末修子弹若干关键动力学问题研究
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摘要
为了提高我国弹道导弹的远程攻击线目标的能力,迫切需要研发以弹道导弹为应用平台的有控子母战斗部技术。本文重点研究了末修子弹研制设计之中亟待解决的关键动力学问题。论文的数值仿真结果与试验数据较吻合,证明了本文方法的正确性和有效性。
在系统研究脉冲修正子弹工作原理的基础上,设计了末修子弹的总体方案。首先研究了子弹的总体结构、基本组成、末修控制方法和子弹工作过程等;然后以某导弹为运载平台,分析设计了末修子弹的主要弹道参数;最后采用Monte-Carlo法研究了两种典型方案的命中概率,其结论为总体方案论证提供了有力支撑。
降落伞—子弹系统具有复杂的空气动力学特性,系统下落速度与子弹转速的变化对子弹命中精度影响很大。在准定常假设下,忽略降落伞、伞绳和子弹流场之间的相互影响,综合应用伞—弹系统动力学和计算流体动力学对伞—弹系统进行数值模拟。子弹落速和转速的数值仿真曲线与空投试验结果吻合较好。该方法具有一定通用性,可应用于伞—弹系统设计分析和指导伞—弹系统投放试验。
为了利用子弹运动学消除由子弹晃动所造成的目标识别中的偏差,首先建立了末修子弹系统在扫描阶段的十二自由度动力学模型,利用扰动方法研究了参考运动状态的运动稳定性,给出了运动稳定性条件,分析了关键几何参数对系统运动稳定性的影响;然后建立了稳定下落状态下伞—弹系统九自由度动力学模型,推导了阵风扰动作用下的线性化系统近似动力学方程,提出了融合伞—弹系统动力学的图像目标识别算法;最后,利用空投试验验证了该算法的正确性和有效性。
针对外场高空飞艇投放系留试验,建立了基于Kane法的飞艇—绳索—子弹系统的开链式多刚体动力学模型,提出了一种开链式多刚体系统的CFA快速仿真算法。仿真分析了系留子弹的动力学特征。
本篇论文的研究成果不仅已成功应用于某新型末修子弹的研制设计之中,并且还可指导其它类似型号的研制设计工作。
In order to improve ballistic missile ability of long-range attacking linear targets, it is urgent to develop the controlled warhead taken by ballistic missile. Some key dynamics problems, which are important in the design and analysis of the terminal correction submunition (TCS), are studied in this thesis. Simulation results are comparative with flight test data, which confirms the correctness and availability of the method.
On the basis of the working theory of impulse correction submunition, general system design of TCS is introduced in detail. The structure configuration, the terminal control method and the working process of TCS are designed. An analysis of main ballistic parameters of TCS, which is taken by ballistic missile, are proposed. The firing effectiveness of TCS is calculated by the method of Monte-Carlo, which can provide the foundation for the general design of TCS.
The dynamic characteristic of parachute-bomb system is extremely complex. The velocity and spinning speed of the parachute-bomb system have impact on the precision of submunition. Under the hypothesis of quasi-steady state, the dynamic principles and the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) are colligated to analyze and simulate the parachute-bomb system when there is no interaction of the parachute canopy, the suspension lines and the spinning bomb. The velocity and spinning speed of the parachute-bomb system are attained. The simulation results are consistent with the airdrop test data, which demonstrates the accuracy of the numerical simulation model. This method can be used in the design of the parachute-bomb system, as well as the airdrop experiment of parachute-bomb systems.
With the purpose of reducing the deviation of object identification owing to the sloshing movement of submunition, the twelve-degree freedom dynamic model of the parachute system is developed for the analysis of bomb scanning state. The condition of stability is put forward, and the influences of some key parameters are also analyzed. Aiming at removing the influence of wind gust, the nine-degree freedom dynamic model of the parachute system is developed firstly, then five-degree freedom dynamic model by linearization about the steady state is proposed. Using the principles of dynamics of parachute systems, a new method is brought forward which could be used in target identification. Successful airdrop test demonstrates the rightness and feasibility of this method which can be used in the guidance of smart submunition systems.
Using Kane's method, a dynamical model of numerical simulation is built, which can solve the problem of airdrop tether test system. A constraint force algorithm (CFA) is constructed for the simulation of a kind of open chain multi-rigid-body system. Numerical results validate the experimentation of airdrop in Airship-towed system. And CFA can also be applied to solve the problem of tether dynamics in other fields.
Results of this dissertation not only have been successfully applied in the design of a new submunition, but also can provide analysis and demonstrating methods for other similitude system design.
在系统研究脉冲修正子弹工作原理的基础上,设计了末修子弹的总体方案。首先研究了子弹的总体结构、基本组成、末修控制方法和子弹工作过程等;然后以某导弹为运载平台,分析设计了末修子弹的主要弹道参数;最后采用Monte-Carlo法研究了两种典型方案的命中概率,其结论为总体方案论证提供了有力支撑。
降落伞—子弹系统具有复杂的空气动力学特性,系统下落速度与子弹转速的变化对子弹命中精度影响很大。在准定常假设下,忽略降落伞、伞绳和子弹流场之间的相互影响,综合应用伞—弹系统动力学和计算流体动力学对伞—弹系统进行数值模拟。子弹落速和转速的数值仿真曲线与空投试验结果吻合较好。该方法具有一定通用性,可应用于伞—弹系统设计分析和指导伞—弹系统投放试验。
为了利用子弹运动学消除由子弹晃动所造成的目标识别中的偏差,首先建立了末修子弹系统在扫描阶段的十二自由度动力学模型,利用扰动方法研究了参考运动状态的运动稳定性,给出了运动稳定性条件,分析了关键几何参数对系统运动稳定性的影响;然后建立了稳定下落状态下伞—弹系统九自由度动力学模型,推导了阵风扰动作用下的线性化系统近似动力学方程,提出了融合伞—弹系统动力学的图像目标识别算法;最后,利用空投试验验证了该算法的正确性和有效性。
针对外场高空飞艇投放系留试验,建立了基于Kane法的飞艇—绳索—子弹系统的开链式多刚体动力学模型,提出了一种开链式多刚体系统的CFA快速仿真算法。仿真分析了系留子弹的动力学特征。
本篇论文的研究成果不仅已成功应用于某新型末修子弹的研制设计之中,并且还可指导其它类似型号的研制设计工作。
In order to improve ballistic missile ability of long-range attacking linear targets, it is urgent to develop the controlled warhead taken by ballistic missile. Some key dynamics problems, which are important in the design and analysis of the terminal correction submunition (TCS), are studied in this thesis. Simulation results are comparative with flight test data, which confirms the correctness and availability of the method.
On the basis of the working theory of impulse correction submunition, general system design of TCS is introduced in detail. The structure configuration, the terminal control method and the working process of TCS are designed. An analysis of main ballistic parameters of TCS, which is taken by ballistic missile, are proposed. The firing effectiveness of TCS is calculated by the method of Monte-Carlo, which can provide the foundation for the general design of TCS.
The dynamic characteristic of parachute-bomb system is extremely complex. The velocity and spinning speed of the parachute-bomb system have impact on the precision of submunition. Under the hypothesis of quasi-steady state, the dynamic principles and the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) are colligated to analyze and simulate the parachute-bomb system when there is no interaction of the parachute canopy, the suspension lines and the spinning bomb. The velocity and spinning speed of the parachute-bomb system are attained. The simulation results are consistent with the airdrop test data, which demonstrates the accuracy of the numerical simulation model. This method can be used in the design of the parachute-bomb system, as well as the airdrop experiment of parachute-bomb systems.
With the purpose of reducing the deviation of object identification owing to the sloshing movement of submunition, the twelve-degree freedom dynamic model of the parachute system is developed for the analysis of bomb scanning state. The condition of stability is put forward, and the influences of some key parameters are also analyzed. Aiming at removing the influence of wind gust, the nine-degree freedom dynamic model of the parachute system is developed firstly, then five-degree freedom dynamic model by linearization about the steady state is proposed. Using the principles of dynamics of parachute systems, a new method is brought forward which could be used in target identification. Successful airdrop test demonstrates the rightness and feasibility of this method which can be used in the guidance of smart submunition systems.
Using Kane's method, a dynamical model of numerical simulation is built, which can solve the problem of airdrop tether test system. A constraint force algorithm (CFA) is constructed for the simulation of a kind of open chain multi-rigid-body system. Numerical results validate the experimentation of airdrop in Airship-towed system. And CFA can also be applied to solve the problem of tether dynamics in other fields.
Results of this dissertation not only have been successfully applied in the design of a new submunition, but also can provide analysis and demonstrating methods for other similitude system design.
引文
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