井下螺旋轴流式混抽泵装置设计研究
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摘要
井下螺旋轴流式混抽泵是用于井下油气混抽的新技术。为了满足高含气油井,海上边际油井和煤层气井开发的需要,本研究室自主设计开发了井下螺旋轴流式混抽泵,并针对该泵目前存在的问题进行了研究。
轴向力一直是井下螺旋轴流式混抽泵不可避免的问题,为了准确得出螺旋轴流泵轴向力的计算方法,特别是在气液混抽过程中轴向力的计算方法,本文利用高等流体力学基本原理分析了螺旋轴流式混抽泵轴向力产生的机理,研究了泵腔流体的分布规律。通过对轴向力三个分力的研究,得出了螺旋轴流式混抽泵轴向力的计算方法和计算公式,该方法不但适用于单相工作介质的轴向力的计算,还适用于输送介质为气液混合物的轴向力的计算。
为了解决井下螺旋轴流式混抽泵轴向力平衡困难的问题,本文对传统轴向力平衡方法进行了总结和对比分析,发现传统轴向力平衡方法很难适用于井下螺旋轴流式混抽泵或者工作效率很低。为此,本文设计了两种新型轴向力平衡装置——“双外壳平衡管加平衡盘”轴向力平衡装置和“双外壳平衡管加平衡鼓”轴向力平衡装置,分别对其结构特点和工作原理进行了分析。通过对比分析几种常用井下螺旋轴流式混抽泵轴向力平衡装置可以得出,两种新型轴向力平衡装置无论在平衡能力还是在提高泵效方面都有着明显的优势,该平衡装置为解决井下螺旋轴流式混抽泵轴向力平衡问题提供了新的途径。
为了确定叶、导轮径向间隙——叶顶间隙,研究叶顶间隙的泄露对流场的影响,本文利用三维造型软件SolidWorks建立了螺旋轴流泵叶、导轮间隙的模型,运用数值模拟软件FLUENT对该模型进行了仿真分析。通过分析叶片中心轴向速度矢量分布得出了叶顶间隙的尺寸、输送介质含气率和泵的流量对叶轮内流场的影响规律;通过研究叶轮出口轴向速度分布,得出了叶、导轮径向叶顶间隙对叶顶轴向速度的影响规律;通过研究叶轮出口径向速度分布,得出了叶、导轮径向叶顶间隙对叶顶径向速度的影响规律。
本文对井下螺旋轴流式混抽泵的关键零件进行了设计,并利用作出的零件二维图和三维图对整个泵进行了组装,介绍了螺旋轴流式混抽泵的工作过程和安装步骤。对其中关键的零件进行了强度计算,计算显示,螺旋轴流式混抽泵的平衡盘、键、泵壳体等结构均满足工作需要。
Down-hole helico-axial multiphase pump is a new technology for pumping underground oil and gas mixture. In order to meet the needs of the high gas wells, offshore marginal oil wells and coalbed methane wells development, our laboratory designed the down-hole helico-axial multiphase pump, and studied the existing problems of the pump.
Axial force is an inevitable problem to the helico-axial multiphase pump. in order to predict the helico-axial pump axial force and get the calculation method accurately, especially get the calculation method to the gas-liquid mixture during pumping axial force, this paper analysis the mechanism of the axial force of the helico-axial multiphase pump, studies the distribution of the fluid by using the basic principles of fluid mechanics. The calculation methods and formulas to the helico-axial multiphase pump axial force is put forward by researching the three contribute axial force, this method not only applies to single-phase working medium, but also applies to on the gas-liquid mixture working medium.
In order to solve the problem of the axial force balance of the down-hole helico-axial multiphase pump that is difficult to settle, this article found that the traditional axial force balance is very difficult to apply to down-hole helico-axial multiphase pump because it works inefficient by summarising an compare the traditional axial force balance method. This paper designed two new axial force balance devices - the "double-shell balancing pipe & balancing disc" axial force balance device and the "double-shell balancing pipe & balancing drum" axial force balance device, and its structure characteristics and working principle is analyzed. By commparing several common axial force balance device, two new axial force balance devices has obvious advantages in terms of balance, or in ways to improve pump efficiency. the balance device provide a new way to balance the axial force of the down-hole helico-axial multiphase pump.
To determine the radial clearance between the blade wheel and guide wheel - blade tip clearance, the tip clearance leakage flow field is studied. this paper established the blade wheel and guide wheel model by using a three-dimensional modeling software SolidWorks, analysed the model by using theusing numerical simulation software FLUENT. By analyzing the distribution of blade center axial velocity vectors obtained the relationship between the size of the tip clearance, transport medium gas flow rate, pump flow and the inside flow field;by studying the distribution of the axial impeller outlet velocity, obtained the relationship between the tip clearance and the axial velocity; by studying distribution of the impeller exit radial velocity, obtained the relationship between the tip clearance and the radial velocity.
This paper designed the key components of the down-hole helico-axial multiphase pump and assemble the entire pump by using the parts that have been made two-dimensional drawings and three-dimensional map, introduced the work process and installation procedures of the down-hole helico-axial multiphase pump. The key parts of them had strength calculation, the calculation shows that the balancing disc of mixed plates, keys, pump housing and other structures of the helico-axial multiphase pump meet the work requirements.
轴向力一直是井下螺旋轴流式混抽泵不可避免的问题,为了准确得出螺旋轴流泵轴向力的计算方法,特别是在气液混抽过程中轴向力的计算方法,本文利用高等流体力学基本原理分析了螺旋轴流式混抽泵轴向力产生的机理,研究了泵腔流体的分布规律。通过对轴向力三个分力的研究,得出了螺旋轴流式混抽泵轴向力的计算方法和计算公式,该方法不但适用于单相工作介质的轴向力的计算,还适用于输送介质为气液混合物的轴向力的计算。
为了解决井下螺旋轴流式混抽泵轴向力平衡困难的问题,本文对传统轴向力平衡方法进行了总结和对比分析,发现传统轴向力平衡方法很难适用于井下螺旋轴流式混抽泵或者工作效率很低。为此,本文设计了两种新型轴向力平衡装置——“双外壳平衡管加平衡盘”轴向力平衡装置和“双外壳平衡管加平衡鼓”轴向力平衡装置,分别对其结构特点和工作原理进行了分析。通过对比分析几种常用井下螺旋轴流式混抽泵轴向力平衡装置可以得出,两种新型轴向力平衡装置无论在平衡能力还是在提高泵效方面都有着明显的优势,该平衡装置为解决井下螺旋轴流式混抽泵轴向力平衡问题提供了新的途径。
为了确定叶、导轮径向间隙——叶顶间隙,研究叶顶间隙的泄露对流场的影响,本文利用三维造型软件SolidWorks建立了螺旋轴流泵叶、导轮间隙的模型,运用数值模拟软件FLUENT对该模型进行了仿真分析。通过分析叶片中心轴向速度矢量分布得出了叶顶间隙的尺寸、输送介质含气率和泵的流量对叶轮内流场的影响规律;通过研究叶轮出口轴向速度分布,得出了叶、导轮径向叶顶间隙对叶顶轴向速度的影响规律;通过研究叶轮出口径向速度分布,得出了叶、导轮径向叶顶间隙对叶顶径向速度的影响规律。
本文对井下螺旋轴流式混抽泵的关键零件进行了设计,并利用作出的零件二维图和三维图对整个泵进行了组装,介绍了螺旋轴流式混抽泵的工作过程和安装步骤。对其中关键的零件进行了强度计算,计算显示,螺旋轴流式混抽泵的平衡盘、键、泵壳体等结构均满足工作需要。
Down-hole helico-axial multiphase pump is a new technology for pumping underground oil and gas mixture. In order to meet the needs of the high gas wells, offshore marginal oil wells and coalbed methane wells development, our laboratory designed the down-hole helico-axial multiphase pump, and studied the existing problems of the pump.
Axial force is an inevitable problem to the helico-axial multiphase pump. in order to predict the helico-axial pump axial force and get the calculation method accurately, especially get the calculation method to the gas-liquid mixture during pumping axial force, this paper analysis the mechanism of the axial force of the helico-axial multiphase pump, studies the distribution of the fluid by using the basic principles of fluid mechanics. The calculation methods and formulas to the helico-axial multiphase pump axial force is put forward by researching the three contribute axial force, this method not only applies to single-phase working medium, but also applies to on the gas-liquid mixture working medium.
In order to solve the problem of the axial force balance of the down-hole helico-axial multiphase pump that is difficult to settle, this article found that the traditional axial force balance is very difficult to apply to down-hole helico-axial multiphase pump because it works inefficient by summarising an compare the traditional axial force balance method. This paper designed two new axial force balance devices - the "double-shell balancing pipe & balancing disc" axial force balance device and the "double-shell balancing pipe & balancing drum" axial force balance device, and its structure characteristics and working principle is analyzed. By commparing several common axial force balance device, two new axial force balance devices has obvious advantages in terms of balance, or in ways to improve pump efficiency. the balance device provide a new way to balance the axial force of the down-hole helico-axial multiphase pump.
To determine the radial clearance between the blade wheel and guide wheel - blade tip clearance, the tip clearance leakage flow field is studied. this paper established the blade wheel and guide wheel model by using a three-dimensional modeling software SolidWorks, analysed the model by using theusing numerical simulation software FLUENT. By analyzing the distribution of blade center axial velocity vectors obtained the relationship between the size of the tip clearance, transport medium gas flow rate, pump flow and the inside flow field;by studying the distribution of the axial impeller outlet velocity, obtained the relationship between the tip clearance and the axial velocity; by studying distribution of the impeller exit radial velocity, obtained the relationship between the tip clearance and the radial velocity.
This paper designed the key components of the down-hole helico-axial multiphase pump and assemble the entire pump by using the parts that have been made two-dimensional drawings and three-dimensional map, introduced the work process and installation procedures of the down-hole helico-axial multiphase pump. The key parts of them had strength calculation, the calculation shows that the balancing disc of mixed plates, keys, pump housing and other structures of the helico-axial multiphase pump meet the work requirements.
引文
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[3]李清平.油气多向混输泵原理机性能研究.中国海上油气工程.2001:34-42
[4] Jacques de Sails, Mike Cordner, Mark Birnov. Multiphase Pumping Comes of Age[J]. World Pumps, 1998, 384(9): 53~54.
[5] Yves Charron, Elise Acloque, Sylvain Stihle.Two-Phase Helical Axial Turbines. SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition, SPE 84062, Colorado: 2003.
[6]王通.北海顿巴平台“海神”多相泵投产[J].国外油田工程,2000(12):40～41.
[7] Yves Charron, Philippe Pagnier, Elise Marchetta. Multiphase Flow Helico-Axial Turbine Applications and Performance. Abu Dhabi International Conference and Exhibition, SPE 88643, Abu Dhabi: 2004.
[8]何希杰.轴流泵相似设计[J].通用机械,2004,9:58～60.
[9] F .C.Lockwood,T.Abbas, N .H.Kandamby,etal.CFD experience on industrial combustors. Progress in Computational Fluid Dynamics,2001.1( 1-3):1 -13
[10] B.A dams,M.Cremer,J.Valentine,etal. Use of CFD modeling for design of NOx reduction systems in utility boilers. in Proceedings of the UPGC 2002 International Joint Power Generation Conference,Jun2 4-262 002.20 02,Scottsdale,A Z, United States: American Society of Mechanical Engineers
[11] K .R .Laflin, S.M .Klausmeyer, T.Zickuhr, etal. Summary of data from the second AIAA CFD drag prediction workshop( invited).in 42nd AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting and Exhibit, Jan5-8 2004.2004, Reno, NM United States: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics Inc., Reston, United States
[12] Perk Skiftesvik and Jonarve Svaren,multiphase Pumps and Flow Meters-Status of field Testings OTC7929.
[13] T. Kajishima, Y.Miyake. Discussion on eddy viscosity models on the basis of the largeed dysimulation of turbulent flow in a square duct.Computers& Fluids,1992,2 1(2):151-161
[14] D.Choudhury. FLUENT simulation of buoyancy-driven flow in a square enclosure with variable viscosity efects. in Proceedings of the1995 ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. Part1 (of2) ,Nov12-17 1995.1995,San Francisco, CA, USA: ASME, New York, NY,USA
[15] V.G .Ferreira, N.Mangiavacchi, M.F. Tome, etal. Numerical simulation of turbulent free surface flow with two-equation k -ε eddy-viscosity models. In ternational Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids,20 04,44 (4):3 47-375
[16]A.M.Davies. Numerical problems in simulating tidal flows with a frictional-velocity-dependent eddy viscosity and the in fluence of stratification. In ternational Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids ,1993,16(2): 105-131
[21]A .Burns, A.Splawski, S. Lo, etal. Application of coupled solver technology to CFD modeling of multiphase flows with CFX.in First International Conference on Computational Methods in Multiphase Flow, Multiphase Flow1, Mar14 -16 2001.20 01,orlando,FL ,United States:Computational Mechanics Inc., Billerica, United States
[22]W .A .Wieselquist. One validation case of the CFD software fluent: Part of the development effort of a new reactor an analysis tool. in 10th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering (ICONS10),Apr14 -18 2002.2002,Arlington,VA ,United States: American Society of Mechanical Engineers
[23]D .R. Ho se,P. V. Lawford, A .J. Narracot, etal .Fluid-solid interaction: Benchmarking of an external coupling of ANSYS with CFX for cardiovascular applications. Journal of Medical Engineering and Technology,2003,27 (1):2 3-31
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