烧相比下部炉管热强度较大,上部炉管热强度较小,热强度下移。编程计算与CFX模拟计算热强度沿炉管变化趋势基本相同。
Chemical Engineering and Technology
Software development for thermodynamic calculations of vacuum furnace and Process Software Completion of coking furnace have been completed in the thesis with Visual Basic 6.0.
Software development for thermodynamic calculations of vacuum furnace consists of the computation modules such as the combustion calculation, the firework tube calculation, the coil calculation and the flue gas resistance calculation. The software can get the key process parameters, such as the temperature of the gas out of the fire, exhaust gas temperature, the temperature of streams leaving coils, outlet temperature of the heated medium, the pressure drop of coil, etc. Compared with Excel software has good points: 1. It can calculate the three return-pipe, and along the the direction of gas flow pipes can be divided into four pipe and get the temperature distribution of smoke; 2. Software calculates a variety of coil types, including fluorescent tubes, internally ribbed tube and turbulator coil; 3. Dielectric properties data can be automatically calculated and reduce human error.
In addition, process software of coking furnace has been Completed. In the case of given heat intensity of each tube, software can calculate process parameters, such as residence time, thermal conversion, flow and tube wall temperature. Using Monte Carlo methods, software completes programming terms for hot strength of pipe. Software calculates hot strength of pipe for slant furnace of the middle of piping , side piping of double-sided radiation coking furnace, new single-sided radiation furnace coking furnace and so on. Software studies the impact on the outside tube heat intensity distribution with middle combustion, side combustion and wall heat, and compared with CFX and box-tope furnace. The results show that in the three types of combustion, the lower part of tubes have larger heat intensities and the upper tubes have smaller heat intensities on the types of wall combustion. Programming calculation and CFX simulation have the same trend.
引文
[1]钱家麟,于遵宏,王兰田.管式加热炉[M].北京:烃加工出版社,1987: 352-354
[2]彭启忠,孙云峰,倪双明.真空加热炉在油田中发挥的作用[J].油气田地面工程,2003(1): 22
[3]钱家麟,于遵宏,王兰田.管式加热炉[M].北京:烃加工出版社,1987: 359-363
[4]雷建,李波,于国华.真空超导管式加热炉在油田集输系统中的应用[J].中国设备工程,2005,10
[5]李春年.渣油加工工艺[M].北京:中国石化出版社,2002: 83-90
[6]程之光.重油加工技术[M].北京:中国石化出版社,1994: 382-385
[7]王兰娟,肖家治,魏学军等.传热模型对焦化炉关键校核参数影响的研究[J].工业炉,2002,23(2) : 30-33
[8]李春年.渣油加工工艺[M].北京:中国石化出版社,2002: 83-90
[9]肖家治,王兰娟,蔡升.焦化炉工艺校核方法的研究[J].炼油设计,2001,10(32)
[10]苗承武,程祖亮等.油田油气集输设计技术手册下册[M].石油工业出版社,1994: 521-525
[11] Sun Ren-yuan,Li ai-fen. Gas Reservoir Engineering[M].College of Petroleum Engineering Uniwersity of Petroleum,China, 2004
[12]王松汉.石油化工设计手册[M].第1卷,石油化工基础数据.化学工业出版社,2001,9: 804
[13]王松汉.石油化工设计手册[M].第1卷,石油化工基础数据.化学工业出版社,2001,9: 848
[14]石油炼制及石油化工计算方法图表集[M].石油大学炼制系,1997: 353-357
[15]钱家麟,于遵宏,王兰田等.管式加热炉[M].第二版.北京:中国石化出版社,2003: 87
[16]钱家麟,于遵宏,王兰田等.管式加热炉[M].第二版.北京:中国石化出版社,2003: 89
[17]钱家麟,于遵宏,王兰田等.管式加热炉[M].第二版.北京:中国石化出版社,2003: 92
[18]化学工程手册编委会.化学工程师手册[M].北京:化学工业出社,1987: 954
[19] API. Technical Data book-petroleum refining[M].3rd. Chemical Engnieering Process, 1977: 143-148
[20]卢焕章等.石油化工基础数据手册[M].北京:化学工业出版社,1982: 11-57
[21]贾明生,凌长明.烟气酸露点温度的影响因素及其计算方法[J].研究与开发,2003,6(31)
[22]沈复,李阳初.石油加工单元过程原理(上册)[M].北京:中国石化出版社,1996:347
[23]火筒式加热炉热力与阻力计算方法[J].石油工业标准化技术委会.SY/T0535-94
[20]帕坦卡S.V.著.传热与流体流动的数值计算[M].张政译.北京:科学出版社,1984
[21] Ni M.J, Tao W.Q, Wang S.J., et al.Stability-controllable Second-order Difference Scheme for Convection Term [J]. Journal Thermal Science, 1998, 7(2):119-130
[22]陶文铨.计算传热学的近代进展[M].北京:科学出版社,2000
[23] Sheng Y., Shoukri M., Sheng G., Wood P.A., et al. Modification to the SIMPLE Method for Buoyancy-driven Flows [J]. Numerical Heat Transfer, Part B, 1998, 33:65-78
[24] Joshi D.S., Vanka S.P.. Multigrid Calculation Procedure for Internal Flows in Complex Geometries [J]. Numerical Heat Transfer, Part B, 1991, 20: 61-80
[25]苗承武,程祖亮等.油田油气集输设计技术手册上册[M].石油工业出版社,1994: 725-727
[26]苗承武,程祖亮等.油田油气集输设计技术手册上册[M].石油工业出版社,1994:733
[27]杨光炯,黄祖祺,杨向平等.圆筒型管式炉的试验及纯辐射传热模型的考核[J].石油学报(石油加工),1989,5(3) : 47-54
[28]魏学军,杨光炯,黄祖祺.圆筒型原油加热炉辐射室中三维传热及流体流动的数学模拟[J].石油学报(石油加工),1992,8(3) : 84-92
[29]黄祖祺.圆筒炉辐射室传热的Monte-Carlo解法[J].华东石油学院学报,1986, (1):110-120
[30]陈彦泽,杨向平.用蒙特卡罗法计算制氢转化炉辐射室温度分布[J].化学工业与工程技术,2003,24(1) : 12-14
[31]成珂,李新中,束鹏程.蒙特卡洛法在辐射传热中的应用研究[J].西安理工大学学报,2002,18(1) : 44-47
[32]李勇,杨光炯,黄祖祺等.半圆型圆筒炉辐射传热数学模型[J].石油学报(石油加工),1990,6(4) : 68-78
[33]何琨,马紫峰,吴德荣.大型乙烯裂解炉辐射传热的研究[J].化工进展, 2004,23(7) : 767-770
[34]刘为清,肖家治.蒙特卡罗方法在斜顶对称加热炉中的应用[J] .山东理工大学学报, 2003,17(6) : 18-21
[2]彭启忠,孙云峰,倪双明.真空加热炉在油田中发挥的作用[J].油气田地面工程,2003(1): 22
[3]钱家麟,于遵宏,王兰田.管式加热炉[M].北京:烃加工出版社,1987: 359-363
[4]雷建,李波,于国华.真空超导管式加热炉在油田集输系统中的应用[J].中国设备工程,2005,10
[5]李春年.渣油加工工艺[M].北京:中国石化出版社,2002: 83-90
[6]程之光.重油加工技术[M].北京:中国石化出版社,1994: 382-385
[7]王兰娟,肖家治,魏学军等.传热模型对焦化炉关键校核参数影响的研究[J].工业炉,2002,23(2) : 30-33
[8]李春年.渣油加工工艺[M].北京:中国石化出版社,2002: 83-90
[9]肖家治,王兰娟,蔡升.焦化炉工艺校核方法的研究[J].炼油设计,2001,10(32)
[10]苗承武,程祖亮等.油田油气集输设计技术手册下册[M].石油工业出版社,1994: 521-525
[11] Sun Ren-yuan,Li ai-fen. Gas Reservoir Engineering[M].College of Petroleum Engineering Uniwersity of Petroleum,China, 2004
[12]王松汉.石油化工设计手册[M].第1卷,石油化工基础数据.化学工业出版社,2001,9: 804
[13]王松汉.石油化工设计手册[M].第1卷,石油化工基础数据.化学工业出版社,2001,9: 848
[14]石油炼制及石油化工计算方法图表集[M].石油大学炼制系,1997: 353-357
[15]钱家麟,于遵宏,王兰田等.管式加热炉[M].第二版.北京:中国石化出版社,2003: 87
[16]钱家麟,于遵宏,王兰田等.管式加热炉[M].第二版.北京:中国石化出版社,2003: 89
[17]钱家麟,于遵宏,王兰田等.管式加热炉[M].第二版.北京:中国石化出版社,2003: 92
[18]化学工程手册编委会.化学工程师手册[M].北京:化学工业出社,1987: 954
[19] API. Technical Data book-petroleum refining[M].3rd. Chemical Engnieering Process, 1977: 143-148
[20]卢焕章等.石油化工基础数据手册[M].北京:化学工业出版社,1982: 11-57
[21]贾明生,凌长明.烟气酸露点温度的影响因素及其计算方法[J].研究与开发,2003,6(31)
[22]沈复,李阳初.石油加工单元过程原理(上册)[M].北京:中国石化出版社,1996:347
[23]火筒式加热炉热力与阻力计算方法[J].石油工业标准化技术委会.SY/T0535-94
[20]帕坦卡S.V.著.传热与流体流动的数值计算[M].张政译.北京:科学出版社,1984
[21] Ni M.J, Tao W.Q, Wang S.J., et al.Stability-controllable Second-order Difference Scheme for Convection Term [J]. Journal Thermal Science, 1998, 7(2):119-130
[22]陶文铨.计算传热学的近代进展[M].北京:科学出版社,2000
[23] Sheng Y., Shoukri M., Sheng G., Wood P.A., et al. Modification to the SIMPLE Method for Buoyancy-driven Flows [J]. Numerical Heat Transfer, Part B, 1998, 33:65-78
[24] Joshi D.S., Vanka S.P.. Multigrid Calculation Procedure for Internal Flows in Complex Geometries [J]. Numerical Heat Transfer, Part B, 1991, 20: 61-80
[25]苗承武,程祖亮等.油田油气集输设计技术手册上册[M].石油工业出版社,1994: 725-727
[26]苗承武,程祖亮等.油田油气集输设计技术手册上册[M].石油工业出版社,1994:733
[27]杨光炯,黄祖祺,杨向平等.圆筒型管式炉的试验及纯辐射传热模型的考核[J].石油学报(石油加工),1989,5(3) : 47-54
[28]魏学军,杨光炯,黄祖祺.圆筒型原油加热炉辐射室中三维传热及流体流动的数学模拟[J].石油学报(石油加工),1992,8(3) : 84-92
[29]黄祖祺.圆筒炉辐射室传热的Monte-Carlo解法[J].华东石油学院学报,1986, (1):110-120
[30]陈彦泽,杨向平.用蒙特卡罗法计算制氢转化炉辐射室温度分布[J].化学工业与工程技术,2003,24(1) : 12-14
[31]成珂,李新中,束鹏程.蒙特卡洛法在辐射传热中的应用研究[J].西安理工大学学报,2002,18(1) : 44-47
[32]李勇,杨光炯,黄祖祺等.半圆型圆筒炉辐射传热数学模型[J].石油学报(石油加工),1990,6(4) : 68-78
[33]何琨,马紫峰,吴德荣.大型乙烯裂解炉辐射传热的研究[J].化工进展, 2004,23(7) : 767-770
[34]刘为清,肖家治.蒙特卡罗方法在斜顶对称加热炉中的应用[J] .山东理工大学学报, 2003,17(6) : 18-21