现场总线在吹脱法脱氨自动控制系统中的应用及其智能控制研究
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摘要
化工企业生产废水是高浓度的氨氮废水,必须经过脱氨预处理后才能采用传统的污水处理方法进一步处理。预处理常采用吹脱法处理高浓度氨氮废水。吹脱法中吹脱塔底污水温度和pH值是影响脱氨效率的主要因素,因此控制系统对吹脱塔底污水温度和pH值的控制效果是整个处理工艺的核心。
根据杜邦(常熟)氟化物科技有限公司污水脱氨预处理系统的实际情况,本文采用西门子S7-300系列PLC设计了以PROFIBUS现场总线为基础的集散控制系统,并对控制系统的网络结构、硬件、软件的设计进行了详细的描述。控制系统采用WINCC作为操作平台,对整个系统的温度、液位、流量、pH值、风量、氨氮含量、COD等30个工艺参数以及水泵、计量泵、阀门等进行监控,还根据工艺要求对液位、温度、pH值等进行了闭环控制。
在详细的介绍了模糊控制的原理和基本运算方法的基础上,论文分析了目前常用的几种模糊控制器的基本结构。为了提高吹脱塔底污水温度的控制效果和减少运行成本,控制系统中设计了吹脱塔底污水温度的模糊控制器。模糊控制器采用离散论域二维模糊控制器结构。模糊控制器以偏差和偏差变化率为输入语言变量,以阀门开度的增量为输出语言变量。在总结专家控制经验的基础上,论文总结了模糊控制器的控制规则,并利用MATLAB计算出控制查询表。
由实验得到了吹脱塔底污水温度的阶跃响应曲线,从而计算出吹脱塔底污水温度变化的传递函数。为了实现吹脱塔底污水温度的最优控制,本文采用西门子PLC的系统功能块SFB41编写了PID控制程序;采用存储区间接寻址的方式实现了模糊控制器的查表程序,并分别对PID控制和模糊控制进行了实验研究。在实验的基础上,比较了PID控制和模糊控制对吹脱塔底污水温度的控制效果。根据工艺对吹脱塔底污水温度的控制要求,本文采用模糊控制实现了吹脱塔底污水温度的闭环控制。
Production wastewater in chemical enterprise is wastewater with high ammonia nitrogen concentration, which don't utilize the traditional sewage treatment methods to further process until passing through the remove ammonia pretreatment. The stripping process is often used to process wastewater with high ammonia nitrogen concentration. Because in stripping process, sewage temperature and pH in stripping towers are primary influential factors on stripping efficiency, control effect of the control system adjusting sewage temperature and pH is the core in the control system.
According to the remove ammonia pretreatment system of Dupont Changshu Fluoro Technology Limited Company, this paper designs the distributed control system with Simens S7-300 PLC basing on the PROFIBUS fieldbus, and depicts the control system's network, hardware and software in detail. The control system adopts WINCC as the operation platform to watch and control 30 process parameters, which includes temperature, water level, flux, pH, wind content, ammonia nitrogen content, COD etc and water pump, metering pump, valve etc. And according to process requirement the system realize the closed-loop control on water level, temperature, pH and so on.
This paper detailedly introduces the fuzzy control principle, fundamental operation methods and analyze several kinds of fuzzy controller's basic framework that used commonly at present. In order to enhance control effect about sewage temperature at the bottom of the stripping towers and reduce the run cost, this paper designs the fuzzy controller of the sewage temperature at the bottom of the stripping towers. The framework of the fuzzy controller adopt the discrete domain of two-dimensional fuzzy controller which take error and error change rate as input language variable and take valve opening increase as output language variable. Based on summarizing the expert's control experience, this paper designs the fuzzy controller's control rule and calculated the control lookup table with MATLAB.
On the basis of experiments this paper obtains the step response curve of sewage temperature at the bottom of stripping towers, according to which this paper obtains the transfer function of sewage temperature at the bottom of the stripping towers. In order to realize the optimal control effect of sewage temperature at the bottom of the stripping towers, this paper compiles the PID procedures utilizing the Siemens PLC function block SFB41 and the lookup procedures of the fuzzy controller utilizing storage area indirect addressing mean. this paper carry out an experiment with the PID and fuzzy control. On the basis of the experiment this paper compare the PID control effect with fuzzy control effect of sewage temperature at the bottom of the stripping towers. According to sewage temperature demanded by process at the bottom of the stripping towers, this paper realizes the closed-loop control to sewage temperature at the bottom of the stripping towers.
根据杜邦(常熟)氟化物科技有限公司污水脱氨预处理系统的实际情况,本文采用西门子S7-300系列PLC设计了以PROFIBUS现场总线为基础的集散控制系统,并对控制系统的网络结构、硬件、软件的设计进行了详细的描述。控制系统采用WINCC作为操作平台,对整个系统的温度、液位、流量、pH值、风量、氨氮含量、COD等30个工艺参数以及水泵、计量泵、阀门等进行监控,还根据工艺要求对液位、温度、pH值等进行了闭环控制。
在详细的介绍了模糊控制的原理和基本运算方法的基础上,论文分析了目前常用的几种模糊控制器的基本结构。为了提高吹脱塔底污水温度的控制效果和减少运行成本,控制系统中设计了吹脱塔底污水温度的模糊控制器。模糊控制器采用离散论域二维模糊控制器结构。模糊控制器以偏差和偏差变化率为输入语言变量,以阀门开度的增量为输出语言变量。在总结专家控制经验的基础上,论文总结了模糊控制器的控制规则,并利用MATLAB计算出控制查询表。
由实验得到了吹脱塔底污水温度的阶跃响应曲线,从而计算出吹脱塔底污水温度变化的传递函数。为了实现吹脱塔底污水温度的最优控制,本文采用西门子PLC的系统功能块SFB41编写了PID控制程序;采用存储区间接寻址的方式实现了模糊控制器的查表程序,并分别对PID控制和模糊控制进行了实验研究。在实验的基础上,比较了PID控制和模糊控制对吹脱塔底污水温度的控制效果。根据工艺对吹脱塔底污水温度的控制要求,本文采用模糊控制实现了吹脱塔底污水温度的闭环控制。
Production wastewater in chemical enterprise is wastewater with high ammonia nitrogen concentration, which don't utilize the traditional sewage treatment methods to further process until passing through the remove ammonia pretreatment. The stripping process is often used to process wastewater with high ammonia nitrogen concentration. Because in stripping process, sewage temperature and pH in stripping towers are primary influential factors on stripping efficiency, control effect of the control system adjusting sewage temperature and pH is the core in the control system.
According to the remove ammonia pretreatment system of Dupont Changshu Fluoro Technology Limited Company, this paper designs the distributed control system with Simens S7-300 PLC basing on the PROFIBUS fieldbus, and depicts the control system's network, hardware and software in detail. The control system adopts WINCC as the operation platform to watch and control 30 process parameters, which includes temperature, water level, flux, pH, wind content, ammonia nitrogen content, COD etc and water pump, metering pump, valve etc. And according to process requirement the system realize the closed-loop control on water level, temperature, pH and so on.
This paper detailedly introduces the fuzzy control principle, fundamental operation methods and analyze several kinds of fuzzy controller's basic framework that used commonly at present. In order to enhance control effect about sewage temperature at the bottom of the stripping towers and reduce the run cost, this paper designs the fuzzy controller of the sewage temperature at the bottom of the stripping towers. The framework of the fuzzy controller adopt the discrete domain of two-dimensional fuzzy controller which take error and error change rate as input language variable and take valve opening increase as output language variable. Based on summarizing the expert's control experience, this paper designs the fuzzy controller's control rule and calculated the control lookup table with MATLAB.
On the basis of experiments this paper obtains the step response curve of sewage temperature at the bottom of stripping towers, according to which this paper obtains the transfer function of sewage temperature at the bottom of the stripping towers. In order to realize the optimal control effect of sewage temperature at the bottom of the stripping towers, this paper compiles the PID procedures utilizing the Siemens PLC function block SFB41 and the lookup procedures of the fuzzy controller utilizing storage area indirect addressing mean. this paper carry out an experiment with the PID and fuzzy control. On the basis of the experiment this paper compare the PID control effect with fuzzy control effect of sewage temperature at the bottom of the stripping towers. According to sewage temperature demanded by process at the bottom of the stripping towers, this paper realizes the closed-loop control to sewage temperature at the bottom of the stripping towers.
引文
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