CFRP索斜拉桥的静动力性能研究
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摘要
近年来,随着斜拉桥向大跨、超大跨度的发展,传统钢拉索的锈蚀问题、拉索的承载效率和结构自重等问题变得日趋明显,这就对斜拉桥所使用的材料提出了更高的要求。碳纤维增强复合材料(CFRP)具有轻质、高强、耐腐蚀、抗疲劳等优良性能,引起了土木工程界的广泛重视和兴趣。将CFRP用作大跨径斜拉桥的拉索,不仅可以充分利用其高强性能,而且可以基本解决传统斜拉索的腐蚀退化问题,同时在减轻斜拉桥上部结构自重、提高斜拉桥跨越能力和承载效率等方面都会产生积极作用,从而在跨海、跨洲际的大桥建设中发挥技术优势和经济优势。
目前,国内外对于CFRP拉索斜拉桥的相关研究和实际工程还不多,研究成果还很少;我国在此方面的研究也是刚刚起步。本文围绕CFRP拉索斜拉桥这一主题,对其进行了部分基础性的研究,如超大跨CFRP拉索斜拉桥的力学性能、CFRP拉索试验桥的静载试验及CFRP斜拉索试验桥锚具的性能分析。现将主要研究内容摘要如下:
(1) CFRP斜拉索试验桥的静载试验和锚具研究
对国内首座CFRP拉索斜拉桥进行了静载试验分析,详细介绍了静载试验的主要内容和方法,并将有限元模型的理论计算结果与该桥的试验实测结果进行了对比分析。以国内首座CFRP索斜拉桥上使用并获得国家专利的直筒加内锥式锚具为研究对象,对其进行了影响因素的有限元分析,并提出了相应的优化方案。
(2) CFRP索超大跨斜拉桥的非线性静力分析
探讨了斜拉桥的各种非线性因素的分析理论和方法,并基于大型有限元分析软件ANSYS对传统斜拉桥的力学模型进行了讨论,提出了方法的改进。探索性的设计了主跨千米级的CFRP索斜拉桥和钢索斜拉桥,对比分析了两种斜拉桥的成桥受力状态;详细分析了各种非线性因素对两种斜拉桥静力学参数的影响程度。
(3) CFRP索超大跨斜拉桥的非线性动力特性分析
阐述了斜拉桥动力特性分析的有限元方法:对设计的主跨千米级的CRFP索斜拉桥和钢索斜拉桥的固有动力特性(包括自振频率和模态)进行了对比分析;研究了结构体系、边跨辅助墩个数等设计参数对CFRP索斜拉桥动力特性的影响。
In recent years,with the development of greater span bridge,the problem of corrosion for traditional steel cable,the bearing efficiency for cable,and the structure weight has been become significantly,and the material which used for the cable-stayed bridge also set a higher request.Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) which has good performances of light weight,high strength,corrosion resistance and fatigue resistance has caught the attention and interest of the civil engineering realm.When material of CFRP used in the super long span cable-stayed bridges,there will be some advantages.On one side,the performance of high strength can be made full use.On the other side,the weight of super bridge will be lightened; the spanning ability and the carrying efficiency will be heightened.Thereby,the technology advantage and economy advantage of cable-stayed bridges with CFRP cables when constructing bridges over straits and seas.
Recently,the related research and practical project are not very much,and the research productions are few yet.In china,the research on this field just stared.The work focuses on cable-stayed bridge using CFRP cables and some basic research are made,such as the mechanical properties of cable-stayed bridges with CFRP cables, the static load test of the experimental bridge,and the anchorage device for CFRP cables.The main content of the dissertation is briefly summarized as follows.
1.The analysis of static load test and bonding anchors for experimental bridge with CFRP cables
The actual working performance of the first cable-stayed bridge with CFRP cables in China during the service stage is inspected.The major contents and methods of static load test for cable-stayed bridge with CFRP cables are presented in detail. With the calculation of finite element model concerned,the stress and deflection behavior of the bridge structure measured in the test are compared and analyzed. Bonding anchors,which used in the first CFRP cable-stayed bridge and obtained the national patent,was analyzed by the finite element method.The radial stress of CFRP tendons are selected as major research parameters and influencing factors are also analyzed.At last,corresponding optimization schemes were given.
2.Nonlinear static analysis of cable-stayed bridges with CFRP cables
The theory and methods of all non-linear factors are introduced.Based on the discussion of the traditional mechanical model of cable-stayed bridge,the improved methods are made.The cable-stayed bridge with CFRP cables whose main span reaches 1000 meters-class and another one with steel cables are designed deploringly and the method of cable force optimization are also discussed.The mechanical properties of two cable-stayed bridges on dead load state are compared,and the influences of geometry nonlinear on dead load state are analyzed quantitatively.
3.Nonlinear dynamic characteristics analysis of cable-stayed bridges with CFRP cables
The finite element methods of dynamic characteristics analysis are introduced. The natural dynamic behaviors of cable-stayed bridge with CFRP cables whose main span reaches 1000 meters-class and another one with steel cables are analyzed contrastively.The influences of design parameters,such as structural system,the numbers of auxiliary piers,on dynamic characteristics of the cable-stayed bridge with CFRP cables are investigated.
目前,国内外对于CFRP拉索斜拉桥的相关研究和实际工程还不多,研究成果还很少;我国在此方面的研究也是刚刚起步。本文围绕CFRP拉索斜拉桥这一主题,对其进行了部分基础性的研究,如超大跨CFRP拉索斜拉桥的力学性能、CFRP拉索试验桥的静载试验及CFRP斜拉索试验桥锚具的性能分析。现将主要研究内容摘要如下:
(1) CFRP斜拉索试验桥的静载试验和锚具研究
对国内首座CFRP拉索斜拉桥进行了静载试验分析,详细介绍了静载试验的主要内容和方法,并将有限元模型的理论计算结果与该桥的试验实测结果进行了对比分析。以国内首座CFRP索斜拉桥上使用并获得国家专利的直筒加内锥式锚具为研究对象,对其进行了影响因素的有限元分析,并提出了相应的优化方案。
(2) CFRP索超大跨斜拉桥的非线性静力分析
探讨了斜拉桥的各种非线性因素的分析理论和方法,并基于大型有限元分析软件ANSYS对传统斜拉桥的力学模型进行了讨论,提出了方法的改进。探索性的设计了主跨千米级的CFRP索斜拉桥和钢索斜拉桥,对比分析了两种斜拉桥的成桥受力状态;详细分析了各种非线性因素对两种斜拉桥静力学参数的影响程度。
(3) CFRP索超大跨斜拉桥的非线性动力特性分析
阐述了斜拉桥动力特性分析的有限元方法:对设计的主跨千米级的CRFP索斜拉桥和钢索斜拉桥的固有动力特性(包括自振频率和模态)进行了对比分析;研究了结构体系、边跨辅助墩个数等设计参数对CFRP索斜拉桥动力特性的影响。
In recent years,with the development of greater span bridge,the problem of corrosion for traditional steel cable,the bearing efficiency for cable,and the structure weight has been become significantly,and the material which used for the cable-stayed bridge also set a higher request.Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) which has good performances of light weight,high strength,corrosion resistance and fatigue resistance has caught the attention and interest of the civil engineering realm.When material of CFRP used in the super long span cable-stayed bridges,there will be some advantages.On one side,the performance of high strength can be made full use.On the other side,the weight of super bridge will be lightened; the spanning ability and the carrying efficiency will be heightened.Thereby,the technology advantage and economy advantage of cable-stayed bridges with CFRP cables when constructing bridges over straits and seas.
Recently,the related research and practical project are not very much,and the research productions are few yet.In china,the research on this field just stared.The work focuses on cable-stayed bridge using CFRP cables and some basic research are made,such as the mechanical properties of cable-stayed bridges with CFRP cables, the static load test of the experimental bridge,and the anchorage device for CFRP cables.The main content of the dissertation is briefly summarized as follows.
1.The analysis of static load test and bonding anchors for experimental bridge with CFRP cables
The actual working performance of the first cable-stayed bridge with CFRP cables in China during the service stage is inspected.The major contents and methods of static load test for cable-stayed bridge with CFRP cables are presented in detail. With the calculation of finite element model concerned,the stress and deflection behavior of the bridge structure measured in the test are compared and analyzed. Bonding anchors,which used in the first CFRP cable-stayed bridge and obtained the national patent,was analyzed by the finite element method.The radial stress of CFRP tendons are selected as major research parameters and influencing factors are also analyzed.At last,corresponding optimization schemes were given.
2.Nonlinear static analysis of cable-stayed bridges with CFRP cables
The theory and methods of all non-linear factors are introduced.Based on the discussion of the traditional mechanical model of cable-stayed bridge,the improved methods are made.The cable-stayed bridge with CFRP cables whose main span reaches 1000 meters-class and another one with steel cables are designed deploringly and the method of cable force optimization are also discussed.The mechanical properties of two cable-stayed bridges on dead load state are compared,and the influences of geometry nonlinear on dead load state are analyzed quantitatively.
3.Nonlinear dynamic characteristics analysis of cable-stayed bridges with CFRP cables
The finite element methods of dynamic characteristics analysis are introduced. The natural dynamic behaviors of cable-stayed bridge with CFRP cables whose main span reaches 1000 meters-class and another one with steel cables are analyzed contrastively.The influences of design parameters,such as structural system,the numbers of auxiliary piers,on dynamic characteristics of the cable-stayed bridge with CFRP cables are investigated.
引文
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