基于语义Web Services的企业异构系统应用集成研究与实现
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摘要
随着社会信息化程度的不断提高，企业各信息系统需要更多的通信和交互，各系统需要共享相关数据，共同合作来完成企业业务流程。而由于历史的及其他各方面的原因，企业信息系统大都是异构的，因此，如何提供一种有效机制，实现异构的企业信息系统的应用集成，消除企业信息孤岛，优化企业业务流程，就成为信息化进程中一个亟待解决的问题。
企业应用集成(EAI)技术的研究已经引起了学术界和工业界的极大关注，目前也出现了多种解决方案致力于解决企业集成中出现的各种问题。特别是Web Service技术的出现，为解决异构系统的集成提供了一种非常好的思路和技术基础。但是，总体来说，这些传统的EAI解决方案还是以分布式组件和消息代理技术为其主要技术支撑，主要关注和强调的是应用系统问的通信交互和信息共享。然而，随着企业全球化趋势的发展和网络技术所带动的企业运营模式的变化，企业也对EAI技术提出了一些新的挑战，对集成过程中业务过程的体现提出了新的要求。本文的主要目标即是在这些新的挑战下，对面向业务的基于语义的应用集成模型和方法进行初步的研究和探讨。
企业应用集成包含两个方面的含义：一是企业信息资源的共享，二是企业业务流程的整合。这一切要求在实现企业信息系统的基本互联互通的基础上，还要进行更多的语义层次上的交互，实现企业业务流程在系统问的灵活配置、动态生成和协同执行。企业经营模式的变化为企业信息系统的集成提出了许多新的需求，这些需求包括：EAI必须采用更加开放、分布和松散的结构，必须保证集成对象具有足够的自主性和独立性，所有的系统异构特性所带来的集成困难必须由集成平台来解决，而不是将其留给企业信息系统；相互集成的系统之间需要建立有效的通信机制，即保证系统之间的传递的业务信息是互相可理解的，这就要求EAI的基础设施中必须存在一定的语义支撑机制，可以自动地解决各异构系统之间的语义一致性问题；业务协同和业务流程的集成应该具有高度的动态性，服务的发现和匹配可以根据请求的业务语义动态匹配，具体的业务流程也可以通过这种服务匹配动态生成，从而保证应用集成充分的灵活性。
基于以上的应用背景和需求，本文对多种相关技术进行了深入的研究，认
Following with the improvement of social informationization, there are more communications and interactions needed among enterprise information systems. They should share data and cooperate with each other to complete business affairs. But for the historical and other reasons, enterprise information systems are mostly heterogeneous. So it is an essential problem to provide an efficient integration mechanism to realize application integration of heterogeneous systems, avoid enterprise "information islands" and optimize enterprise business processes.
Researches on Enterprise Application Integration (EAI) technologies have attracted much focus from both academic and industrial fields. There are some approaches introduced to deal with some certain problems of enterprise integration. Especially Web Service technology provides a very good idea and basis for integration of heterogeneous systems. But, in the whole, these traditional approaches mostly adopt distributed component and message broking as their main supporting technologies. They mainly focus their attention and emphasize the communication, interaction and data sharing between application systems. However, following the development of global informationization and changing of business operation mode driven by network technologies, there are some new challenges to EAI offered by industries. These new challenges are mostly focused on management of business processes in integration. The main goal of this dissertation is to research and discuss models and methods of business-oriented and semantic-based application integration under these new challenges.
EAI means two things: one is sharing of enterprise information and resources and the other is integration of enterprise business processes. It demands more semantic level integration besides basic communication of enterprise information systems. Enterprise business processes need to be flexibly configured, dynamically generated and cooperatively executed. Changing of enterprise operation model brings some new demands for integration of information systems, which include:
企业应用集成(EAI)技术的研究已经引起了学术界和工业界的极大关注，目前也出现了多种解决方案致力于解决企业集成中出现的各种问题。特别是Web Service技术的出现，为解决异构系统的集成提供了一种非常好的思路和技术基础。但是，总体来说，这些传统的EAI解决方案还是以分布式组件和消息代理技术为其主要技术支撑，主要关注和强调的是应用系统问的通信交互和信息共享。然而，随着企业全球化趋势的发展和网络技术所带动的企业运营模式的变化，企业也对EAI技术提出了一些新的挑战，对集成过程中业务过程的体现提出了新的要求。本文的主要目标即是在这些新的挑战下，对面向业务的基于语义的应用集成模型和方法进行初步的研究和探讨。
企业应用集成包含两个方面的含义：一是企业信息资源的共享，二是企业业务流程的整合。这一切要求在实现企业信息系统的基本互联互通的基础上，还要进行更多的语义层次上的交互，实现企业业务流程在系统问的灵活配置、动态生成和协同执行。企业经营模式的变化为企业信息系统的集成提出了许多新的需求，这些需求包括：EAI必须采用更加开放、分布和松散的结构，必须保证集成对象具有足够的自主性和独立性，所有的系统异构特性所带来的集成困难必须由集成平台来解决，而不是将其留给企业信息系统；相互集成的系统之间需要建立有效的通信机制，即保证系统之间的传递的业务信息是互相可理解的，这就要求EAI的基础设施中必须存在一定的语义支撑机制，可以自动地解决各异构系统之间的语义一致性问题；业务协同和业务流程的集成应该具有高度的动态性，服务的发现和匹配可以根据请求的业务语义动态匹配，具体的业务流程也可以通过这种服务匹配动态生成，从而保证应用集成充分的灵活性。
基于以上的应用背景和需求，本文对多种相关技术进行了深入的研究，认
Following with the improvement of social informationization, there are more communications and interactions needed among enterprise information systems. They should share data and cooperate with each other to complete business affairs. But for the historical and other reasons, enterprise information systems are mostly heterogeneous. So it is an essential problem to provide an efficient integration mechanism to realize application integration of heterogeneous systems, avoid enterprise "information islands" and optimize enterprise business processes.
Researches on Enterprise Application Integration (EAI) technologies have attracted much focus from both academic and industrial fields. There are some approaches introduced to deal with some certain problems of enterprise integration. Especially Web Service technology provides a very good idea and basis for integration of heterogeneous systems. But, in the whole, these traditional approaches mostly adopt distributed component and message broking as their main supporting technologies. They mainly focus their attention and emphasize the communication, interaction and data sharing between application systems. However, following the development of global informationization and changing of business operation mode driven by network technologies, there are some new challenges to EAI offered by industries. These new challenges are mostly focused on management of business processes in integration. The main goal of this dissertation is to research and discuss models and methods of business-oriented and semantic-based application integration under these new challenges.
EAI means two things: one is sharing of enterprise information and resources and the other is integration of enterprise business processes. It demands more semantic level integration besides basic communication of enterprise information systems. Enterprise business processes need to be flexibly configured, dynamically generated and cooperatively executed. Changing of enterprise operation model brings some new demands for integration of information systems, which include:
引文
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