复杂系统失效率评估与多目标优化方法研究
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摘要
随着系统复杂程度的增加，系统失效率估计的难度也随之增大，这使得系统之间设计目标的权衡与协调的难度随之增加。通过多目标优化设计方法对系统进行设计是解决上述问题的有效方法之一。本文对复杂系统失效率估计方法、非约束多目标优化以及约束多目标优化设计方法开展了研究。
在计算由并联或串联系统组成的复杂系统失效率时，基于其组成子系统或其运行时间的方法通常存在较大误差，有必要建立与复杂系统等效并能精确估计其失效率的方法。本文提出了一种将复杂系统减化成最小割集进而估计复杂系统失效率的方法，对由不同部件组成的串-并联系统和混合系统、相同部件组成的网络系统三种复杂系统失效率进行了估计，并与复杂系统简化方法估计的系统失效率进行对比。结果显示，本文提出的方法能够精确有效的估计复杂系统的失效率。
系统复杂性的增加通常会导致多个目标相互冲突。通过对复杂系统多目标优化方法的研究，基于遗传算法和启发式搜索原则提出了GPSIA算法产生非支配最优解，并通过含有冗余的串-并联系统对GPSIA算法进行了验证，其中系统可靠性和费用作为优化目标，系统的重量作为约束，优化结果为均匀分布的非支配解，并用连续Pareto点的距离评价了算法的效果。通过与NSGA-II和SPEA-2算法的对比分析，对GPSIA算法的鲁棒性做了讨论。
在实际问题的分析中，约束是广泛存在的。在基于GPSIA算法的优化策略中考虑了满足所有约束的可行解。非可行解会加快Pareto解的收敛速度。本部分在GPSIA方法的基础上，提出了GPSIA+DS算法，该算法在优化策略中同时考虑了可行解和非可行解。通过与GPSIA和NSGA-II算法在复杂系统优化中的对比分析，表明了GPSIA+DS算法的有效性。
采用GSPIA+DS算法对某型飞机起落架位置指示和作动系统进行了多目标化，验证了该算法在可靠性工程中应用的有效性。
Engineering systems especially in aerospace industries are increasingly becomingcomplex. As system complexity increases, system failure rates estimation difficulty alsoincreases. Increase system complexity usually generates conflicting design objectives.Designing systems with optimal parameter setting requires efficient optimizationtechniques to handle these multiple objectives design issues. In this thesis the failure rateestimation and multi-objective optimization of complex systems is studied.
Usually, analysts apply approaches based on branch reduction or time in attemptto calculate the failure rates of complex systems. In this work, reduction-minimal cuttechnique is proposed for the estimation of complex system failure rates. Series-paralleland complex mixed configuration system structures, comprising of non-identicalcomponents and network system structure comprising of identical components were usedto validate the proposed approach. Approximated percent error of the failure rateestimated using oversimplified approach in relation to the true failure rate based on theproposed technique were estimated and discussed for the three system structuresconsidered.
The optimal solution of a multi-objective optimization problem (MOP)corresponds to a Pareto set that is characterized by a tradeoff between objectives. GeneticPareto Set Identification Algorithm (GPSIA) is proposed for multi-objective optimizationproblems. GPSIA is a hybrid technique which combines genetic and heuristic principlesto generate non-dominated solutions. Series–parallel system with active redundancy wasused to validate the proposed algorithm. System reliability and cost were the researchobjective functions subject to system weight constrain. The results reveal evenlydistributed non-dominated set. The distances between successive Pareto points were usedto evaluate the general performance of the method. Plots were also used to show thecomputational results for the type of system studied and the robustness of the technique is discussed in comparison with NSGA-II and SPEA-2.
Constraints are usually prevalent in real-world optimization problems. Theoptimization strategy based on GPSIA only considered feasible solutions. That is,solutions, which satisfies all constraints conditions. Infeasible solutions could facilitatefaster convergence to the true Pareto front. In this research a biologically inspiredconstrained GPSIA called GPSIA+DS based on the previously proposed GPSIA, whichconsiders the feasible and infeasible solution in it optimization strategy is furtherproposed. Complex system comprising of mixed configuration, k-out-of-n and redundantsubsystem was used to test GPSIA+DS in comparison with GPSIA and NSGA-II. Theresult showed that GPSIA+DS is efficient.
GSPIA+DS is applied to the multi-objective optimization of an aircraft landinggear position indication and actuation system. The efficient of the constrained GPSIA isdemonstrated through the reliability engineering application.
在计算由并联或串联系统组成的复杂系统失效率时，基于其组成子系统或其运行时间的方法通常存在较大误差，有必要建立与复杂系统等效并能精确估计其失效率的方法。本文提出了一种将复杂系统减化成最小割集进而估计复杂系统失效率的方法，对由不同部件组成的串-并联系统和混合系统、相同部件组成的网络系统三种复杂系统失效率进行了估计，并与复杂系统简化方法估计的系统失效率进行对比。结果显示，本文提出的方法能够精确有效的估计复杂系统的失效率。
系统复杂性的增加通常会导致多个目标相互冲突。通过对复杂系统多目标优化方法的研究，基于遗传算法和启发式搜索原则提出了GPSIA算法产生非支配最优解，并通过含有冗余的串-并联系统对GPSIA算法进行了验证，其中系统可靠性和费用作为优化目标，系统的重量作为约束，优化结果为均匀分布的非支配解，并用连续Pareto点的距离评价了算法的效果。通过与NSGA-II和SPEA-2算法的对比分析，对GPSIA算法的鲁棒性做了讨论。
在实际问题的分析中，约束是广泛存在的。在基于GPSIA算法的优化策略中考虑了满足所有约束的可行解。非可行解会加快Pareto解的收敛速度。本部分在GPSIA方法的基础上，提出了GPSIA+DS算法，该算法在优化策略中同时考虑了可行解和非可行解。通过与GPSIA和NSGA-II算法在复杂系统优化中的对比分析，表明了GPSIA+DS算法的有效性。
采用GSPIA+DS算法对某型飞机起落架位置指示和作动系统进行了多目标化，验证了该算法在可靠性工程中应用的有效性。
Engineering systems especially in aerospace industries are increasingly becomingcomplex. As system complexity increases, system failure rates estimation difficulty alsoincreases. Increase system complexity usually generates conflicting design objectives.Designing systems with optimal parameter setting requires efficient optimizationtechniques to handle these multiple objectives design issues. In this thesis the failure rateestimation and multi-objective optimization of complex systems is studied.
Usually, analysts apply approaches based on branch reduction or time in attemptto calculate the failure rates of complex systems. In this work, reduction-minimal cuttechnique is proposed for the estimation of complex system failure rates. Series-paralleland complex mixed configuration system structures, comprising of non-identicalcomponents and network system structure comprising of identical components were usedto validate the proposed approach. Approximated percent error of the failure rateestimated using oversimplified approach in relation to the true failure rate based on theproposed technique were estimated and discussed for the three system structuresconsidered.
The optimal solution of a multi-objective optimization problem (MOP)corresponds to a Pareto set that is characterized by a tradeoff between objectives. GeneticPareto Set Identification Algorithm (GPSIA) is proposed for multi-objective optimizationproblems. GPSIA is a hybrid technique which combines genetic and heuristic principlesto generate non-dominated solutions. Series–parallel system with active redundancy wasused to validate the proposed algorithm. System reliability and cost were the researchobjective functions subject to system weight constrain. The results reveal evenlydistributed non-dominated set. The distances between successive Pareto points were usedto evaluate the general performance of the method. Plots were also used to show thecomputational results for the type of system studied and the robustness of the technique is discussed in comparison with NSGA-II and SPEA-2.
Constraints are usually prevalent in real-world optimization problems. Theoptimization strategy based on GPSIA only considered feasible solutions. That is,solutions, which satisfies all constraints conditions. Infeasible solutions could facilitatefaster convergence to the true Pareto front. In this research a biologically inspiredconstrained GPSIA called GPSIA+DS based on the previously proposed GPSIA, whichconsiders the feasible and infeasible solution in it optimization strategy is furtherproposed. Complex system comprising of mixed configuration, k-out-of-n and redundantsubsystem was used to test GPSIA+DS in comparison with GPSIA and NSGA-II. Theresult showed that GPSIA+DS is efficient.
GSPIA+DS is applied to the multi-objective optimization of an aircraft landinggear position indication and actuation system. The efficient of the constrained GPSIA isdemonstrated through the reliability engineering application.
引文
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