基于ZigBee技术的机场机房环境数据采集系统
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摘要
随着监控系统应用要求的不断提高,功能不断增多,所需的监测环境的传感器也越来越多。使用有线传感器网络组成的监测系统布线量大、安装和维护费用高、可靠性差,并且在一些建筑物中的某些地方无法布线,已经不能满足需要。而无线传感器监测网络系统具有部署方便、灵活性高、维护成本低等特点,相对于有线传感器网络,在楼宇内的环境监测方面具有更好的应用前景,正逐步走向实用。
本论文完成了ZigBee无线数据采集系统的方案设计、硬件和软件设计与实现,并将此系统应用于机场机房环境监控。整个系统由网络协调器,路由器和传感器节点构成,采用2.4GHz频段射频芯片实现无线链路的通信。在硬件设计方面,以TI公司的单芯片CC2530和低功耗功放CC2591芯片为无线通信控制模块的核心,温度传感器TC77及湿度传感器HS1101为主要外围接口器件,搭建了无线数据采集系统的硬件平台。在软件设计方面,深入研究ZigBee协议各个通信协议层的结构与功能的基础上,移植和修改精简协议栈代码,编写无线数据采集系统的应用程序和相关驱动程序,实现了小型ZigBee星型网和簇型网。并在此基础上,对网络功能的扩展,完成了协调器按键对终端设备数据收发的控制功能。
另外,在PC机上实现了网络管理软件,该软件采用VC++6.0软件开发平台,MSComm串行通讯控件进行串口数据发送与接收,Access2003数据库进行数据的管理,实现了对采集的机房环境参数值进行实时显示、储存以及监测网络的运行状况。监控界面上输入控制指令可以实现对网络中终端设备数据收发控制。
该系统具有良好的人机交互界面,良好的扩展性和可移植性。较之传统的数据采集方法不仅可以减轻劳动强度、提高检测精度,而且具有智能化、低成本、低功耗的特点,同时根据实际需要传感器的扩充以实现更多的功能。
With the development of intelligent monitoring systems, its increasing functions require more and more sensors for environmental monitoring. Monitoring system building with wired sensor network has a large quantity of wiring,a high cost, and a poor reliability, and even in some place wiring is infeasible and can not meet the practical needs. Compared to wired sensor networks, the wireless sensor monitoring network system has easy installation, high flexibility, and low costs.It has a better prospect in intelligent building envionmental monitoring.
This paper is completed the design of wireless data acquisition system based on ZigBee, hardware and software design. The system has network coordinator, routers and sensor nodes, the uses of 2.4GHz RF chips for wireless communications. The hardware platform of wireless data acquisition system used TI company's CC2530 chip and low power amplifier CC2591 chip for wireless communication as control module, the temperature sensor TC77 and light sensor as the main periphery connection device. Deep research the structure and function of ZigBee each layer.The simplify ZigBee protocol stack is modified and planted, and the appliacations and related drivers are grammed. Moreover, it designed and realizes a mini start network and cluster-tree network. According to the node’s different work modes, proposed a software design for low-power
node, did the actual low power test. The system’s coordinator can communicate with the monitoring center of PC through RS232 serial port. This paper designs and implements a database management system for the sensor data acquired at the service end. The database management system uses the VC++6.0 software platform, MSComm serial communication control for serial data transmission and reception, Access2003 database data management, realize the acquisition of the environmental parameters for real-time display, storage and monitoring network situation. Meanwhile, monitor screen inputing control instructions can control the sensor node to send and recevice datas.
The experimental results show that the formation of the system with good stability is convenient. Compared with traditional data acquisition methods, the system of wirless data acquisition can not only have features intelligence, low cost, low power dissipation characteristics, at the same time for other extensions of ZigBee has reference value.
本论文完成了ZigBee无线数据采集系统的方案设计、硬件和软件设计与实现,并将此系统应用于机场机房环境监控。整个系统由网络协调器,路由器和传感器节点构成,采用2.4GHz频段射频芯片实现无线链路的通信。在硬件设计方面,以TI公司的单芯片CC2530和低功耗功放CC2591芯片为无线通信控制模块的核心,温度传感器TC77及湿度传感器HS1101为主要外围接口器件,搭建了无线数据采集系统的硬件平台。在软件设计方面,深入研究ZigBee协议各个通信协议层的结构与功能的基础上,移植和修改精简协议栈代码,编写无线数据采集系统的应用程序和相关驱动程序,实现了小型ZigBee星型网和簇型网。并在此基础上,对网络功能的扩展,完成了协调器按键对终端设备数据收发的控制功能。
另外,在PC机上实现了网络管理软件,该软件采用VC++6.0软件开发平台,MSComm串行通讯控件进行串口数据发送与接收,Access2003数据库进行数据的管理,实现了对采集的机房环境参数值进行实时显示、储存以及监测网络的运行状况。监控界面上输入控制指令可以实现对网络中终端设备数据收发控制。
该系统具有良好的人机交互界面,良好的扩展性和可移植性。较之传统的数据采集方法不仅可以减轻劳动强度、提高检测精度,而且具有智能化、低成本、低功耗的特点,同时根据实际需要传感器的扩充以实现更多的功能。
With the development of intelligent monitoring systems, its increasing functions require more and more sensors for environmental monitoring. Monitoring system building with wired sensor network has a large quantity of wiring,a high cost, and a poor reliability, and even in some place wiring is infeasible and can not meet the practical needs. Compared to wired sensor networks, the wireless sensor monitoring network system has easy installation, high flexibility, and low costs.It has a better prospect in intelligent building envionmental monitoring.
This paper is completed the design of wireless data acquisition system based on ZigBee, hardware and software design. The system has network coordinator, routers and sensor nodes, the uses of 2.4GHz RF chips for wireless communications. The hardware platform of wireless data acquisition system used TI company's CC2530 chip and low power amplifier CC2591 chip for wireless communication as control module, the temperature sensor TC77 and light sensor as the main periphery connection device. Deep research the structure and function of ZigBee each layer.The simplify ZigBee protocol stack is modified and planted, and the appliacations and related drivers are grammed. Moreover, it designed and realizes a mini start network and cluster-tree network. According to the node’s different work modes, proposed a software design for low-power
node, did the actual low power test. The system’s coordinator can communicate with the monitoring center of PC through RS232 serial port. This paper designs and implements a database management system for the sensor data acquired at the service end. The database management system uses the VC++6.0 software platform, MSComm serial communication control for serial data transmission and reception, Access2003 database data management, realize the acquisition of the environmental parameters for real-time display, storage and monitoring network situation. Meanwhile, monitor screen inputing control instructions can control the sensor node to send and recevice datas.
The experimental results show that the formation of the system with good stability is convenient. Compared with traditional data acquisition methods, the system of wirless data acquisition can not only have features intelligence, low cost, low power dissipation characteristics, at the same time for other extensions of ZigBee has reference value.
引文
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[7]马菁菁. ZigBee无线通信技术在智能家居中的应用研究[D].武汉:武汉理工大学, 2007,34-42.
[8]于暄.基于GPRS和ZigBee技术的智能家居解决方案的研究[D].贵州:贵州大学, 2007, 56-78.
[9]王东.无线传感器网络系统设计与应用[D].重庆:重庆大学, 2006, 27-38.
[10] vanessa W.S.Tang,Yuan Zheng, Jiannong Cao. An Intelligent Car Park Management System based on Wireless Sensor Networks[J]. International Symposium on Pervasive Computing and Applications, 2006, 12 (1),65-70.
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[14] Peng R.Sichitiu,M L.Robust.Probabilistic constraint-based localization for wireless sensor networks[J].Second Annual IEEE Communications Society Conference on sensor and Ad Hoc Communications and Networks, 2005,5(3),356-367.
[15] Liang Yuan , Weidong Chen, Yugeng Xi. A Review of Control and Localization for Mobile Sensor Networks[J].Proceedings of the 6th World Congress on Intelligent Control and Automation, 2006, 24(7), 64-68.
[16] Chih-Yu Lin, Wen-Chih Peng, Yu-Chee Tseng. Efficient In-Network Moving Object Tracking in Wireless Sensor Networks[J].IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing, 2006,5(8),1044-1056.
[17]刘凯凯,刘涛,戎蒙恬,李鑫.基于ZigBee的无线传感器网络中时间同步的算法[J].信息技术,2010, 34(1),11-14.
[18]徐小涛,孙少兰,熊华,田铖. ZigBee无线传感器网络的路由机制[J].数据通信, 2009, 16(3),19-22
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[20] Wen Hu, Nirupama Bulusu, et a1. Ahybrid sensor network for cane-toad monitoring [J]. Proceedings of the 3rd international“conference on Embedded networked sensor systems, 2005,27(3), 305-309.
[21] Xiaodong Wang, Xiaoguang Zhao, Zize Liang, Min Tan. Deploying a Wireless Sensor Network on the Coal Mines [J]. Proceedings of the 2007 IEEE International Conference on Networking, Sensing and Control, 2007,12(2), 324-328.
[22]王韬,苏勤亮,唐松,唐浦钊.自然保护区生态多样性监测系统研究[J].计算机应用,2007, 27(6),400-405.
[23] F. J. Pierce, T.V.Elliott. Regional and on-farm wireless sensor networks for agricultural systems in Eastern Washington[J]. Computers and electronics in agriculture ,2008,61(4), 32-43.
[24]李蛟.基于ZigBee技术的红外探测无线防盗报警系统研究[D].成都:电子科技大学, 2006.
[25]胡波.足球机器人系统中无线通讯网络和主板系统设计[D].西安:西北工业大学, 2006.
[26] Helicomm. ZigBee电力抄表系统[EB/OL].www.helicomm.com.cn,2008.
[27]罗双发.基于ZigBee技术的无线传感器网络的应用研究[D].广州:华南农业大学.2007.
[28]徐勇军,刘峰,王春芳,姜鹏.低速无线个域网实验教程[M].北京:北京理工大学. 2008.
[29]冯莉,董桂梅,林玉池.短距离无线通信技术及其在仪器通信中的应用[J].仪表技术与传感器,2007,12(2),31-32.
[30]刘盛平,韦云隆,杨菲.基于移动短信技术的无线传感器网络[J].微计算机信息,2007, 23(2),158-160.
[31]王锐华,益晓新,于全. ZigBee与Bluetooth的比较及共存分析[J].测控技术,2005, 24(6),50-52.
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