日粮不同能量水平对绵羊羊肉品质及不同组织中H-FABP基因表达的影响
|
摘要
选择4~5月龄、体重25.4kg左右的杂交羔羊36只,随机分为3组:低能量组、中能量组、高能量组,每组12只。中能量组按照中国肉羊饲养标准(NY/T816-2004)中的能量需要量设计饲喂日粮,能量水平为10.33MJ/d,低、高能量组处理是在中等能量水平的基础上分别减少或增加30%。饲喂37d后,屠宰取绵羊心脏、背最长肌和股二头肌组织样,用荧光定量PCR法对绵羊不同组织H-FABP mRNA表达量进行检测,分析不同能量水平对H-FABP mRNA含量的差异。同时取绵羊背最长肌和股二头肌组织样,应用常规分析方法测定肉品质的常规指标。试验结果如下:
1羊肉系水力、pH值、剪切力及肌间脂肪含量与日粮能量水平有关。中能量组失水率、pH值、剪切力与低能量组相比,差异均不显著(P>0.05)。高能量组失水率、pH值与中能量组相比,差异不显著(P>0.05)。高能量组失水率与低能量组差异极显著(P<0.01)。高能量组背最长肌pH值与低能量组差异显著(P<0.05);高能量组股二头肌pH值与低能量组差异极显著(P<0.01);高能量组背最长肌剪切力显著低于中、低能量组(P<0.01);高能量组股二头肌剪切力显著低于低能量组(P<0.01),高与中能量组差异不显著。低能量组背最长肌及股二头肌肌内脂肪含量极显著低于中、高能量组(P<0.01),中、高能组之间差异也极显著(P<0.01)。
2.不同组织中H-FABP mRNA含量均随着能量水平的提高而增加,背最长肌和股二头肌高、中、低能量水平之间差异均极显著(P<0.01)。高能量组心脏组织H-FABP mRNA含量极显著高于中、低能量组(P<0.01);中、低能量水平之间差异显著(P<0.05)。
3. H-FABP mRNA含量具有组织差异性。背最长肌和股二头肌之间H-FABP mRNA无显著差异(P>0.05),心脏组织中H-FABP mRNA含量极显著地高于背最长肌和股二头肌(P<0.01)。
Choose healthy disease-free, 4~5 months old , weight 25.4kg of hybrids lambs which were randomly divided into 3 groups of 12,including group A (low-energy group), group B(middle-energy group),group C (high-energy group). Group B was raised according to Chinese sheep raising standards (NY/T816-2004) design requirements in the diet of protein, the metabolic energy was 10.33 MJ / d, group A and group C based on middle-energy group on the reduction and increase of 30%,separately. After 37 days feeding, slaughtering sheep and taking heart, longissimus dorsi and biceps femoris muscle tissue samples, using real time quantitative PCR method to detect the expression of H-FABP mRNA in different tissues of sheep and analyze of different energy levels on the H-FABP mRNA content differences. At the same time, taking the longissimus and biceps femoris to determine the main indicators which affect the meat quality by conventional analysis methods. The results are as follows:
1.The department of water, pH value, shear force and intramuscular fat content is relevant to the level of dietary energy.Compared with the low-energy group,the loss rates of water, pH value and shear force of the the middle-energy group is not significantly difference(P>0.05).The difference of the loss rates of water and pH value between the high-energy group and the middle-energy group is not significantly. The loss rates of water between the high-energy group and the low-energy group is significantly difference(P<0.01).The pH value of longissimus between the high-energy group and the low-energy group is significantly difference(P<0.05); the pH value of biceps femoris muscle between the high-energy group and the low-energy group is significantly difference(P<0.01). The shear force of longissimus of the high-energy group is significantly lower than that of the middle-energy group and the low-energy group(P<0.01); the shear force of biceps femoris muscle of the high-energy group is significantly lower than that of the low-energy group(P<0.01),and there is on difference between the high-energy group and the middle-energy group. The intramuscular fat content of longissimus and biceps femoris muscle of the low-energy group is significantly lower than that of the middle-energy group and the high-energy group(P<0.01),and the difference between the middle-energy group and the high-energy group is also significantly different(P<0.01).
2.The content of H-FABP mRNA in different organism is rised as the energy level increased, it is significantly difference among the low-energy group, the middle-energy group and the high-energy group in longissimus and biceps femoris muscle(P<0.01). The content of H-FABP mRNA in cardiac tissue of the high-energy group is significantly higher than that of the low-energy group and the middle-energy group(P<0.01); it is significantly difference between the low-energy group and the middle-energy group(P<0.05)
3.The content of H-FABP mRNA is variability in different organism. The content of H-FABP mRNA is not significant difference in longissimus and biceps femoris muscle(P>0.05),but the content in cardiac tissue is significantly higher than in longissimus and biceps femoris muscle(P<0.01).
1羊肉系水力、pH值、剪切力及肌间脂肪含量与日粮能量水平有关。中能量组失水率、pH值、剪切力与低能量组相比,差异均不显著(P>0.05)。高能量组失水率、pH值与中能量组相比,差异不显著(P>0.05)。高能量组失水率与低能量组差异极显著(P<0.01)。高能量组背最长肌pH值与低能量组差异显著(P<0.05);高能量组股二头肌pH值与低能量组差异极显著(P<0.01);高能量组背最长肌剪切力显著低于中、低能量组(P<0.01);高能量组股二头肌剪切力显著低于低能量组(P<0.01),高与中能量组差异不显著。低能量组背最长肌及股二头肌肌内脂肪含量极显著低于中、高能量组(P<0.01),中、高能组之间差异也极显著(P<0.01)。
2.不同组织中H-FABP mRNA含量均随着能量水平的提高而增加,背最长肌和股二头肌高、中、低能量水平之间差异均极显著(P<0.01)。高能量组心脏组织H-FABP mRNA含量极显著高于中、低能量组(P<0.01);中、低能量水平之间差异显著(P<0.05)。
3. H-FABP mRNA含量具有组织差异性。背最长肌和股二头肌之间H-FABP mRNA无显著差异(P>0.05),心脏组织中H-FABP mRNA含量极显著地高于背最长肌和股二头肌(P<0.01)。
Choose healthy disease-free, 4~5 months old , weight 25.4kg of hybrids lambs which were randomly divided into 3 groups of 12,including group A (low-energy group), group B(middle-energy group),group C (high-energy group). Group B was raised according to Chinese sheep raising standards (NY/T816-2004) design requirements in the diet of protein, the metabolic energy was 10.33 MJ / d, group A and group C based on middle-energy group on the reduction and increase of 30%,separately. After 37 days feeding, slaughtering sheep and taking heart, longissimus dorsi and biceps femoris muscle tissue samples, using real time quantitative PCR method to detect the expression of H-FABP mRNA in different tissues of sheep and analyze of different energy levels on the H-FABP mRNA content differences. At the same time, taking the longissimus and biceps femoris to determine the main indicators which affect the meat quality by conventional analysis methods. The results are as follows:
1.The department of water, pH value, shear force and intramuscular fat content is relevant to the level of dietary energy.Compared with the low-energy group,the loss rates of water, pH value and shear force of the the middle-energy group is not significantly difference(P>0.05).The difference of the loss rates of water and pH value between the high-energy group and the middle-energy group is not significantly. The loss rates of water between the high-energy group and the low-energy group is significantly difference(P<0.01).The pH value of longissimus between the high-energy group and the low-energy group is significantly difference(P<0.05); the pH value of biceps femoris muscle between the high-energy group and the low-energy group is significantly difference(P<0.01). The shear force of longissimus of the high-energy group is significantly lower than that of the middle-energy group and the low-energy group(P<0.01); the shear force of biceps femoris muscle of the high-energy group is significantly lower than that of the low-energy group(P<0.01),and there is on difference between the high-energy group and the middle-energy group. The intramuscular fat content of longissimus and biceps femoris muscle of the low-energy group is significantly lower than that of the middle-energy group and the high-energy group(P<0.01),and the difference between the middle-energy group and the high-energy group is also significantly different(P<0.01).
2.The content of H-FABP mRNA in different organism is rised as the energy level increased, it is significantly difference among the low-energy group, the middle-energy group and the high-energy group in longissimus and biceps femoris muscle(P<0.01). The content of H-FABP mRNA in cardiac tissue of the high-energy group is significantly higher than that of the low-energy group and the middle-energy group(P<0.01); it is significantly difference between the low-energy group and the middle-energy group(P<0.05)
3.The content of H-FABP mRNA is variability in different organism. The content of H-FABP mRNA is not significant difference in longissimus and biceps femoris muscle(P>0.05),but the content in cardiac tissue is significantly higher than in longissimus and biceps femoris muscle(P<0.01).
引文
[1]Della Penna D.Nutritional genomics:manipulating plant micronutrients to improve human health[J].Science,1999,285:375-379.
[2]李宗付,张天伟,邓雪娟.营养基因组学研究及其在动物营养中的应用前景[J].饲料工业,2008,29(4):31-33.
[3]陈润生.关于改善猪肉品质研究的进展[J].国外畜牧科技.(3),1981:32-35.
[4]Wellington G H, Stouffer J R. Beef Marbling: Its Estimation and Influence on Tendemess and Juieiness[M].Cornell University Agricultural Experiment Station, New York State College of Agriculture, 1959.
[5]Gault N F S. The relationship between water-holding capaeity and cooked meat tendemess in some beef muscles as influenced by acidic conditions below the ultimate pH[J].Meat Science, 1985,15(1):15-30.
[6]Kim C J, Lee E S. Effects of quality grade on the chemieal, pHysical and sensory charaeteristies of Hanwoo (Korean native caltle) beef [J ].Meat Science,2003,63(3):397-405.
[7]陈润生.优质猪肉的指标及其度量方法[J].养猪业,2002,3:1-5.
[8]Wiebicki K, Kunkle L E. Deathrage F E.Food Technology.1975:69-73
[9]Honikel K O. Nutrition of Meat[M].The Netherlands,1987,127-142
[10]陈润生.国内外肌肉嫩度测定前处理方法的研究概述.猪肉品质参考资料汇编.1990,1-5
[11]Tchenor James D, Doris A, Kem P J D. Effect of slaughter weight and castration on ovine adipose fatty acids.J Anim.Sci.
[12]HUANG Zhi-Guo, XIONG Li, LIU Zhen-Shan, et al. The Development Changes and Effect on IMF Content of H-FABP and PPAR mRNA Expression in sheep Muscle. Acta Genetica Sinica, 2006,33(6): 507-514.
[13]Caneque V, Diaz M T, Alvarez I, Lauzurica S, Perez C, De la Fuente J. The influences of carcass weight and depot on the fatty acid composition of fats of suckling Manchego lambs. Meat Science, 2005, 70: 373-379.
[14]Russo C, Preziuso C,Casarosa L, Campodoni q Cianci D. Effect of diet energy source on the chemical-pHysical characteristics of meat and depot fat of lambs carcasses. Small Ruminant Research, 1999, 33: 77-85.
[15]蒋洪茂.优质牛肉生产新技术[M],北京:中国农业出版社,1995, 194-195.
[16]张克英,李学伟.维生素与矿物质对猪肉品质的影响[J].当代畜禽养殖业2003,2(1):39-40
[17]浦亚斌,马月辉.浅议提高我国绵羊肉生产能力的措施[J],2003-2004年全国养羊生产与学术研讨会议论文集,33-34
[18]张克英等.影响猪肉品质的主要因素[J]-四川农业大学学报,2002,20(1):67-74
[19]Goerl. Pork characteristics as affected by two populations of swine and six crude protein level [J].J.Anim.Sci.,1995,73:3 621-3 626
[20]张艳芳,卢德勋.日粮营养水平对猪肉品质的影响,饲料视角,2007,3:67-69
[21]Van Lack R LJ M.The effect of magnesium supplementation on pork quality [A].Ntional Pork Producers Counccil [C], DesMoines, IA,USA,1999
[22]侯永清,李绍钰.饲料中添加维生素E对畜禽肉质的影响[J].饲料博览,2001,9:30-32
[23]Mourot G, Lefaucheur J, Le Dividich J. MoninP.Influence of environmental temperature on growth, muscle and adipose tissue metabolism, and meat quality in swine [J].Anim Sci, Jul 1991; 69: 2844-2854.
[24]Duckett L R, Hunt S K, Kennington P, Feng F N. Effect of high-oil corn on growth performance, diet digestibility, and energy content of finishing diets fed to beef cattle[J]. Anim Sci, Sep 2000; 78: 2257-2262
[25]陈红跃,左福元.影响牛肉肉质的营养因素,[J]动物营养2004,21(1):47-49
[26]于福清.日粮硒水平对熟化过程中牛肉氧化稳定性和抗氧化酶活力的影[J]中国农业科学,2003,36,(2) :208-213
[27]Boleman S L. Efect of chromium picolinate on growth, body composition and tissue accretion in pigs [J].J.Anim.Sci.,1995,73:2033-2042
[28]Gerbens F J, Verburg HT, Van Moerkerk, et al. Associations of heart and adipocyte fatty acid-binding protein gene expression with intramuscular fat content in pigs [J]. Animal Science, 2001, (79):347-354.
[29]李祯,曹红鹤,储明星,等.中外11个猪种H-FABP基因PCR-RFLP的研究[J].畜牧兽医学报, 2003,34(4): 313-317.
[30]Peeters RA, Veerkamp JH, Geurts van Kessel A, et al. Cloning of the cDNA encoding human skeletal-muscle fatty-acid-binding protein, its peptide sequence and chromosomal localization [J]. Biochem J.1991, 276: 203-207.
[31]Bahary N, Zorich G, Pachter J E, et a1.Molecular genetic linkage maps of mous chromosomes 4 and 6[J].Genomics.1991,11(1):33-47.
[32]Pang W J. Relationship among H-FABP gene polymorpHism,intramuscular fat content, and lipid droplet content in main pig breeds with different genotypes in western China[J].Yi Chuan Xue Bao, 2006, 33(6): 515-524.
[33]Billich S, Wissel T, Kratzin H, et al. Cloning of a full length complementary DNA for fatty acid-binding protein from bovine heart [J]. Eur J Biochem, 1988, 175(3):549-556.
[34]Gerbens F J, Verburg HT, Van Moerkerk, et al. Associations of heart and adipocyte fatty acid-bindingprotein gene expression with intramuscular fat content in pigs [J]. Animal Science, 2001, (79):347-354.
[35]Calvo J H, Vaiman D, Saydi-Mehtar N. Characterization, genetic variation and chromosomal assignment to sheep chromosome 2 of the ovine heart fatty acid-binding protein gene(FABP3) [J]. Cytogenet Genome Research, 2002, 98:270-273.
[36]Haunerland NH. Fatty acid binding protein in locust and mammalian muscle. Comparison of structure, function and regulation [J]. Comp Biochem PHysio1, 1994, 109(2-3):199-208.
[37]Haunerland NH, Spener F. Fatty acid-binding proteins-insights from genetic manipulations [J]. Prog Lipid Res, 2004, 43(4):328-349.
[38]Binas B, Danneberg H, McWhir J, et al. Requirement for the heart-type fatty acid binding protein in cardiac fatty acid utilization [J].FASEB,1999,13(8):805-812.
[39]Schaap FG, Binas B, Danneberg H, et al. Impaired long-chain fatty acid utilization by cardiac myocytes isolated from mice lacking the heart-type fatty acid binding protein gene [J]. Circ Res, 1999, 85(4):329-337.
[40]Li C L,Pan Y C. Distribution of polymorpHism of H-FABP, MC4R, ADD1 gene, associated with IM and BF in three population in pig[J]. Yi Chuan, 2006, 25(2): 159-164.
[41]叶满红.鸡脂肪酸结合蛋白基因的克隆及其与肌内脂肪含量的关系[D].北京:中国农业科学院,2003.
[42]Fischer H, Gustafsson T, Sundberg C J, et al. Fatty acid binding protein 4 in human skeletal muscle [J].BBRC,2006,346:125-130.
[43]Paulussen RJ,Geelen MJ, Beynen AC, et al. Immunochemical quantitation of fatty-acid-binding proteins .I. Tissue and intracellular distribution, postnatal development and influence of pHysiologyical conditions on rat heart and liver FABP [J]. Biochim BiopHys Acta, 1989, 1001(2):201-209.
[44]Treuner M, Kozak CA, Gallahan D, et al. Cloning and characterization of the mouse gene encoding mammary-derived growth inhibitor/heart fatty acid-binding protein [J]. Gene. 1994, 147(2):237-242.
[45]Paulussen RJ, van Moerkerk HT, Veerkamp JH. Immunochemical quantitation of fatty acid-binding proteins. Tissue distribution of liver and heart FABP types in human and porcine tissues [J]. Int. J. Biochem. 1990, 22(4):393-398.
[46]Norbert H, Haunerland, Friedrich Spener. Fatty acid-binding proteins-insights from genetic manipulations [J]. Progress in Lipid Research, 2004, 43:328-349.
[47]Binas B,Danneberg H, McWhir J, Mullins L, et a1.Requirement for the heart-type fatty acid binding protein in cardiac fatty acid utilization[J]. FASEB J.1999, 13:805-812.
[48]Schap F G. Fatty acid-binding proteins in the heart [J]. Molecular Cell Biochemistry, 1998, 80: 43-51.
[49]Gerbens F,Handers F L,Verburg F J,et al.Effect of genetic variants of the heart fatty acid-binding protein gene on intramuscular fat and performance traits in pig[J].Anim Sci,1999,77(4):846-852.
[50]Gerbens F J, Verburg HT, Van Moerkerk, et al. Associations of heart and adipocyte fatty acid-bindingprotein gene expression with intramuscular fat content in pigs [J]. Animal Science, 2001, 79: 347-354.
[51]M Arnyas,i E Grindflek, JavorA, et a.l Investigation of two candidate genes formeat quality traits in a quantitative trait locus region on SSC6: the porcine short heterodimer partner and heart fatty acid binding protein genes [J]. Journal ofAnimal Breeding and Genetics, 2006, 123(3): 198-203.
[52]王存芳.猪H-FABP和A-FABP基因的多态性及其与肌内脂肪性状关系的研究[D].泰安:山东农业大学,2002.
[53]林万华,任军,丁能水,等. H-FABP基因型对二花脸猪相关性状影响的初步分析[J].畜牧兽医学报,2003,34(4):318-324.
[54]梅书棋,彭先文,李勇,等.心脏型脂肪酸结合蛋白基因多态性在湖北白猪中的初步研究[J].华中农业大学学报,2004,23(2):227-229.
[55]庞卫军,杨公社.8个猪种和野猪H-FABP基因分子标记与IMF含量的关系[J].农业生物技术学报,2005,13(6):733-738.
[56]李长龙,潘玉春,孟和等.H-FABP、MC4R、ADD1基因多态性在3个猪群中分布及其与肌内脂肪和背膘的相关研究[J].遗传,2006,28(2):159-164.
[57]罗献梅,陈代文,张克英.不同品种猪肌肉组织心型脂肪酸结合蛋白基因的表达差异[J].畜牧兽医学报,2006,37(7),727-730.
[58]叶满红.鸡脂肪酸结合蛋白基因的克隆及其与肌内脂肪含量的关系[D].北京:中国农业科学院,2003.
[59]潘爱銮,皮劲松,梁振华,等.鸡H-FABP基因多态性研究[J].湖北农业科学,2005,5:20-22.
[60]李文娟,李宏宾鸡H-FABP和A-FABP基因表达与肌内脂肪含量相关研究[J].畜牧兽医学报,2006,37(5),417-423.
[61]李武峰,许尚忠,曹红鹤,等.3个杂交牛种H-FABP基因第二内含子的遗传变异与肉品质性状的相关分析[J].畜牧兽医学报,2004,35(3):252-255.
[62]李志才,易康乐.湘西黄牛的H-FABP基因对大理石花纹和肌内脂肪含量相关性分析[J].中国牛业科学,2010 ,36 (1) :1-4.
[63]李兴芳,柏学进,龚宜超,等.渤海黑牛H2FABP基因外显子2的序列测定与分析[J].安徽农业科学, 2009, 37 (10) : 4436– 4438.
[64]刑成峰.牦牛LPL和H-FABP基因多态与生长发育性状相关性研究[D].北京:中国农业科学院,2009.
[65]HUANG Zhi-Guo,XIONG Li.The Developmental Changes and Effect on IMF Content of H-FABP and PPARγmRNA Expression in Sheep Muscle[J]. Acta Genetica Sinica,June 2006,33(6):507-514.
[66]郝称莉,李齐发等.湖羊肌肉组织H-FABP和PPARY基因表达水平与肌肉脂肪含量的相关研究[J].中国农业科学2008,41(11):3776-3783.
[67]康康.蒙古羊和滩羊H-PABP基因、PPAR-γ基因与IMF的变化规律及其相关性研究[D].杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2008.
[68]乔海云,赵倩君,姚娜等.绵羊H-FABP基因单核苷酸多态性的研究[J].遗传,2009,31(7): 725-731.
[69].青清富.猪生长轴有关激素和受体基因在肝脏和肌肉上表达的发育性变化及调控.南京农业大学博士论文.2002.4.
[70].张望.荧光实时定量PCR.友术匆探全希科学若势,2003, 1 (4 ): 1-28.
[71]燕凤.绵羊CAPN1、CAST基因mRNA的发育性表达规律及其对肉品质的影响[D].西北农林科技大学:2008.
[72]张勇,李方方,朱宇旌,等.日粮不同蛋白质水平对猪骨骼肌钙蛋白酶抑制蛋白和钙蛋白酶基因表达及嫩度的影响[J].动物营养学报,2008,20(3):360-365.
[73]冯涛.日粮蛋白质水平对舍饲羔羊育肥性能及肉品质影响的研究[D].西北农林科技大学:2005
[74]Zhang Xi, Zhao Su-mei, Ge Chang-rong,et al. Effects of Dietary Digestible Energy Levels on Meat Quality inWujinPig[J].动物营养学报,2008,20(4):377-387.
[75]方立超,宋代军,阚宁等.饲粮能量和蛋白质水平对肉鸡肉质的影响[J].2002.15(3):98-104.
[76]郭亮,王治华.营养水平对荷斯坦肥育牛胴体品质及肉品质量的影响[J].中国兽医学报,2008,28(10):1225-1228.
[77]曾勇庆,孙玉民,王慧.青山羊肉品理化形状及其食用品质的研究[J].山东农业大学学报,1999,30(40):384-389.
[78]赵国芬、赵志恭、敖长金等.沙葱和油料籽实对羊肉品质常规指标的影响[J].饲料工业,2007,28(15):39-42.
[79]Matthews J O, Higbie A D, Southern L L, et al. Effect of chromium propionate and metabolizable energy on growth,carcass traits,and pork quality of growing-finishing pigs [J]. Anim. Sci, 2003, 81:191-196.
[80]Patrici A. Eating quality of pork in Denmark [J]. Pig Farming(supple- ment ) ,1985(10):56-57.
[81]王桂玲,黄东阳,刘戈飞.一种从动物组织中提取高质量总RNA的方法[J].生命科学研究,2003,7(3):275-278.
[82]白纪刚,吕毅,王浩华等.实验用猪胰腺和小肠组织总RNA提取及鉴定[J].陕西医学杂志,2005,34(10):1182-1184.
[83]林万华,任军,丁能水,等. H-FABP基因型对二花脸猪相关性状影响的初步分析[J].畜牧兽医学报, 2003, 34(4):318-324.
[84]李长龙,潘玉春,孟和等.H-FABP、MC4R、ADD1基因多态性在3个猪群中分布及其与肌内脂肪和背膘的相关研究[J].2006(2): 159-164.
[85]郝称莉,李齐发,乔永等.湖羊肌肉组织H-FABP和PPARγ基因表达水平与肌内脂肪含量的相关研究[J].中国农业科学2008,41(11):3776-3783.
[86]罗献梅,余冰,陈代文.能量水平和能量来源对猪脂肪代谢、H-FABP基因表达和肉质的影响.中国畜牧兽医学会动物营养学分会第十次学术研讨会论文集[C].2008年.
[87]黄河,帅素容.藏猪心脏脂肪酸结合蛋白基因(H-FABP)组织表达差异性研究[J].2007,25(4):480-483.
[2]李宗付,张天伟,邓雪娟.营养基因组学研究及其在动物营养中的应用前景[J].饲料工业,2008,29(4):31-33.
[3]陈润生.关于改善猪肉品质研究的进展[J].国外畜牧科技.(3),1981:32-35.
[4]Wellington G H, Stouffer J R. Beef Marbling: Its Estimation and Influence on Tendemess and Juieiness[M].Cornell University Agricultural Experiment Station, New York State College of Agriculture, 1959.
[5]Gault N F S. The relationship between water-holding capaeity and cooked meat tendemess in some beef muscles as influenced by acidic conditions below the ultimate pH[J].Meat Science, 1985,15(1):15-30.
[6]Kim C J, Lee E S. Effects of quality grade on the chemieal, pHysical and sensory charaeteristies of Hanwoo (Korean native caltle) beef [J ].Meat Science,2003,63(3):397-405.
[7]陈润生.优质猪肉的指标及其度量方法[J].养猪业,2002,3:1-5.
[8]Wiebicki K, Kunkle L E. Deathrage F E.Food Technology.1975:69-73
[9]Honikel K O. Nutrition of Meat[M].The Netherlands,1987,127-142
[10]陈润生.国内外肌肉嫩度测定前处理方法的研究概述.猪肉品质参考资料汇编.1990,1-5
[11]Tchenor James D, Doris A, Kem P J D. Effect of slaughter weight and castration on ovine adipose fatty acids.J Anim.Sci.
[12]HUANG Zhi-Guo, XIONG Li, LIU Zhen-Shan, et al. The Development Changes and Effect on IMF Content of H-FABP and PPAR mRNA Expression in sheep Muscle. Acta Genetica Sinica, 2006,33(6): 507-514.
[13]Caneque V, Diaz M T, Alvarez I, Lauzurica S, Perez C, De la Fuente J. The influences of carcass weight and depot on the fatty acid composition of fats of suckling Manchego lambs. Meat Science, 2005, 70: 373-379.
[14]Russo C, Preziuso C,Casarosa L, Campodoni q Cianci D. Effect of diet energy source on the chemical-pHysical characteristics of meat and depot fat of lambs carcasses. Small Ruminant Research, 1999, 33: 77-85.
[15]蒋洪茂.优质牛肉生产新技术[M],北京:中国农业出版社,1995, 194-195.
[16]张克英,李学伟.维生素与矿物质对猪肉品质的影响[J].当代畜禽养殖业2003,2(1):39-40
[17]浦亚斌,马月辉.浅议提高我国绵羊肉生产能力的措施[J],2003-2004年全国养羊生产与学术研讨会议论文集,33-34
[18]张克英等.影响猪肉品质的主要因素[J]-四川农业大学学报,2002,20(1):67-74
[19]Goerl. Pork characteristics as affected by two populations of swine and six crude protein level [J].J.Anim.Sci.,1995,73:3 621-3 626
[20]张艳芳,卢德勋.日粮营养水平对猪肉品质的影响,饲料视角,2007,3:67-69
[21]Van Lack R LJ M.The effect of magnesium supplementation on pork quality [A].Ntional Pork Producers Counccil [C], DesMoines, IA,USA,1999
[22]侯永清,李绍钰.饲料中添加维生素E对畜禽肉质的影响[J].饲料博览,2001,9:30-32
[23]Mourot G, Lefaucheur J, Le Dividich J. MoninP.Influence of environmental temperature on growth, muscle and adipose tissue metabolism, and meat quality in swine [J].Anim Sci, Jul 1991; 69: 2844-2854.
[24]Duckett L R, Hunt S K, Kennington P, Feng F N. Effect of high-oil corn on growth performance, diet digestibility, and energy content of finishing diets fed to beef cattle[J]. Anim Sci, Sep 2000; 78: 2257-2262
[25]陈红跃,左福元.影响牛肉肉质的营养因素,[J]动物营养2004,21(1):47-49
[26]于福清.日粮硒水平对熟化过程中牛肉氧化稳定性和抗氧化酶活力的影[J]中国农业科学,2003,36,(2) :208-213
[27]Boleman S L. Efect of chromium picolinate on growth, body composition and tissue accretion in pigs [J].J.Anim.Sci.,1995,73:2033-2042
[28]Gerbens F J, Verburg HT, Van Moerkerk, et al. Associations of heart and adipocyte fatty acid-binding protein gene expression with intramuscular fat content in pigs [J]. Animal Science, 2001, (79):347-354.
[29]李祯,曹红鹤,储明星,等.中外11个猪种H-FABP基因PCR-RFLP的研究[J].畜牧兽医学报, 2003,34(4): 313-317.
[30]Peeters RA, Veerkamp JH, Geurts van Kessel A, et al. Cloning of the cDNA encoding human skeletal-muscle fatty-acid-binding protein, its peptide sequence and chromosomal localization [J]. Biochem J.1991, 276: 203-207.
[31]Bahary N, Zorich G, Pachter J E, et a1.Molecular genetic linkage maps of mous chromosomes 4 and 6[J].Genomics.1991,11(1):33-47.
[32]Pang W J. Relationship among H-FABP gene polymorpHism,intramuscular fat content, and lipid droplet content in main pig breeds with different genotypes in western China[J].Yi Chuan Xue Bao, 2006, 33(6): 515-524.
[33]Billich S, Wissel T, Kratzin H, et al. Cloning of a full length complementary DNA for fatty acid-binding protein from bovine heart [J]. Eur J Biochem, 1988, 175(3):549-556.
[34]Gerbens F J, Verburg HT, Van Moerkerk, et al. Associations of heart and adipocyte fatty acid-bindingprotein gene expression with intramuscular fat content in pigs [J]. Animal Science, 2001, (79):347-354.
[35]Calvo J H, Vaiman D, Saydi-Mehtar N. Characterization, genetic variation and chromosomal assignment to sheep chromosome 2 of the ovine heart fatty acid-binding protein gene(FABP3) [J]. Cytogenet Genome Research, 2002, 98:270-273.
[36]Haunerland NH. Fatty acid binding protein in locust and mammalian muscle. Comparison of structure, function and regulation [J]. Comp Biochem PHysio1, 1994, 109(2-3):199-208.
[37]Haunerland NH, Spener F. Fatty acid-binding proteins-insights from genetic manipulations [J]. Prog Lipid Res, 2004, 43(4):328-349.
[38]Binas B, Danneberg H, McWhir J, et al. Requirement for the heart-type fatty acid binding protein in cardiac fatty acid utilization [J].FASEB,1999,13(8):805-812.
[39]Schaap FG, Binas B, Danneberg H, et al. Impaired long-chain fatty acid utilization by cardiac myocytes isolated from mice lacking the heart-type fatty acid binding protein gene [J]. Circ Res, 1999, 85(4):329-337.
[40]Li C L,Pan Y C. Distribution of polymorpHism of H-FABP, MC4R, ADD1 gene, associated with IM and BF in three population in pig[J]. Yi Chuan, 2006, 25(2): 159-164.
[41]叶满红.鸡脂肪酸结合蛋白基因的克隆及其与肌内脂肪含量的关系[D].北京:中国农业科学院,2003.
[42]Fischer H, Gustafsson T, Sundberg C J, et al. Fatty acid binding protein 4 in human skeletal muscle [J].BBRC,2006,346:125-130.
[43]Paulussen RJ,Geelen MJ, Beynen AC, et al. Immunochemical quantitation of fatty-acid-binding proteins .I. Tissue and intracellular distribution, postnatal development and influence of pHysiologyical conditions on rat heart and liver FABP [J]. Biochim BiopHys Acta, 1989, 1001(2):201-209.
[44]Treuner M, Kozak CA, Gallahan D, et al. Cloning and characterization of the mouse gene encoding mammary-derived growth inhibitor/heart fatty acid-binding protein [J]. Gene. 1994, 147(2):237-242.
[45]Paulussen RJ, van Moerkerk HT, Veerkamp JH. Immunochemical quantitation of fatty acid-binding proteins. Tissue distribution of liver and heart FABP types in human and porcine tissues [J]. Int. J. Biochem. 1990, 22(4):393-398.
[46]Norbert H, Haunerland, Friedrich Spener. Fatty acid-binding proteins-insights from genetic manipulations [J]. Progress in Lipid Research, 2004, 43:328-349.
[47]Binas B,Danneberg H, McWhir J, Mullins L, et a1.Requirement for the heart-type fatty acid binding protein in cardiac fatty acid utilization[J]. FASEB J.1999, 13:805-812.
[48]Schap F G. Fatty acid-binding proteins in the heart [J]. Molecular Cell Biochemistry, 1998, 80: 43-51.
[49]Gerbens F,Handers F L,Verburg F J,et al.Effect of genetic variants of the heart fatty acid-binding protein gene on intramuscular fat and performance traits in pig[J].Anim Sci,1999,77(4):846-852.
[50]Gerbens F J, Verburg HT, Van Moerkerk, et al. Associations of heart and adipocyte fatty acid-bindingprotein gene expression with intramuscular fat content in pigs [J]. Animal Science, 2001, 79: 347-354.
[51]M Arnyas,i E Grindflek, JavorA, et a.l Investigation of two candidate genes formeat quality traits in a quantitative trait locus region on SSC6: the porcine short heterodimer partner and heart fatty acid binding protein genes [J]. Journal ofAnimal Breeding and Genetics, 2006, 123(3): 198-203.
[52]王存芳.猪H-FABP和A-FABP基因的多态性及其与肌内脂肪性状关系的研究[D].泰安:山东农业大学,2002.
[53]林万华,任军,丁能水,等. H-FABP基因型对二花脸猪相关性状影响的初步分析[J].畜牧兽医学报,2003,34(4):318-324.
[54]梅书棋,彭先文,李勇,等.心脏型脂肪酸结合蛋白基因多态性在湖北白猪中的初步研究[J].华中农业大学学报,2004,23(2):227-229.
[55]庞卫军,杨公社.8个猪种和野猪H-FABP基因分子标记与IMF含量的关系[J].农业生物技术学报,2005,13(6):733-738.
[56]李长龙,潘玉春,孟和等.H-FABP、MC4R、ADD1基因多态性在3个猪群中分布及其与肌内脂肪和背膘的相关研究[J].遗传,2006,28(2):159-164.
[57]罗献梅,陈代文,张克英.不同品种猪肌肉组织心型脂肪酸结合蛋白基因的表达差异[J].畜牧兽医学报,2006,37(7),727-730.
[58]叶满红.鸡脂肪酸结合蛋白基因的克隆及其与肌内脂肪含量的关系[D].北京:中国农业科学院,2003.
[59]潘爱銮,皮劲松,梁振华,等.鸡H-FABP基因多态性研究[J].湖北农业科学,2005,5:20-22.
[60]李文娟,李宏宾鸡H-FABP和A-FABP基因表达与肌内脂肪含量相关研究[J].畜牧兽医学报,2006,37(5),417-423.
[61]李武峰,许尚忠,曹红鹤,等.3个杂交牛种H-FABP基因第二内含子的遗传变异与肉品质性状的相关分析[J].畜牧兽医学报,2004,35(3):252-255.
[62]李志才,易康乐.湘西黄牛的H-FABP基因对大理石花纹和肌内脂肪含量相关性分析[J].中国牛业科学,2010 ,36 (1) :1-4.
[63]李兴芳,柏学进,龚宜超,等.渤海黑牛H2FABP基因外显子2的序列测定与分析[J].安徽农业科学, 2009, 37 (10) : 4436– 4438.
[64]刑成峰.牦牛LPL和H-FABP基因多态与生长发育性状相关性研究[D].北京:中国农业科学院,2009.
[65]HUANG Zhi-Guo,XIONG Li.The Developmental Changes and Effect on IMF Content of H-FABP and PPARγmRNA Expression in Sheep Muscle[J]. Acta Genetica Sinica,June 2006,33(6):507-514.
[66]郝称莉,李齐发等.湖羊肌肉组织H-FABP和PPARY基因表达水平与肌肉脂肪含量的相关研究[J].中国农业科学2008,41(11):3776-3783.
[67]康康.蒙古羊和滩羊H-PABP基因、PPAR-γ基因与IMF的变化规律及其相关性研究[D].杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2008.
[68]乔海云,赵倩君,姚娜等.绵羊H-FABP基因单核苷酸多态性的研究[J].遗传,2009,31(7): 725-731.
[69].青清富.猪生长轴有关激素和受体基因在肝脏和肌肉上表达的发育性变化及调控.南京农业大学博士论文.2002.4.
[70].张望.荧光实时定量PCR.友术匆探全希科学若势,2003, 1 (4 ): 1-28.
[71]燕凤.绵羊CAPN1、CAST基因mRNA的发育性表达规律及其对肉品质的影响[D].西北农林科技大学:2008.
[72]张勇,李方方,朱宇旌,等.日粮不同蛋白质水平对猪骨骼肌钙蛋白酶抑制蛋白和钙蛋白酶基因表达及嫩度的影响[J].动物营养学报,2008,20(3):360-365.
[73]冯涛.日粮蛋白质水平对舍饲羔羊育肥性能及肉品质影响的研究[D].西北农林科技大学:2005
[74]Zhang Xi, Zhao Su-mei, Ge Chang-rong,et al. Effects of Dietary Digestible Energy Levels on Meat Quality inWujinPig[J].动物营养学报,2008,20(4):377-387.
[75]方立超,宋代军,阚宁等.饲粮能量和蛋白质水平对肉鸡肉质的影响[J].2002.15(3):98-104.
[76]郭亮,王治华.营养水平对荷斯坦肥育牛胴体品质及肉品质量的影响[J].中国兽医学报,2008,28(10):1225-1228.
[77]曾勇庆,孙玉民,王慧.青山羊肉品理化形状及其食用品质的研究[J].山东农业大学学报,1999,30(40):384-389.
[78]赵国芬、赵志恭、敖长金等.沙葱和油料籽实对羊肉品质常规指标的影响[J].饲料工业,2007,28(15):39-42.
[79]Matthews J O, Higbie A D, Southern L L, et al. Effect of chromium propionate and metabolizable energy on growth,carcass traits,and pork quality of growing-finishing pigs [J]. Anim. Sci, 2003, 81:191-196.
[80]Patrici A. Eating quality of pork in Denmark [J]. Pig Farming(supple- ment ) ,1985(10):56-57.
[81]王桂玲,黄东阳,刘戈飞.一种从动物组织中提取高质量总RNA的方法[J].生命科学研究,2003,7(3):275-278.
[82]白纪刚,吕毅,王浩华等.实验用猪胰腺和小肠组织总RNA提取及鉴定[J].陕西医学杂志,2005,34(10):1182-1184.
[83]林万华,任军,丁能水,等. H-FABP基因型对二花脸猪相关性状影响的初步分析[J].畜牧兽医学报, 2003, 34(4):318-324.
[84]李长龙,潘玉春,孟和等.H-FABP、MC4R、ADD1基因多态性在3个猪群中分布及其与肌内脂肪和背膘的相关研究[J].2006(2): 159-164.
[85]郝称莉,李齐发,乔永等.湖羊肌肉组织H-FABP和PPARγ基因表达水平与肌内脂肪含量的相关研究[J].中国农业科学2008,41(11):3776-3783.
[86]罗献梅,余冰,陈代文.能量水平和能量来源对猪脂肪代谢、H-FABP基因表达和肉质的影响.中国畜牧兽医学会动物营养学分会第十次学术研讨会论文集[C].2008年.
[87]黄河,帅素容.藏猪心脏脂肪酸结合蛋白基因(H-FABP)组织表达差异性研究[J].2007,25(4):480-483.