稻田土壤优先流及其对氮肥运移的影响研究
摘要
引文
1. WHITE R E Transport of chloride and non-diffusible in soils[J], Irrig sci, 1985,6:3-10
2．倪余文、区自清，土壤优先水流及污染物优先迁移的研究进展，土壤与环境，2000，9(1)：60-63
3．刘亚平、陈川，土壤非饱和带中的优先流 水科学进展 1996，7(1)：85-89
4. Beven K Germann P. Macropres and Water flow in aoils. Water Resour Res.,1982, 18(5):1311-1325
5. Marshall T J. Relations between waler and soil. Tech. Comm, 1959, 50, Commonwealth Bur Soils, U. K.
6. Zein el Abedine, A., and Glenn h. Robinson. 1971. A study on cracking in some vertisols of the sudan. Geoderma. 5:-229-241
7. Franzmeier, D.P., and S. J. Ross, JR. Soil swelling: laboratory measurement and relation to other soil properties. Soil Sci. Am. Proc, 1968, 32:573-577
8. McCormack, D.E., and L. P. Wilding. 1975. Soil properties influencing swelling in Canfield and Geeburg Soils. Soil Sci. Am. Proc. 39: 496-502
9. Schafer, Willam M,. and Michael J. Singer. 1976. Influence of physical and mineralogical properties on Swelling of soil in Yolo Country, California. Soil Sci. Am. J. 40:557-562
10. Dasog, G.S. et al. Shring-swell potential and cracking in clay soil of Saskatchewan. Can. J. Soil Science. 1988, 68: 251-260
11. Greene-Kelly, R. 1974. Shrinage of clay soils: A statistical correlation with other soil properties. Geoderma. 11: 243-257
12. Magnus Person etal., Modeling plot scale dye penetration by a diffusion limited aggregation(DLA)model. Journal of Hydrology
13．程竹华、张佳宝，徐绍辉．黄淮海平原三种土壤中优势现象的试验研究 土壤学报，1999，36(2)：154—161
14．区自清、贾良清等，大孔隙和优先流及其对污染物在土壤中迁移行为的影响，土壤学报，1999，36(3)：341—346
15. Beven. K and P. Germann. Water flow in soil macropores Ⅱ a combined flow model. Journel of Soil Science, 1981,32: 15-29
16. Jun Lu., and Taiichiro Ookawa. 2000. The effect of irrigation regimes on the water use, dry matter production and qhysiological responses of paddy rice. Plant and Soil, 223: 207-216
17. Vandenbygaart A.J., R. Potz. Changes in pore strcture in a no-till chronosequence of silt looam soil, Southern Ontario, Canadian Journal of Soil Science, 1999,149-160
18. Y Liu, T S Steenhuis, J—Y Parlances. and J S Selker. Hysteretic finger Phenomena in dry and wetted sands. Proceedings of the American Society of Agriculrural Engineers National Sym posium on Preferentisl Flow. Chicago, IL.,U S A., Dec. 16—17,1991,160—170
19. Y Liu, B Bierck. J S Selker, T S SteenhuiS, and J-Y PaRLanGe. High intensiry x-ray and ren-siometer measurements in rapidly changing preferential flow filds.slil Science Society American Journal. 1993, 57: 1188—1192
20. C Raats.Unstable wetting fronts in unlform and nonuniform soils. Soil Science Society American Proceeding. 1973,37: 681-685
21. Philip. Stabiliry analysis of infiltration. Soil Science Society American Proceeding, 1975,39: 1042-105
22. Y Parlange and D E Hill. Thcoretical analysis of wetting front instability in soils. Soil Sci-ence. 1976,122(4): 236—239
23. R J Glass, J-Y parlange, and T S Steenhuis. Wetting front insrability 1, theoretical discus-sion and dimensional analysis. water Resources Research. 1989,25(6): 1187—1194
24. K-J S Kung,J Boll,J S Selker, W F Ritter, and T S Steenhuis. Use of ground penetrating radar to improve water quality monitoring in the vadose zone. Proceedings of the American Society of Agricultural Engineers National Symposium on Preferential Flow, Chicago.IL.Dec. 16-17.1991: 142-149
25．冯杰、郝振纯，水及溶质在有大孔隙的土壤中运移机制研究进展，河海大
学学报，2002，30(2)：63—70
26.Dexter A R. Intemal structure of tilled soil [J].J Soil Sci, 1976,27:267-278
27.Venneul V R, Istok J D, Flint A L, et al. An improved method for quantifying soil macro porosity [J].Soil Sci Soc Am J, 1993, 57:809—816
28.Piyush Singh, Kanwar R S, Macropore characterization for two tillage systems using resin impregnation technique [J].Soil Sci Soc An J, 1991,55: 1674-1679
29.Whlers W, Kokpke U, Hesse F, et al. penetration resistance and root growth of oats in tilled and un-tilled loose soil [J]. soil Tillage Res, 1983,3(2): 261-275
30.Edwards W M,Norton L D,Redmond C E.Characterizing macropores that affect infiltration into nontilled soil[J].Soil Sci Soc Am J,1988,52(2): 483-487
31.Logsdon S D, Allmaras R R, Wu L, et el。Macroporosity and its relation to saturated hydraulic conductivity under different tillage practiced[J].Soil Sci Soc Am J, 1990,54(4): 1096-1101
32.Omoti U, Wild A, Use of fluorescent dyes to mark the pathways of soils under leaching condition,2,Field experiment[J].Soil Sci, 1978,128: 98-104
33.Bouma J, Wosten J, Flow pattems during extended saturated flow in two unsaturated swelling clay soils with different macrostructures [J].Soil Sci Soc Am J,1979,43: 16-22
34.Flury M, Fluhler H, Susceptibility of soils to preferential flow of Water: a field gtudy [J].Water Resour res, 1994,30:1945-1954
35.Radulovich R, Solorzano E, Sollins P, Soil macropore size distribution from water breakthrough curves[J].Soil Sci Soc Am J, 1986,50(30): 578-582
36.Watson K M, Luxmoore R J. Estimating macroporosity in a forest watershed by use of a tension infiltrometer [J].Soil Sci Soc Am J,1986,50(3): 578-582
37.Wilson G V, Luxmoore R J, Infiltration macroporotity and mesoporosity distribution on two watersheds[J].Soil Sci Soc Am J,1988,52: 329-335
38.Wamer G S, Nieber J L, Moore I D, et al, Characterizing Macropores in soil by computed tomography [J].Soil Sci Am J, 1989,53:653-660
39.Anderson S H, Peyton R L, Gantzer C J, evaluation of constructed and natural
soil macropores using X-ray computed tomography [J].Gederma, 1990,46: 13-29
40. Peydon R L, Anderson S H, Gantzer C J, Applying X-rya CT to meaure macropore diameters in undisturbed soil cores[J].Geoderma, 1992,53: 329-340
41. Peyton R L, Gantzer C J, Anderson S H, et al, Fractal dimension to describe soil macropore structure using X-ray computed tomography [J].Soil Sci Soc Am J,1996,60: 1718-1724
42. Zeng Y, Gantzer C J, Payton r L, et al. Fractal dimension and lacunarity determined with X-ray computed tomgoraphy [J].Soil Sci Soc Am J,1996,60: 1781-1724
43．冯杰、郝振纯．CT扫描确定土壤大孔隙分布，水科学进展，2002，13(5)：611-617
44．郝振纯、冯杰．两种土壤大孔隙分布的比较．．水文地址工程地址，2002，2：1-5，24
45．冯杰、郝振纯．CT在土壤大孔隙研究中的应用评述．灌溉排水，2000，19(3)：71-76
46. Freeland R R, Yoder R R, Ammons D T. Observing preferential flow paths beneath west Tennessee's loess terrains using ground penetrating radar[J].Tennessee Agri Science, 1997,181: 51-56
47. Freeland R R, Yoder R R, Ammons D T. Observing preferential flow paths beneath west Tennessee's loess terrains using ground penetrating radar[J].Tennessee Agri Science, 1997,181: 51-56
48. Piyush Singh, Kanwar R S. Preferential solute transport through macropores in large undisturbed saturated soil columns [J].J Environ Qual, 1991,20:: 95-300
49. Li Yimin, Masoud Ghodrati.preferential trsnsport of solute through soil columns containing constructed macropores [J]. Soil Sci Soc Am J, 1997,61: 1308-1317
50. Edwards W M, Shipitalo M J , Dick W A, et al. Rainfall intensity affects transport of water and chemicals through macropores in no-till soil [J]. Soil Sci
Soc Am J, 1992,56: 52-58
51.Shipitalo M J, Edwards W M, Dick W A, et al. Initial storm effects on macropore transport of surface-applied chemicals in nontilled Soil [J]. Soil Sci Soc Am J, 1990,54: 1530-1536
52.Shipitalo M J, Edwards W M. Effects of initial water content on macropore matrix flow and transport of surface-applied chemical [J]. J Environ Qual, 1996,25: 662-670
53.Leaney F W, Smettem K R J, Chittleborough D J. Estimating The contribution of preferential flow to subsurface runoff from a hillslope using deuterium and chloride [J]. J Hydrol,1993,147: 83-103
54.Espeby, Bengt, Tracing the origin of natural waters in a glacial till slope during snowmelt [J], J Hydrol, 1990,118: 107-127
55.Brakensiek D L, Rawls W J, Longsdon S D. Fractal description of macroporosity [J]. Soil Sci Soc Am J, 1992,56: 1721-1723
56.Rawls W J, Brakensiek D L, Longdon S D. Estimation of macropore properties for nontilled soils [J], Soil Sci Soc Am J, 1993,57:1193-1197
57.Rawls W J, Brakensiek D L, Longsdon S D. Estimation of macropore properties for nontilled soils [J]. Transactions of the ASAE, 1995,39(1): 91-95
58.Van Genuchten M T, Wierenga P J. Mass transfer studies in sorbing porous media, Ⅰ. Analytical solutions [J]. Soil Sci Soc Am J, 1976,40: 473-480
59.Van Genuchten M T, Wierenga P J. Mass transfer studies in sorbing porous media, Ⅱ. Expermental evaluation with tritium (~3H_2O) [J]. 1981, 45: 837-842
60.Skopp J, Gardner W R, Tyler E E, Solute Movement in structured soils: two-region model with small interaction [j]. Soil Sci Soc Am J, 1981, 45: 87-842
61.Gerke H H, Van Genuchten M T. A dual-porosity ,odel for simulating the preferential movement of water and solutes in structured porous media [J], Water Resour Res, 1993,29: 305-319
62.Gerke H J, Van Genuchten M T. Evaluation of a frist-order water transfer term for variably saturated dual-porosity flow models [J]. Water Resour Res,
1993,29: 305-319
63.Jarvis N J, Janseon P E, Dik P E, et el. Modeling water and solute transport in macroporous soil, Ⅰ. model description and sensitivity analysis [J]. J Soil Sci, 1991,42: 59-70
64.Jarvis N J, Bergstrom L, Dik P E, Modeling water and solute transport in macroporous soil, Ⅱ. Chloride breakthrough under non-steady flow [J]. J Soil Sci, 1991,42: 59-70
65.Chittaranjan Ray, Ellsworth T R, Valocchi A J, et al. An improved dual porosity model for chemical transport in macroporous soils [J]. J Hydrol, 1997,193: 270-292
66.Beeven K, Germann P, Water flow in soil macropores, Ⅱ. A combined flow model [J]. J Soil Sci, 1981,32: 15-29
67.Germann P F, Beven K, Water flow in soil macropores, Ⅰ. An experimental approach [J]. J Soil Sci, 1981,32: 1-13
68.Germann P. Preferential flow and the generation of nmoff, Ⅰ. Boundary layer flow theory [J]. Water Resour Res, 1990, 26: 3055-3063
69.Chen. C.,D.M.Thomas,R.E.Green and R.J.Wangenet,Two-domain estimation fo hydrauiic Properties in macropore doils SCI.Soc.Am.J.V57: 68-688,1993
70.Chen C, Wagenet R J. Simulation of water and chemicals in macropore soils, Ⅰ. Representation of the equivalent macropore influence and its effect on soil-water flow [J], J Hydrol, 1992,130:105-12
71.Chen C, Wagenet R R. Simulstion of water and chemicals in macropore soils, part 2. Application of linear filter theory [J]. J Hydrol, 1992,130: 127-14
72.Beve K J, Germann P, Water flow in soil macropores, Ⅲ. A statistical approach [J]. J Soil Sci, 1981,32: 31-3
73.Beven K J, Robin Charke T. On the variation of infiltration tito a homogeneous soil matrix containing a population of macropores [J]. Water Resour Res, 1986,22: 383-388
74.Workman S R, Skggs R. A water management model capable of simulating
preferential flow [J]. American society of Agricultural Engineers, 1990,33(6): 1939-1948
75.Gwo J P, Jardine P M, Wilson G V, et al, A multiple-pore-region cocept to modeling mass transfer in subsurface media [J]. J Hydrol, 1995,164: 217-237
76.Dumer W, Fluhler H. Multi-domain model for pore-size bependent transport of solutes in soils [J]. Geoderma, 1996,70: 281-29
77.Steenhuis T S, Parlange J Y, Andreini M S. A numerical model for preferential solute movement in structured soils [J]. Geoderma, 1996,70: 281-29
78.Jurg Hosing, Modeling preferential flow of water in soils-a two-phase approach for field conditions [J]. Geoderma, 1993, 58: 149-163
79.Steenhuis T S, Boll J, Shalit G, te al, Simple equations for predicting preferential flow solute concentration [J], J Environ Qual, 1994, 13: 1058-1064
80.Shalit G, Steenhuis T S. A simple mixing layer model predicting solute flow to drainage lines under preferential flow [J]. J Hydrol, 1996,183: 139-149
81.Montas H J, Eigel J D, Engel B A, et al. Deterministic modeling of solute transport in soils with preferential flow pathways, Prtl. Model development [J]. American Society of Agricultural Engineers, 1997,40(5): 1245-1256
82.Moreno L, Tsang C F. Flow channeling in strongly heterogeneous porous media: A mumerical study [J]. Water Resour Res, 1994,30: 1421-1430
83.Moreno L, Tsang W Y, Tsang C F, et al, Flow and trscer transport in a single fracture: A stochastic model and its relstion to some field observations [J]. Water Resour Res, 1988,12: 2033-2048
84.Jury W. A Simulation of solute transport using a transfer function model [J]. Water Resour Res, 1982,18: 363-368
85.White R E, Thomss G W, Smith M S. Modeling water flow through undisturbed soil cores using a transfer function model derived from 3HOH and C transport [J]. J Soil Sci, 1984,35: 159-168
86.Grant S A, Jabro J d, Fritton D D, et el. A stochastic model of infiltration which simulates "macropore soil water flow [J]. Water Resour Res, 1991,27: 1439-1446
87. Mallants D, Jacques D, Vanclooster M,et el. A stochastic approach to simulate water flow in macroporous soil [J]. Geoderma, 1996,70: 299-324
88．区自清、贾良清、金海燕等，大孔隙和优先流及其对污染物在土壤中迁移行为的影响，土壤学报，1999，36(3)：341—346
89．叶丽娟、李国强．氨态氮的测定方法的研究．衡阳师范学院学报(自然科学版)．2002，23(3)：18-19
90．梁兰英，紫外分光光度法测定土壤中的硝态氮．甘肃环境研究与监测，2001，14(2)：80—81
2．倪余文、区自清，土壤优先水流及污染物优先迁移的研究进展，土壤与环境，2000，9(1)：60-63
3．刘亚平、陈川，土壤非饱和带中的优先流 水科学进展 1996，7(1)：85-89
4. Beven K Germann P. Macropres and Water flow in aoils. Water Resour Res.,1982, 18(5):1311-1325
5. Marshall T J. Relations between waler and soil. Tech. Comm, 1959, 50, Commonwealth Bur Soils, U. K.
6. Zein el Abedine, A., and Glenn h. Robinson. 1971. A study on cracking in some vertisols of the sudan. Geoderma. 5:-229-241
7. Franzmeier, D.P., and S. J. Ross, JR. Soil swelling: laboratory measurement and relation to other soil properties. Soil Sci. Am. Proc, 1968, 32:573-577
8. McCormack, D.E., and L. P. Wilding. 1975. Soil properties influencing swelling in Canfield and Geeburg Soils. Soil Sci. Am. Proc. 39: 496-502
9. Schafer, Willam M,. and Michael J. Singer. 1976. Influence of physical and mineralogical properties on Swelling of soil in Yolo Country, California. Soil Sci. Am. J. 40:557-562
10. Dasog, G.S. et al. Shring-swell potential and cracking in clay soil of Saskatchewan. Can. J. Soil Science. 1988, 68: 251-260
11. Greene-Kelly, R. 1974. Shrinage of clay soils: A statistical correlation with other soil properties. Geoderma. 11: 243-257
12. Magnus Person etal., Modeling plot scale dye penetration by a diffusion limited aggregation(DLA)model. Journal of Hydrology
13．程竹华、张佳宝，徐绍辉．黄淮海平原三种土壤中优势现象的试验研究 土壤学报，1999，36(2)：154—161
14．区自清、贾良清等，大孔隙和优先流及其对污染物在土壤中迁移行为的影响，土壤学报，1999，36(3)：341—346
15. Beven. K and P. Germann. Water flow in soil macropores Ⅱ a combined flow model. Journel of Soil Science, 1981,32: 15-29
16. Jun Lu., and Taiichiro Ookawa. 2000. The effect of irrigation regimes on the water use, dry matter production and qhysiological responses of paddy rice. Plant and Soil, 223: 207-216
17. Vandenbygaart A.J., R. Potz. Changes in pore strcture in a no-till chronosequence of silt looam soil, Southern Ontario, Canadian Journal of Soil Science, 1999,149-160
18. Y Liu, T S Steenhuis, J—Y Parlances. and J S Selker. Hysteretic finger Phenomena in dry and wetted sands. Proceedings of the American Society of Agriculrural Engineers National Sym posium on Preferentisl Flow. Chicago, IL.,U S A., Dec. 16—17,1991,160—170
19. Y Liu, B Bierck. J S Selker, T S SteenhuiS, and J-Y PaRLanGe. High intensiry x-ray and ren-siometer measurements in rapidly changing preferential flow filds.slil Science Society American Journal. 1993, 57: 1188—1192
20. C Raats.Unstable wetting fronts in unlform and nonuniform soils. Soil Science Society American Proceeding. 1973,37: 681-685
21. Philip. Stabiliry analysis of infiltration. Soil Science Society American Proceeding, 1975,39: 1042-105
22. Y Parlange and D E Hill. Thcoretical analysis of wetting front instability in soils. Soil Sci-ence. 1976,122(4): 236—239
23. R J Glass, J-Y parlange, and T S Steenhuis. Wetting front insrability 1, theoretical discus-sion and dimensional analysis. water Resources Research. 1989,25(6): 1187—1194
24. K-J S Kung,J Boll,J S Selker, W F Ritter, and T S Steenhuis. Use of ground penetrating radar to improve water quality monitoring in the vadose zone. Proceedings of the American Society of Agricultural Engineers National Symposium on Preferential Flow, Chicago.IL.Dec. 16-17.1991: 142-149
25．冯杰、郝振纯，水及溶质在有大孔隙的土壤中运移机制研究进展，河海大
学学报，2002，30(2)：63—70
26.Dexter A R. Intemal structure of tilled soil [J].J Soil Sci, 1976,27:267-278
27.Venneul V R, Istok J D, Flint A L, et al. An improved method for quantifying soil macro porosity [J].Soil Sci Soc Am J, 1993, 57:809—816
28.Piyush Singh, Kanwar R S, Macropore characterization for two tillage systems using resin impregnation technique [J].Soil Sci Soc An J, 1991,55: 1674-1679
29.Whlers W, Kokpke U, Hesse F, et al. penetration resistance and root growth of oats in tilled and un-tilled loose soil [J]. soil Tillage Res, 1983,3(2): 261-275
30.Edwards W M,Norton L D,Redmond C E.Characterizing macropores that affect infiltration into nontilled soil[J].Soil Sci Soc Am J,1988,52(2): 483-487
31.Logsdon S D, Allmaras R R, Wu L, et el。Macroporosity and its relation to saturated hydraulic conductivity under different tillage practiced[J].Soil Sci Soc Am J, 1990,54(4): 1096-1101
32.Omoti U, Wild A, Use of fluorescent dyes to mark the pathways of soils under leaching condition,2,Field experiment[J].Soil Sci, 1978,128: 98-104
33.Bouma J, Wosten J, Flow pattems during extended saturated flow in two unsaturated swelling clay soils with different macrostructures [J].Soil Sci Soc Am J,1979,43: 16-22
34.Flury M, Fluhler H, Susceptibility of soils to preferential flow of Water: a field gtudy [J].Water Resour res, 1994,30:1945-1954
35.Radulovich R, Solorzano E, Sollins P, Soil macropore size distribution from water breakthrough curves[J].Soil Sci Soc Am J, 1986,50(30): 578-582
36.Watson K M, Luxmoore R J. Estimating macroporosity in a forest watershed by use of a tension infiltrometer [J].Soil Sci Soc Am J,1986,50(3): 578-582
37.Wilson G V, Luxmoore R J, Infiltration macroporotity and mesoporosity distribution on two watersheds[J].Soil Sci Soc Am J,1988,52: 329-335
38.Wamer G S, Nieber J L, Moore I D, et al, Characterizing Macropores in soil by computed tomography [J].Soil Sci Am J, 1989,53:653-660
39.Anderson S H, Peyton R L, Gantzer C J, evaluation of constructed and natural
soil macropores using X-ray computed tomography [J].Gederma, 1990,46: 13-29
40. Peydon R L, Anderson S H, Gantzer C J, Applying X-rya CT to meaure macropore diameters in undisturbed soil cores[J].Geoderma, 1992,53: 329-340
41. Peyton R L, Gantzer C J, Anderson S H, et al, Fractal dimension to describe soil macropore structure using X-ray computed tomography [J].Soil Sci Soc Am J,1996,60: 1718-1724
42. Zeng Y, Gantzer C J, Payton r L, et al. Fractal dimension and lacunarity determined with X-ray computed tomgoraphy [J].Soil Sci Soc Am J,1996,60: 1781-1724
43．冯杰、郝振纯．CT扫描确定土壤大孔隙分布，水科学进展，2002，13(5)：611-617
44．郝振纯、冯杰．两种土壤大孔隙分布的比较．．水文地址工程地址，2002，2：1-5，24
45．冯杰、郝振纯．CT在土壤大孔隙研究中的应用评述．灌溉排水，2000，19(3)：71-76
46. Freeland R R, Yoder R R, Ammons D T. Observing preferential flow paths beneath west Tennessee's loess terrains using ground penetrating radar[J].Tennessee Agri Science, 1997,181: 51-56
47. Freeland R R, Yoder R R, Ammons D T. Observing preferential flow paths beneath west Tennessee's loess terrains using ground penetrating radar[J].Tennessee Agri Science, 1997,181: 51-56
48. Piyush Singh, Kanwar R S. Preferential solute transport through macropores in large undisturbed saturated soil columns [J].J Environ Qual, 1991,20:: 95-300
49. Li Yimin, Masoud Ghodrati.preferential trsnsport of solute through soil columns containing constructed macropores [J]. Soil Sci Soc Am J, 1997,61: 1308-1317
50. Edwards W M, Shipitalo M J , Dick W A, et al. Rainfall intensity affects transport of water and chemicals through macropores in no-till soil [J]. Soil Sci
Soc Am J, 1992,56: 52-58
51.Shipitalo M J, Edwards W M, Dick W A, et al. Initial storm effects on macropore transport of surface-applied chemicals in nontilled Soil [J]. Soil Sci Soc Am J, 1990,54: 1530-1536
52.Shipitalo M J, Edwards W M. Effects of initial water content on macropore matrix flow and transport of surface-applied chemical [J]. J Environ Qual, 1996,25: 662-670
53.Leaney F W, Smettem K R J, Chittleborough D J. Estimating The contribution of preferential flow to subsurface runoff from a hillslope using deuterium and chloride [J]. J Hydrol,1993,147: 83-103
54.Espeby, Bengt, Tracing the origin of natural waters in a glacial till slope during snowmelt [J], J Hydrol, 1990,118: 107-127
55.Brakensiek D L, Rawls W J, Longsdon S D. Fractal description of macroporosity [J]. Soil Sci Soc Am J, 1992,56: 1721-1723
56.Rawls W J, Brakensiek D L, Longdon S D. Estimation of macropore properties for nontilled soils [J], Soil Sci Soc Am J, 1993,57:1193-1197
57.Rawls W J, Brakensiek D L, Longsdon S D. Estimation of macropore properties for nontilled soils [J]. Transactions of the ASAE, 1995,39(1): 91-95
58.Van Genuchten M T, Wierenga P J. Mass transfer studies in sorbing porous media, Ⅰ. Analytical solutions [J]. Soil Sci Soc Am J, 1976,40: 473-480
59.Van Genuchten M T, Wierenga P J. Mass transfer studies in sorbing porous media, Ⅱ. Expermental evaluation with tritium (~3H_2O) [J]. 1981, 45: 837-842
60.Skopp J, Gardner W R, Tyler E E, Solute Movement in structured soils: two-region model with small interaction [j]. Soil Sci Soc Am J, 1981, 45: 87-842
61.Gerke H H, Van Genuchten M T. A dual-porosity ,odel for simulating the preferential movement of water and solutes in structured porous media [J], Water Resour Res, 1993,29: 305-319
62.Gerke H J, Van Genuchten M T. Evaluation of a frist-order water transfer term for variably saturated dual-porosity flow models [J]. Water Resour Res,
1993,29: 305-319
63.Jarvis N J, Janseon P E, Dik P E, et el. Modeling water and solute transport in macroporous soil, Ⅰ. model description and sensitivity analysis [J]. J Soil Sci, 1991,42: 59-70
64.Jarvis N J, Bergstrom L, Dik P E, Modeling water and solute transport in macroporous soil, Ⅱ. Chloride breakthrough under non-steady flow [J]. J Soil Sci, 1991,42: 59-70
65.Chittaranjan Ray, Ellsworth T R, Valocchi A J, et al. An improved dual porosity model for chemical transport in macroporous soils [J]. J Hydrol, 1997,193: 270-292
66.Beeven K, Germann P, Water flow in soil macropores, Ⅱ. A combined flow model [J]. J Soil Sci, 1981,32: 15-29
67.Germann P F, Beven K, Water flow in soil macropores, Ⅰ. An experimental approach [J]. J Soil Sci, 1981,32: 1-13
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