沙蒿籽对肉鸡生长、免疫及肠道相关指标的影响
摘要
试验选择1日龄AA肉仔鸡144只,随机分为3个日粮处理组,每个处理4个重复,每个重复12只,进行为期42天的饲养试验。3种日粮分别是在基础日粮中添加0,0.1%和0.5%的沙蒿籽粉配制而成。试验期间自由采食和饮水,旨在研究日粮中添加沙蒿籽对肉仔鸡生长性能、免疫功能和肠道相关指标等的影响,探讨沙蒿籽的各种生物活性功能。试验结果表明:
(1)从全期统计结果看,0.5%的沙蒿添加组ADG高于对照组,差异显著(P<0.05)。随沙蒿籽粉添加量的增加,F/G呈下降趋势,但各处理组之间无显著差异(P﹥0.05)。此外,ADFI在试验各阶段组间均无显著差异(P﹥0.05)。
(2)21和42日龄,免疫器官指数无明显变化(P﹥0.05);21日龄时,sCD4含量在组间差异不显著(P﹥0.05);42日龄时,沙蒿添加组sCD4含量均高于对照组,其中0.1%组显著升高(P<0.05)。此外,不论前期或后期,沙蒿籽粉添加组sCD8含量均极显著低于对照组(P<0.01);21和42日龄,添加组IgA含量均低于对照组,差异极显著(P<0.01)。21日龄,添加组IgM含量低于对照组,差异显著(P<0.05),42日龄,添加组IgM含量与对照组相比呈下降趋势,差异不显著(P﹥0.05)。21和42日龄,添加组IgG含量均极显著高于对照组(P<0.01);此外,21和42日龄时,新城疫抗体滴度均没有明显变化。
(3)沙蒿籽粉可以明显改善肉仔鸡肠绒毛形态。21日龄时,0.1%组十二指肠、空肠和回肠绒毛高度均高于对照组,差异极显著(p<0.01),而添加组十二指肠和空肠的隐窝深度则明显低于对照组,差异极显著(p<0.01);42日龄时, 0.1%组空肠和回肠绒毛高度明显高于对照组和0.5%组,差异极显著(p<0.01),0.5%组十二指肠和回肠隐窝深度明显高于另外两组,差异极显著(p<0.01)。在肠道微生物方面,回肠乳酸菌数明显增加,在0.1%组含量最高,组间差异显著(p<0.05),盲肠大肠杆菌数呈下降趋势。可见,日粮中添加沙蒿籽粉会明显改善肉仔鸡肠绒毛形态,对肠道微生物呈现有益作用。
(4)42d时添加组GH显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。21d和42d时,0.1%组的IGF-1明显高于对照组,21d时差异显著(P<0.05);42d时差异极显著(P<0.01)。21日龄,TG在添加组含量高于对照组(P<0.01),42日龄时组间差异不显著。21和42日龄,GLU和TC均无显著的组间差异(P﹥0.05),但在42日龄时,随沙蒿籽粉添加量增加,GLU有下降的趋势。此外,添加组SOD和GSH-PX浓度低于对照组,而CAT浓度与对照组相比有小幅上升。
The present study was conducted to determine the effects of Artemisia desterorum Spreng on growth, immunity and intestinal indexes in broilers. A total of 144 broilers at the age of 1 day were randomly divided into 3 treatments, each treatment consisted of 4 replicates with 12 broilers. The three treatments were fed the basal diet supplemented with 0, 0.1% and 0.5% Artemisia desterorum Spreng respectively. The experiment lasted for 42 days, and experimental diets and water were available ad libitum during the entire experimental period. The experimental results were showed as follows:
1. In the whole period, adding 0.5% Artemisia desterorum Spreng in diets could obviously enhance average daily gain (ADG) of broilers (P < 0.05). Along with the increment of Artemisia desterorum Spreng additive dose, the ratio of feed to gain (F/G) decreased, but there was no significant difference among treatment(sP﹥0.05). In addition, there was no significant difference among treatments for average daily feed intake (ADFI)(P﹥0.05).
2. On d 21 and 42, there was no significant changes in immune organ index (P> 0.05). On d 21, there was no significant difference in sCD4 among the groups (P > 0.05); on d 42, the levels of sCD4 in the adding groups were higher than that in control group, which was significantly higher in 0.1% group (P < 0.05). In addition, the contents of sCD8 and IgA in Artemisia desterorum Spreng groups were significantly lower than the control group (P <0.01) on d 21 and 42. On d 21, IgM levels of adding groups were lower than the control group (P <0.05), but on d 42, there was no significant difference in IgM among the groups (P> 0.05). On d 21 and 42, the level of IgG was significantly higher in adding groups (P <0.01), but there was no significant difference in Newcastle disease antibody titers among the groups (P> 0.05).
3. Dietary Artemisia desterorum Spreng could improve obviously intestinal villus form. On d 21, the height of intestinal villis in 0.1% group was higher than the control (p < 0.01), and fossae deep of duodenum and jejunal was significantly lower than the control (p < 0.01); on d 42, villis height of jejunum and ileum in 0.1% group was significantly higher than the control and 0.5% group (p < 0.01), and fossae deep of duodenum and ileum in 0.5% group was significantly higher than the other two groups (p < 0.01). In addition, the number of ileum lactobacillus in 0.1% group increased significantly (p < 0.05), and caecum escherichia coli number had a downtrend.
4. On d 42, adding groups had higher serum GH levels than the control (p < 0.05), and on d 21 and 42, 0.1% group had higher serum IGF-1 levels than the control (p < 0.05, p < 0.01). Adding groups had higher serum TG levels than the control on d 21 (p < 0.01), but there was no significant difference among treatments On d 42(P> 0.05). On d 21 and 42, there was no significant difference among treatments in serum GLUand TC, but along with the increment of Artemisia desterorum Spreng additive dose, serum GLU contents had a downtrend. In addition, adding groups had higher contents of SOD and GSH-PX and lower CAT content than the control.
(1)从全期统计结果看,0.5%的沙蒿添加组ADG高于对照组,差异显著(P<0.05)。随沙蒿籽粉添加量的增加,F/G呈下降趋势,但各处理组之间无显著差异(P﹥0.05)。此外,ADFI在试验各阶段组间均无显著差异(P﹥0.05)。
(2)21和42日龄,免疫器官指数无明显变化(P﹥0.05);21日龄时,sCD4含量在组间差异不显著(P﹥0.05);42日龄时,沙蒿添加组sCD4含量均高于对照组,其中0.1%组显著升高(P<0.05)。此外,不论前期或后期,沙蒿籽粉添加组sCD8含量均极显著低于对照组(P<0.01);21和42日龄,添加组IgA含量均低于对照组,差异极显著(P<0.01)。21日龄,添加组IgM含量低于对照组,差异显著(P<0.05),42日龄,添加组IgM含量与对照组相比呈下降趋势,差异不显著(P﹥0.05)。21和42日龄,添加组IgG含量均极显著高于对照组(P<0.01);此外,21和42日龄时,新城疫抗体滴度均没有明显变化。
(3)沙蒿籽粉可以明显改善肉仔鸡肠绒毛形态。21日龄时,0.1%组十二指肠、空肠和回肠绒毛高度均高于对照组,差异极显著(p<0.01),而添加组十二指肠和空肠的隐窝深度则明显低于对照组,差异极显著(p<0.01);42日龄时, 0.1%组空肠和回肠绒毛高度明显高于对照组和0.5%组,差异极显著(p<0.01),0.5%组十二指肠和回肠隐窝深度明显高于另外两组,差异极显著(p<0.01)。在肠道微生物方面,回肠乳酸菌数明显增加,在0.1%组含量最高,组间差异显著(p<0.05),盲肠大肠杆菌数呈下降趋势。可见,日粮中添加沙蒿籽粉会明显改善肉仔鸡肠绒毛形态,对肠道微生物呈现有益作用。
(4)42d时添加组GH显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。21d和42d时,0.1%组的IGF-1明显高于对照组,21d时差异显著(P<0.05);42d时差异极显著(P<0.01)。21日龄,TG在添加组含量高于对照组(P<0.01),42日龄时组间差异不显著。21和42日龄,GLU和TC均无显著的组间差异(P﹥0.05),但在42日龄时,随沙蒿籽粉添加量增加,GLU有下降的趋势。此外,添加组SOD和GSH-PX浓度低于对照组,而CAT浓度与对照组相比有小幅上升。
The present study was conducted to determine the effects of Artemisia desterorum Spreng on growth, immunity and intestinal indexes in broilers. A total of 144 broilers at the age of 1 day were randomly divided into 3 treatments, each treatment consisted of 4 replicates with 12 broilers. The three treatments were fed the basal diet supplemented with 0, 0.1% and 0.5% Artemisia desterorum Spreng respectively. The experiment lasted for 42 days, and experimental diets and water were available ad libitum during the entire experimental period. The experimental results were showed as follows:
1. In the whole period, adding 0.5% Artemisia desterorum Spreng in diets could obviously enhance average daily gain (ADG) of broilers (P < 0.05). Along with the increment of Artemisia desterorum Spreng additive dose, the ratio of feed to gain (F/G) decreased, but there was no significant difference among treatment(sP﹥0.05). In addition, there was no significant difference among treatments for average daily feed intake (ADFI)(P﹥0.05).
2. On d 21 and 42, there was no significant changes in immune organ index (P> 0.05). On d 21, there was no significant difference in sCD4 among the groups (P > 0.05); on d 42, the levels of sCD4 in the adding groups were higher than that in control group, which was significantly higher in 0.1% group (P < 0.05). In addition, the contents of sCD8 and IgA in Artemisia desterorum Spreng groups were significantly lower than the control group (P <0.01) on d 21 and 42. On d 21, IgM levels of adding groups were lower than the control group (P <0.05), but on d 42, there was no significant difference in IgM among the groups (P> 0.05). On d 21 and 42, the level of IgG was significantly higher in adding groups (P <0.01), but there was no significant difference in Newcastle disease antibody titers among the groups (P> 0.05).
3. Dietary Artemisia desterorum Spreng could improve obviously intestinal villus form. On d 21, the height of intestinal villis in 0.1% group was higher than the control (p < 0.01), and fossae deep of duodenum and jejunal was significantly lower than the control (p < 0.01); on d 42, villis height of jejunum and ileum in 0.1% group was significantly higher than the control and 0.5% group (p < 0.01), and fossae deep of duodenum and ileum in 0.5% group was significantly higher than the other two groups (p < 0.01). In addition, the number of ileum lactobacillus in 0.1% group increased significantly (p < 0.05), and caecum escherichia coli number had a downtrend.
4. On d 42, adding groups had higher serum GH levels than the control (p < 0.05), and on d 21 and 42, 0.1% group had higher serum IGF-1 levels than the control (p < 0.05, p < 0.01). Adding groups had higher serum TG levels than the control on d 21 (p < 0.01), but there was no significant difference among treatments On d 42(P> 0.05). On d 21 and 42, there was no significant difference among treatments in serum GLUand TC, but along with the increment of Artemisia desterorum Spreng additive dose, serum GLU contents had a downtrend. In addition, adding groups had higher contents of SOD and GSH-PX and lower CAT content than the control.
引文
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