跳频传输模式下数字相位调制系统的研究
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摘要
近年来，跳频通信技术作为一种抗干扰、抗截获、抗检测的安全传输方式已广泛应用在各种军事无线通信领域。跳频传输模式下的数字相位调制系统具有较高的抗噪声性能，且能有效地利用频带，实现数据的高速传输，是一种比较优越的调制方式。本文根据跳频传输的特点，对MPSK和π／4-DQPSK这两种相位调制方式进行分析，提出数字调制解调方案，并用matlab对其进行了仿真，最后还在TI公司的TMS320C6416芯片上实现了这两种系统。
本文第一章介绍了跳频技术的特点、结构、发展现状和发展趋势，并进一步介绍了能够满足军事通信系统兼容性和扩展性要求的软件无线电技术。
第二章说明了跳频传输模式下数字相位调制系统的设计。首先介绍了跳频通信的信道特性，然后说明了跳频系统的工作情况，并分析了跳频传输对相位调制系统设计的影响，最后针对跳频通信的特点设计出跳频传输模式下的FH-MPSK和FH-π／4 DQPSK系统。
第三章主要讨论了跳频模式下FH-MPSK和FH-π／4 DQPSK系统中各个模块的设计，这些模块包括：上下变频器、奈奎斯特滤波器、信号到达检测、插值模块、通用环路、各环路误差提取方法、初始相位校正和TCM编译码。
第四章给出FH-MPSK和FH-π／4 DQPSK两系统的matlab仿真结果，说明用DSP实现这两个系统的软件开发流程，并在中频平台中实现了跳频8DPSK和π／4-DQPSK系统，给出实测结果。
Recently, frequency-hop communication has been widely used in many military wireless communication domain as a secure transmission mode. In frequency-hop transmission, phase modulation system has good performance and high frequency efficiency. Phase modulation system is a superior system, can transmit data at high rate. In this thesis, digital FH - MPSK and
FH-π/4DQPSK modulator and demodulator are given according to the frequency-hop
communication characteristics. At last, we implement these systems in both hardware and software platform.
Chapter 1 is an introduction to the frequency hopping, including its characteristics, structure, current technical situation and future tendency. In this chapter, software radio which has good compatibility and expansibility is introduced farther.
Chapter 2 treats the design of digital phase modulation system in frequency hopping mode communication. At first, a description of channel characteristics is given for the latter design. Then, the frequency-hop system is presented. Emphasis is placed on the analysis of effect on the phase modulation system which is produced in frequency-hop transmission. At last, we scheme out the
FH-MPSK and FH-π/4DQPSK systems according to the frequency-hop communication characteristics.
Chapter 3 discusses the modules used in the FH-MPSK and FH-π/4DQPSK
systems. These modules include: DUC/DDC (Digital Up Converter / Digital Down Converter), Nyquist flitter, burst start detection, interpolation module, PLL (phase locked loop), PLL error extraction, initial phase correction and the coding and decoding for TCM.
In chapter 4, the hardware and software implemented results are shown. We simulated the FH-MPSK and FH-π/4DQPSK systems by matlab, and implement them on a Texas Instruments chip TMS320C6416.
本文第一章介绍了跳频技术的特点、结构、发展现状和发展趋势，并进一步介绍了能够满足军事通信系统兼容性和扩展性要求的软件无线电技术。
第二章说明了跳频传输模式下数字相位调制系统的设计。首先介绍了跳频通信的信道特性，然后说明了跳频系统的工作情况，并分析了跳频传输对相位调制系统设计的影响，最后针对跳频通信的特点设计出跳频传输模式下的FH-MPSK和FH-π／4 DQPSK系统。
第三章主要讨论了跳频模式下FH-MPSK和FH-π／4 DQPSK系统中各个模块的设计，这些模块包括：上下变频器、奈奎斯特滤波器、信号到达检测、插值模块、通用环路、各环路误差提取方法、初始相位校正和TCM编译码。
第四章给出FH-MPSK和FH-π／4 DQPSK两系统的matlab仿真结果，说明用DSP实现这两个系统的软件开发流程，并在中频平台中实现了跳频8DPSK和π／4-DQPSK系统，给出实测结果。
Recently, frequency-hop communication has been widely used in many military wireless communication domain as a secure transmission mode. In frequency-hop transmission, phase modulation system has good performance and high frequency efficiency. Phase modulation system is a superior system, can transmit data at high rate. In this thesis, digital FH - MPSK and
FH-π/4DQPSK modulator and demodulator are given according to the frequency-hop
communication characteristics. At last, we implement these systems in both hardware and software platform.
Chapter 1 is an introduction to the frequency hopping, including its characteristics, structure, current technical situation and future tendency. In this chapter, software radio which has good compatibility and expansibility is introduced farther.
Chapter 2 treats the design of digital phase modulation system in frequency hopping mode communication. At first, a description of channel characteristics is given for the latter design. Then, the frequency-hop system is presented. Emphasis is placed on the analysis of effect on the phase modulation system which is produced in frequency-hop transmission. At last, we scheme out the
FH-MPSK and FH-π/4DQPSK systems according to the frequency-hop communication characteristics.
Chapter 3 discusses the modules used in the FH-MPSK and FH-π/4DQPSK
systems. These modules include: DUC/DDC (Digital Up Converter / Digital Down Converter), Nyquist flitter, burst start detection, interpolation module, PLL (phase locked loop), PLL error extraction, initial phase correction and the coding and decoding for TCM.
In chapter 4, the hardware and software implemented results are shown. We simulated the FH-MPSK and FH-π/4DQPSK systems by matlab, and implement them on a Texas Instruments chip TMS320C6416.
引文
[1]Maurizio Andronico, Salvatore Casal, Aurelio La Corte. "A Feed-Forward Technique for Initial Reference Parameter Estimation in Burst Mode PSK Demodulation"., VOL.9, NO.6, November-December, 1998.
[2]M.Andronico, S.Casale, A.La Corte, C.Pinnisi. "A New Algorithm for Fast Synchronization in a Burst Mode PSK Demodulator". Gateway to Globalization, 1995 IEEE International Conference on, Volume:3,18-22 June 1995.
[3]Floyd M. Gardner. "Interpolation in Digital Modems——Part Ⅰ: Fundamentals". IEEE Transaction on Communication, VOL.41, NO.3, MARCH 1993.
[4]Lars Erup, Floyd M.Gardner, Robert A.Harris."Interpolation in Digital Modems——Part Ⅱ:Implementation and Performance". IEEE Transactions on Communications, VOL.41, NO.6, JUNE 1993.
[5]Franco Mazzenga and Giovanni Emanuele Corazza. "Blind Least-Squares Estimation of Carrier Phase, Doppler Shift, and Doppler Rate for m-PSK Burst Transmission". IEEE Communication Letters, VOL.2, NO.3, March 1998.
[6]S. Bellini, C. Molinari and G. Tartara. "Digital Frequency Estimation in Burst Mode QPSK Transmission". IEEE Transactions on Communication, VOL.38, NO.7, July 1990.
[7]Andrew J. Viterbi and Audrey M. Viterbi. "Nonlinear Estimation of PSK-Modulated Carrier Phase with Application to Burst Digital Transmission". IEEE Transactions on Information Theory. VOL. IT-29, NO.4, July 1983.
[8]M. Morelli, A. N. D' Andrea and U. Mengali. "Feed-forward ML-Based Timing Estimation With PSK Signals". IEEE Communications Letters, VOL. 1, NO.3, May 1997.
[9]M.P. Fitz, C. Lindsey. "Decision-directed Burst-mode Carrier Synchronization Techniques". IEEE Trans. on Communication, VOL. COM-40, October 1992.
[10]W. G. Cowley. "Phase and Frequency Estimation for PSK Packets:Bounds and Algorithms". IEEE Trans. on Communication, VOL. COM-38, NO.7, July 1990.
[11]F. D. Natli. "AFC Tracking Algorithms". IEEE Trans. on Communication, VOL. COM-32, Aug. 1984.
[12]M. Luise and R. Reggiannini. "Carrier Frequency Recovery in All-digital Modems for Burst-mode Transmissions". IEEE Trans. on Communication, VOL. 43, NO.3, Mar. 1995.
[13]Chia Liang Liu and Dr. Kamllo Feher. "Noncoherent Detection of π/4-QPSK Systems in a CCI-AWGN Combined Interference Environment". Vehicular Technology Conference, IEEE 39th, May 1989.
[14]D. Makrakis and K. Feher. "Optimal Noncoherent Detection of PSK Signals". IEEE Electronics Letters, VOL. 26, NO.6, 15th March 1990.
[15]Dong Wu and Fuqin Xiong. "Multiple-Symbol Differential Detection of π/4-QPSK over Land Mobile Satellite Communications Channels". IEEE. 1996.
[16]Yukiyoshi Kamio, Eimatsu Moriyama, Hideichi Sasaoka, Kiyoshi Hamaguchi and Yuji Sugimoto. "High Bit Rate π/4-QPSK Modem with a New Equalizer based on Sequence Estimation for Mobile Communications". The 8th IEEE International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications, VOL. 2, Sep. 1997.
[17]R. De Gaidemzi, T. Garde, V. Vanghi. "Performance Analysis of Decision-directed Maximum-likelihood Phase Estimation for MPSK Modulated Signals". IEEE Trans. on Communication, VOL. COM-43, December 1995.
[18]Clinton C Powell and Joseph Boccuzzi. "Performance of π/4-QPSK Baseband Differential Detection Under Frequency Offset Conditions". Global Telecommunications Conference, Dec. 1991.
[19]Umberto Mengali and M. Morelli. "Data-Aided Frequency Estimation for Burst Digital Transmission". IEEE Transactions on Communication, VOL.45, NO. 1, January 1997.
[20]"TMS320C6000 CPU and Instruction Set Reference Guide". Texas Instruments, Oct. 2000.
[21]"TMS320C6000 Optimizing Compiler User's Guide". Texas Instruments, Oct. 2002.
[22]John G. Proakis. Digital Communications, 3rd ed. New York: McGraw-Hill series in electrical and computer engineering. Communications and signal processing. 1995.
[23]方惠英，赵民建，陈文正．基于软件无线电的突发模式8DPSK的全数字化实现．电讯技术，2003年第3期．
[24]邓洋，赵民建，王匡，仇佩亮．QAM全数字接收机载波相位恢复环路．电路与系统学报，第7卷，第2期，2002年6月．
[25]赵杭生，甘仲明，屈德新．π／4-DQPSK调制的快速位同步捕获和位同步跟踪．电子学报，VOL．27，NO．4，Apr．1999．
[26]孙剑川，凌涛．短波战术跳频通信系统的技术现状和发展．通信与广播电视，2002年第3期．
[27]赵振强．短波通信的新技术——自适应与跳频．现代通信，2002年第12期．
[28]李静．浅谈无线电台．现代通信，2002年第3期．
[29]约翰G普罗基斯著，齐怀亮，汪仲仙，张新政，吴秀珍等译．数字通信．电子工业出 版社．1988年10月．
[30]郭梯云，刘增基，王新梅，詹道庸等编．数据通信．人们邮电出版社．1986年8月．
[31]李方慧，王飞，何佩琨．TMS320C6000系列DSPs原理与应用．电子工业出版社．2003年1月．
[32]方建邦，董献忱，王天玺编著．锁相环原理及其应用．人民邮电出版社．1988年6月．
[33]杨大成等编著．cdma2000 1x移动通信系统．机械工业出版社．2003年1月．
[2]M.Andronico, S.Casale, A.La Corte, C.Pinnisi. "A New Algorithm for Fast Synchronization in a Burst Mode PSK Demodulator". Gateway to Globalization, 1995 IEEE International Conference on, Volume:3,18-22 June 1995.
[3]Floyd M. Gardner. "Interpolation in Digital Modems——Part Ⅰ: Fundamentals". IEEE Transaction on Communication, VOL.41, NO.3, MARCH 1993.
[4]Lars Erup, Floyd M.Gardner, Robert A.Harris."Interpolation in Digital Modems——Part Ⅱ:Implementation and Performance". IEEE Transactions on Communications, VOL.41, NO.6, JUNE 1993.
[5]Franco Mazzenga and Giovanni Emanuele Corazza. "Blind Least-Squares Estimation of Carrier Phase, Doppler Shift, and Doppler Rate for m-PSK Burst Transmission". IEEE Communication Letters, VOL.2, NO.3, March 1998.
[6]S. Bellini, C. Molinari and G. Tartara. "Digital Frequency Estimation in Burst Mode QPSK Transmission". IEEE Transactions on Communication, VOL.38, NO.7, July 1990.
[7]Andrew J. Viterbi and Audrey M. Viterbi. "Nonlinear Estimation of PSK-Modulated Carrier Phase with Application to Burst Digital Transmission". IEEE Transactions on Information Theory. VOL. IT-29, NO.4, July 1983.
[8]M. Morelli, A. N. D' Andrea and U. Mengali. "Feed-forward ML-Based Timing Estimation With PSK Signals". IEEE Communications Letters, VOL. 1, NO.3, May 1997.
[9]M.P. Fitz, C. Lindsey. "Decision-directed Burst-mode Carrier Synchronization Techniques". IEEE Trans. on Communication, VOL. COM-40, October 1992.
[10]W. G. Cowley. "Phase and Frequency Estimation for PSK Packets:Bounds and Algorithms". IEEE Trans. on Communication, VOL. COM-38, NO.7, July 1990.
[11]F. D. Natli. "AFC Tracking Algorithms". IEEE Trans. on Communication, VOL. COM-32, Aug. 1984.
[12]M. Luise and R. Reggiannini. "Carrier Frequency Recovery in All-digital Modems for Burst-mode Transmissions". IEEE Trans. on Communication, VOL. 43, NO.3, Mar. 1995.
[13]Chia Liang Liu and Dr. Kamllo Feher. "Noncoherent Detection of π/4-QPSK Systems in a CCI-AWGN Combined Interference Environment". Vehicular Technology Conference, IEEE 39th, May 1989.
[14]D. Makrakis and K. Feher. "Optimal Noncoherent Detection of PSK Signals". IEEE Electronics Letters, VOL. 26, NO.6, 15th March 1990.
[15]Dong Wu and Fuqin Xiong. "Multiple-Symbol Differential Detection of π/4-QPSK over Land Mobile Satellite Communications Channels". IEEE. 1996.
[16]Yukiyoshi Kamio, Eimatsu Moriyama, Hideichi Sasaoka, Kiyoshi Hamaguchi and Yuji Sugimoto. "High Bit Rate π/4-QPSK Modem with a New Equalizer based on Sequence Estimation for Mobile Communications". The 8th IEEE International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications, VOL. 2, Sep. 1997.
[17]R. De Gaidemzi, T. Garde, V. Vanghi. "Performance Analysis of Decision-directed Maximum-likelihood Phase Estimation for MPSK Modulated Signals". IEEE Trans. on Communication, VOL. COM-43, December 1995.
[18]Clinton C Powell and Joseph Boccuzzi. "Performance of π/4-QPSK Baseband Differential Detection Under Frequency Offset Conditions". Global Telecommunications Conference, Dec. 1991.
[19]Umberto Mengali and M. Morelli. "Data-Aided Frequency Estimation for Burst Digital Transmission". IEEE Transactions on Communication, VOL.45, NO. 1, January 1997.
[20]"TMS320C6000 CPU and Instruction Set Reference Guide". Texas Instruments, Oct. 2000.
[21]"TMS320C6000 Optimizing Compiler User's Guide". Texas Instruments, Oct. 2002.
[22]John G. Proakis. Digital Communications, 3rd ed. New York: McGraw-Hill series in electrical and computer engineering. Communications and signal processing. 1995.
[23]方惠英，赵民建，陈文正．基于软件无线电的突发模式8DPSK的全数字化实现．电讯技术，2003年第3期．
[24]邓洋，赵民建，王匡，仇佩亮．QAM全数字接收机载波相位恢复环路．电路与系统学报，第7卷，第2期，2002年6月．
[25]赵杭生，甘仲明，屈德新．π／4-DQPSK调制的快速位同步捕获和位同步跟踪．电子学报，VOL．27，NO．4，Apr．1999．
[26]孙剑川，凌涛．短波战术跳频通信系统的技术现状和发展．通信与广播电视，2002年第3期．
[27]赵振强．短波通信的新技术——自适应与跳频．现代通信，2002年第12期．
[28]李静．浅谈无线电台．现代通信，2002年第3期．
[29]约翰G普罗基斯著，齐怀亮，汪仲仙，张新政，吴秀珍等译．数字通信．电子工业出 版社．1988年10月．
[30]郭梯云，刘增基，王新梅，詹道庸等编．数据通信．人们邮电出版社．1986年8月．
[31]李方慧，王飞，何佩琨．TMS320C6000系列DSPs原理与应用．电子工业出版社．2003年1月．
[32]方建邦，董献忱，王天玺编著．锁相环原理及其应用．人民邮电出版社．1988年6月．
[33]杨大成等编著．cdma2000 1x移动通信系统．机械工业出版社．2003年1月．