基于TMS320F2812的电力参数测试仪的设计与实现
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摘要
随着科学技术和经济的快速发展,我国电力事业无论是发电总量还是电网的建设都得到了迅猛发展。电力系统的规模不断扩大,应用在电力线上的非线性负载也越来越多,这些负荷的用电特性(非线性、冲击性和不对称性)使电力系统中电压和电流的波形发生较严重的畸变,对电能质量产生严重影响。
电力参数监测作为电能质量监控的一个关键环节,在电力系统运行管理和技术监督中起着重要的作用,同时也是保证电力系统良好供电质量的必要手段。研发高精度的电力参数测试装置,使之能准确记录电力系统运行过程中的电能质量指标、监测电能质量污染源,从而为电网电能质量的治理和改善提供依据,对保证电力系统的安全、经济及稳定运行有重要的意义。
本装置应用了TMS320F2812数字信号处理器和高精度ADC,实现对三相电网3路电压、3路电流、功率等基本参数的实时测量,还具备谐波分析的功能。该装置采用交流采样技术采集电网实时电压、电流等数据,实现多种电力参数的在线测量;通过DSP芯片高性能处理能力实现数据处理,进行FFT算法等运算;并通过液晶屏显示三相电压有效值、三相电流有效值、功率、谐波等特征值和三相电压电流波形。同时本系统还有数据上传功能,可以实现分析结果的实时上传,便于数据的进一步分析、统计和存储,为电力部门的安全生产提供长期有效的依据。
实践表明,本装置具有很高的测量速度和测量精度,人机界面友好,易于操作,功能齐全,具有可扩展性,也可用于其它参数检测,具有很广阔的应用前景和实用价值。
With the progress of science and technology and fast developing economies, China's power industry has been developing rapidly whether the total powers generation or the power grid construction. Power system is constantly expanding in size, and more and more nonlinear loads are used in power line. Electric characteristics of those loads (non-linear, impact and asymmetric) cause a serious distortion of power system voltage and current waveforms, which is a serious impact to the power quality.
Electric parameter measurement is a key part for the controlling of power quality. It also play an important role in supervising and managing of power system, and at the same time it is a necessary means for providing better power quality. It is of great important to research and develop a powerful electric parameter measurement device, which can record indexes of power quality and can supervise polluting source during running in detail, then provide evidence for improving and renovating the power quality, and ensure the security, stabilization and economy of the power system.
The digital signal processor TMS320F2812 and 24-bit high precision ADC is used for this device. It can realize real time measurement to some basic parameter of three-phase voltage, three-phase current and power etc; meanwhile, it has the function of harmonic analysis. In this device, the technology of alternating current sampling is proposed to collect voltage and circuit of the electric grid real time. It can realize real time measurement of various electric parameters. The device can proess data according to the FFT algorithm and so on by high-performance DSP chip. It displays three-phrase voltage's effective values and three-phase current'seffective values, power, harmonic, three-phase voltage and current waveform by LCD. Meanwhile, the device has the function of transfer data; and it is convenient to the data's further analysis, statistics and memory. It can provide the long-term effective basis for the power system's safety in production.
The practice indicated that the device has very high measuring speed and accuracy, friendly interface, easy to operate, complete function and convenient extension, it can also used for other parameter examinations. So it has the very broad application prospect and the practical value.
电力参数监测作为电能质量监控的一个关键环节,在电力系统运行管理和技术监督中起着重要的作用,同时也是保证电力系统良好供电质量的必要手段。研发高精度的电力参数测试装置,使之能准确记录电力系统运行过程中的电能质量指标、监测电能质量污染源,从而为电网电能质量的治理和改善提供依据,对保证电力系统的安全、经济及稳定运行有重要的意义。
本装置应用了TMS320F2812数字信号处理器和高精度ADC,实现对三相电网3路电压、3路电流、功率等基本参数的实时测量,还具备谐波分析的功能。该装置采用交流采样技术采集电网实时电压、电流等数据,实现多种电力参数的在线测量;通过DSP芯片高性能处理能力实现数据处理,进行FFT算法等运算;并通过液晶屏显示三相电压有效值、三相电流有效值、功率、谐波等特征值和三相电压电流波形。同时本系统还有数据上传功能,可以实现分析结果的实时上传,便于数据的进一步分析、统计和存储,为电力部门的安全生产提供长期有效的依据。
实践表明,本装置具有很高的测量速度和测量精度,人机界面友好,易于操作,功能齐全,具有可扩展性,也可用于其它参数检测,具有很广阔的应用前景和实用价值。
With the progress of science and technology and fast developing economies, China's power industry has been developing rapidly whether the total powers generation or the power grid construction. Power system is constantly expanding in size, and more and more nonlinear loads are used in power line. Electric characteristics of those loads (non-linear, impact and asymmetric) cause a serious distortion of power system voltage and current waveforms, which is a serious impact to the power quality.
Electric parameter measurement is a key part for the controlling of power quality. It also play an important role in supervising and managing of power system, and at the same time it is a necessary means for providing better power quality. It is of great important to research and develop a powerful electric parameter measurement device, which can record indexes of power quality and can supervise polluting source during running in detail, then provide evidence for improving and renovating the power quality, and ensure the security, stabilization and economy of the power system.
The digital signal processor TMS320F2812 and 24-bit high precision ADC is used for this device. It can realize real time measurement to some basic parameter of three-phase voltage, three-phase current and power etc; meanwhile, it has the function of harmonic analysis. In this device, the technology of alternating current sampling is proposed to collect voltage and circuit of the electric grid real time. It can realize real time measurement of various electric parameters. The device can proess data according to the FFT algorithm and so on by high-performance DSP chip. It displays three-phrase voltage's effective values and three-phase current'seffective values, power, harmonic, three-phase voltage and current waveform by LCD. Meanwhile, the device has the function of transfer data; and it is convenient to the data's further analysis, statistics and memory. It can provide the long-term effective basis for the power system's safety in production.
The practice indicated that the device has very high measuring speed and accuracy, friendly interface, easy to operate, complete function and convenient extension, it can also used for other parameter examinations. So it has the very broad application prospect and the practical value.
引文
[1]林海雪.现代电能质量的基本问题[J],电网技术,2001(10):5-12.
[2]李杰珍,黎建华.电力谐波对电网安全的危害[J],四川电力技术,2006.10,44-49
[3]Daniel J Ward.Power quality and the security of electricity supply.Proceedings of the IEEE,2001,89(12):1830-1836
[4]A Lakshmikanth,Medhat M Morcos.A power quality monitoring system:a case study in DSP-based solutions for power electronics.IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement,2001,50(3):724-731
[5]Yun Sang-Yun,Han Byung-Duk,Kim Gi-Hyun et al.Mitigation Method of Voltage Sag in Radial Power Distribution Systems[C].The 1st Int Workshop on System Tech.For Unbundled Power Quality Services:42-47
[6]肖国春,刘进军等.电能质量及其控制技术的研究进展,电力电子技术,2000(6):58-60.
[7]国家标准《电能质量供电电压允许偏差》GB/T12352-1990.
[8]国家标准《电能质量电力系统频率允许偏差》GB/T15945-1995.
[9]国家标准《电能质量三相电压允许不平衡度》GB/T15543-1995.
[10]国家标准《电能质量公用电网谐波》GB/T 14543-1993.
[11]国家标准《电能质量电压允许波动和闪变》GB/T 12326-2000.
[12]国家标准《电能质量暂时过电压和瞬态过电压》GB/T18481-2001.
[13]胡铭,陈珩.电能质量及其分析方法综述[J],电网技术,2001,24(2):20-23,
[14]罗德凌,唐朝晖.电力系统谐波检测方法的研究现状及其发展,国外电子测量技术,2006(4):5-8.
[15]李峰.瞬时无功功率理论的初步探讨,华北电力技术,2005(2):13-16.
[16]刘敏,王克英.基于加窗双峰谱线插值的高精度FFT谐波分析,电测与仪表2005(12):20-23.
[17]袁曾任.人工神经元网络及其应用[M],北京:清华大学出版社,1999.
[18]张乃饶等.神经网络与模糊控制[M],北京:清华大学出版社,1998.
[19]吕润如等.电力系统高次谐波[M],北京:中国电力出版社,1998.
[20]李圣清,罗飞,张昌凡.基于ip及iq运算方式的改进型谐波电流检测方法[J],电气传 动,2003,33(2):48-50.
[21]任震等.小波分析及其在电力系统中的应用[J],电力系统自动化,1997,21(12):13-17.
[22]杨桦等.基于小波变换检测谐波的新方法[J],电力系统自动化,1996,21(10):39-41.
[23]金雄飞,乐秀播.电网谐波测量方法评述[[J],继电器,2003(8):11-14.
[24]李红,杨善水.傅立叶电力系统谐波检测方法综述[J],现代电力,2004(8):39-44.
[25]周厚奎、张显、金心宇.基于傅里叶和小波变换的电网谐波分析[J],电力系统及其自动化学报2005(12):59-62.99.
[26]张卫宁.TMS320C28x系列DSP的CPU与外设(上、下)[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2005.
[27]苏奎峰,吕强,耿庆锋.陈圣俭.TMS320F2812的原理与开发[M].北京:电子工业出版社.2005.
[28]张卫宁.TMS320C28x系列DSP的指令和编程指南[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2005.
[29]张红,王成梅.电力系统常用交流采样方法比较.华北电力技术,1999(04):25-27.
[30]杨存祥,丁守强,孔汉.基于DSP的电参数测量系统的应用研究[J],中国仪器仪表,2005,12:68-69.
[31]张菁.新型DSP电能监测装置的研制.仪表技术与传感器,2006(9):46-47,53
[32]张凤蕊,郭俊杰.基于DSP电力参数测试系统的研究.现代电子技术,2006(20):156-159.
[33]黄纯,何怡刚,江亚群.交流采样同步方法的分析与改进.中国电机工程学报,2002(22):38-42.
[34]周雪松,何彦民,马幼捷等.TMS320F2812在电力系统多通道同步交流采样中的应用.电子技术应用,2005(04):39-42.
[35]张辉宜,陶陶,周秀丽.基于嵌入式处理器的电力参数检测技术[J],电测与仪表,2006(08):64-67.
[36]刘建华,亢海伟等.基于时钟芯片PCF8583的DSP软硬件实现,仪表技术,2004(3):29-33.
[37]李海鸿,朱元清,陈蓓.实时时钟芯片PCF8563及其应用,国外电子测量技术,2002(5):29-31.
[38]王晓宇,吴庆洪,唐跃鹏.PCF8583的工作原理及在单片机接口中的实现,现代电子技术,2006(8):44-46.
[39]陈诚,宋曙春.基于T6963C控制器的液晶显示模块组成原理[J],信息工程大学学报, 2003(9):26-29.
[40]张琼,董克俭,贺洪江.基于单片机的液晶显示汉字方法的研究,福建电脑,2006(6):168-172.
[41]李维,郭强.液晶显示器件应用技术[M1],北京:北京邮电出版社,1993.
[42]张蓬鹤,米德伟.图形点阵式液晶显示器MSP-G320240在高速处理器DSP中的应用[J],国外电子元器件,2004(2):31-33.
[43]TMS320F28x Serial Communication Interface(SCI)Peripheral Reference Guide,Texas Instruments Incorporated,2003.6.
[44]刘楷锋,戴玉松等.TMS320F2812的原理及其在串行通信中的简单应用[J],四川工业学院学报,2004(23):75-77.
[45]TMS320F28x External Interface(XINTF)Peripheral Reference Guide,Texas Instruments Incorporated,2003.7.
[46]TMS320x281x Multi-channel Buffered Serial Port(McBSP)Reference Guide(Rev.B).Texas Instrument,05 Nov 2004.
[2]李杰珍,黎建华.电力谐波对电网安全的危害[J],四川电力技术,2006.10,44-49
[3]Daniel J Ward.Power quality and the security of electricity supply.Proceedings of the IEEE,2001,89(12):1830-1836
[4]A Lakshmikanth,Medhat M Morcos.A power quality monitoring system:a case study in DSP-based solutions for power electronics.IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement,2001,50(3):724-731
[5]Yun Sang-Yun,Han Byung-Duk,Kim Gi-Hyun et al.Mitigation Method of Voltage Sag in Radial Power Distribution Systems[C].The 1st Int Workshop on System Tech.For Unbundled Power Quality Services:42-47
[6]肖国春,刘进军等.电能质量及其控制技术的研究进展,电力电子技术,2000(6):58-60.
[7]国家标准《电能质量供电电压允许偏差》GB/T12352-1990.
[8]国家标准《电能质量电力系统频率允许偏差》GB/T15945-1995.
[9]国家标准《电能质量三相电压允许不平衡度》GB/T15543-1995.
[10]国家标准《电能质量公用电网谐波》GB/T 14543-1993.
[11]国家标准《电能质量电压允许波动和闪变》GB/T 12326-2000.
[12]国家标准《电能质量暂时过电压和瞬态过电压》GB/T18481-2001.
[13]胡铭,陈珩.电能质量及其分析方法综述[J],电网技术,2001,24(2):20-23,
[14]罗德凌,唐朝晖.电力系统谐波检测方法的研究现状及其发展,国外电子测量技术,2006(4):5-8.
[15]李峰.瞬时无功功率理论的初步探讨,华北电力技术,2005(2):13-16.
[16]刘敏,王克英.基于加窗双峰谱线插值的高精度FFT谐波分析,电测与仪表2005(12):20-23.
[17]袁曾任.人工神经元网络及其应用[M],北京:清华大学出版社,1999.
[18]张乃饶等.神经网络与模糊控制[M],北京:清华大学出版社,1998.
[19]吕润如等.电力系统高次谐波[M],北京:中国电力出版社,1998.
[20]李圣清,罗飞,张昌凡.基于ip及iq运算方式的改进型谐波电流检测方法[J],电气传 动,2003,33(2):48-50.
[21]任震等.小波分析及其在电力系统中的应用[J],电力系统自动化,1997,21(12):13-17.
[22]杨桦等.基于小波变换检测谐波的新方法[J],电力系统自动化,1996,21(10):39-41.
[23]金雄飞,乐秀播.电网谐波测量方法评述[[J],继电器,2003(8):11-14.
[24]李红,杨善水.傅立叶电力系统谐波检测方法综述[J],现代电力,2004(8):39-44.
[25]周厚奎、张显、金心宇.基于傅里叶和小波变换的电网谐波分析[J],电力系统及其自动化学报2005(12):59-62.99.
[26]张卫宁.TMS320C28x系列DSP的CPU与外设(上、下)[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2005.
[27]苏奎峰,吕强,耿庆锋.陈圣俭.TMS320F2812的原理与开发[M].北京:电子工业出版社.2005.
[28]张卫宁.TMS320C28x系列DSP的指令和编程指南[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2005.
[29]张红,王成梅.电力系统常用交流采样方法比较.华北电力技术,1999(04):25-27.
[30]杨存祥,丁守强,孔汉.基于DSP的电参数测量系统的应用研究[J],中国仪器仪表,2005,12:68-69.
[31]张菁.新型DSP电能监测装置的研制.仪表技术与传感器,2006(9):46-47,53
[32]张凤蕊,郭俊杰.基于DSP电力参数测试系统的研究.现代电子技术,2006(20):156-159.
[33]黄纯,何怡刚,江亚群.交流采样同步方法的分析与改进.中国电机工程学报,2002(22):38-42.
[34]周雪松,何彦民,马幼捷等.TMS320F2812在电力系统多通道同步交流采样中的应用.电子技术应用,2005(04):39-42.
[35]张辉宜,陶陶,周秀丽.基于嵌入式处理器的电力参数检测技术[J],电测与仪表,2006(08):64-67.
[36]刘建华,亢海伟等.基于时钟芯片PCF8583的DSP软硬件实现,仪表技术,2004(3):29-33.
[37]李海鸿,朱元清,陈蓓.实时时钟芯片PCF8563及其应用,国外电子测量技术,2002(5):29-31.
[38]王晓宇,吴庆洪,唐跃鹏.PCF8583的工作原理及在单片机接口中的实现,现代电子技术,2006(8):44-46.
[39]陈诚,宋曙春.基于T6963C控制器的液晶显示模块组成原理[J],信息工程大学学报, 2003(9):26-29.
[40]张琼,董克俭,贺洪江.基于单片机的液晶显示汉字方法的研究,福建电脑,2006(6):168-172.
[41]李维,郭强.液晶显示器件应用技术[M1],北京:北京邮电出版社,1993.
[42]张蓬鹤,米德伟.图形点阵式液晶显示器MSP-G320240在高速处理器DSP中的应用[J],国外电子元器件,2004(2):31-33.
[43]TMS320F28x Serial Communication Interface(SCI)Peripheral Reference Guide,Texas Instruments Incorporated,2003.6.
[44]刘楷锋,戴玉松等.TMS320F2812的原理及其在串行通信中的简单应用[J],四川工业学院学报,2004(23):75-77.
[45]TMS320F28x External Interface(XINTF)Peripheral Reference Guide,Texas Instruments Incorporated,2003.7.
[46]TMS320x281x Multi-channel Buffered Serial Port(McBSP)Reference Guide(Rev.B).Texas Instrument,05 Nov 2004.