溜井放矿监控系统的研究
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摘要
溜井放矿在露天矿和地下矿中均被大量采用,溜井放矿能力好坏,直接影响着整个矿山的生产效率及经济效益。但是,由于溜井放矿过程中存在着堵塞、跑矿、矿车定位不准确等问题,严重影响溜井生产,威胁人身和设备的安全,给矿山造成极大的经济损失。把先进的工业控制技术引入到溜井放矿系统中,不仅能够克服这些实际问题,还能够实现自动控制。
随着计算机技术的发展,单片机技术已成为计算机技术的一个独特的分支,广泛地应用于工业控制、智能仪器仪表、机电一体化产品、家用电器的各个领域。单片机具有体积小、成本低、运用灵活,易于产品化；面向对象控制,性价比高；抗干扰能力强等特点,在工业控制中,常被用来作为现场采集和设备控制的工具。进入21世纪,单片机开发应用必将对人类生产和生活的自动化、智能化的实现及扩大起到重要作用。组态软件能够在PC机上开发出良好的人机界面。
本文从溜井放矿系统存在的问题入手,设置了合理的溜井参数,研究设计了一套以单片机为核心,以工业组态软件组态王为平台的溜井放矿监控系统,解决了溜井放矿系统故障预警的难题,实现了溜井放矿系统的监控要求。该系统采用单片机为现场控制器,单片机与上位机进行串行通信,在组态王的基础上实现实时监控。系统采用轨道称重传感器采集溜井的放矿量,运用光电传感器对运输矿车进行定位,实现系统的精确控制。设计了A/D转换接口、光电开关接口、串行通信接口和在线编程接口等硬件电路,实现了对运输矿车的启动、定位和停车的控制,实现了放矿闸门的自动控制,并能对工控现场设备的运行状态进行实时监控。
Orepass-drawing is applied widely in underground mine and surface mine, the performance of orepasses has direct influence on the operational efficiency of a mine as a whole and its economic results.But,due to the problems such as the ore blocking,the ore leaking, the incorrect positioning often occurred during the process of orepass-drawing,influences the production of orepass,and safety of equipment and person seriously,which cause greatly losses.By introducing advanced industrial control technology into the system,not noly can solve these practical problems,but also can realize automatic control.
With the development of technology, single chip technology has become a unique branch of computer technology. It is widely applied in industrial control,intelligent instruments, electromechanical integration and household appliances. Single chip microcomputer has a small size, low price and which is very flexible and can make products very easily. So it is used in object-oriented control and it has a high performance-price ratio and a strong anti-interference. In industrial control, single chip microcomputer is usually used in field collection and equipment control.In the 21st century, the development and application of single chip microcomputer plays an important role in human production, living automation and the expansion of intelligent. Configuration software is able to develop a good man-machine interface in the PC.
This paper beginning with the problems of orepass-drawing system,it has set up reasonable parameters for the orepass,a set of orepass-drawing monitor system,is designed. Based on single chip and configuration software King Vies software.lt has solved the problems of orepass fault alam,realize the monitor demand of orepass-drawing.This system use Single chip as field controller, Single chip communicate with upper computer by Serial communication,the system realizes real-time monitoring.In this paper,pressure pickups is used collecting the signal of orepass-drawing,apply the photo-sensor to lccate mine car and realize the control accruatly. Interface circuit of A/D switch,photoelectric switch, Serial communication switch and ISP and so on are designed.The Orepass-drawing Monitor System has realized the starting,location,stopping of mine car,realized the automatic control of lock gate in orepass-drawing,and at the same time,this system realizes real-time monitoring about equipments' running state in industrial site.
随着计算机技术的发展,单片机技术已成为计算机技术的一个独特的分支,广泛地应用于工业控制、智能仪器仪表、机电一体化产品、家用电器的各个领域。单片机具有体积小、成本低、运用灵活,易于产品化；面向对象控制,性价比高；抗干扰能力强等特点,在工业控制中,常被用来作为现场采集和设备控制的工具。进入21世纪,单片机开发应用必将对人类生产和生活的自动化、智能化的实现及扩大起到重要作用。组态软件能够在PC机上开发出良好的人机界面。
本文从溜井放矿系统存在的问题入手,设置了合理的溜井参数,研究设计了一套以单片机为核心,以工业组态软件组态王为平台的溜井放矿监控系统,解决了溜井放矿系统故障预警的难题,实现了溜井放矿系统的监控要求。该系统采用单片机为现场控制器,单片机与上位机进行串行通信,在组态王的基础上实现实时监控。系统采用轨道称重传感器采集溜井的放矿量,运用光电传感器对运输矿车进行定位,实现系统的精确控制。设计了A/D转换接口、光电开关接口、串行通信接口和在线编程接口等硬件电路,实现了对运输矿车的启动、定位和停车的控制,实现了放矿闸门的自动控制,并能对工控现场设备的运行状态进行实时监控。
Orepass-drawing is applied widely in underground mine and surface mine, the performance of orepasses has direct influence on the operational efficiency of a mine as a whole and its economic results.But,due to the problems such as the ore blocking,the ore leaking, the incorrect positioning often occurred during the process of orepass-drawing,influences the production of orepass,and safety of equipment and person seriously,which cause greatly losses.By introducing advanced industrial control technology into the system,not noly can solve these practical problems,but also can realize automatic control.
With the development of technology, single chip technology has become a unique branch of computer technology. It is widely applied in industrial control,intelligent instruments, electromechanical integration and household appliances. Single chip microcomputer has a small size, low price and which is very flexible and can make products very easily. So it is used in object-oriented control and it has a high performance-price ratio and a strong anti-interference. In industrial control, single chip microcomputer is usually used in field collection and equipment control.In the 21st century, the development and application of single chip microcomputer plays an important role in human production, living automation and the expansion of intelligent. Configuration software is able to develop a good man-machine interface in the PC.
This paper beginning with the problems of orepass-drawing system,it has set up reasonable parameters for the orepass,a set of orepass-drawing monitor system,is designed. Based on single chip and configuration software King Vies software.lt has solved the problems of orepass fault alam,realize the monitor demand of orepass-drawing.This system use Single chip as field controller, Single chip communicate with upper computer by Serial communication,the system realizes real-time monitoring.In this paper,pressure pickups is used collecting the signal of orepass-drawing,apply the photo-sensor to lccate mine car and realize the control accruatly. Interface circuit of A/D switch,photoelectric switch, Serial communication switch and ISP and so on are designed.The Orepass-drawing Monitor System has realized the starting,location,stopping of mine car,realized the automatic control of lock gate in orepass-drawing,and at the same time,this system realizes real-time monitoring about equipments' running state in industrial site.
引文
[1]古德生,王慧英,李觉新.振动出矿技术(第1版).长沙：中南工业大学出版社,1989
[2]郭宝昆.溜井下部结构参数的确定.矿山技术,1987,6(2)：24-28
[3]郭宝昆.溜井适用条件类型位置选择及生产能力的确定.矿山技术,1982,9(1)：58-63
[4]古德生.振动出矿技术的发展与展望,振动出矿技术与装备全国推广会论文集,1992,6(2)：1-12
[5]王昌汉.放矿学(第1版).北京：冶金工业出版社,1982
[6]鲁道夫.克瓦皮尔,C.S. S. R矿山矿槽中粗粒物料的自流世界采矿快报’1991,16(4)：29-36
[7]S A Shuey.Mining technology for the 21st century:lnco digs deep in Sudbury[J].E&M J.China,1999,8(2):7-11.
[8]吴立新等.论21世纪的矿山数字矿山.煤炭学报,2000,25(4)：337-342
[9]孟秀平,李试义.溜井堵塞处理实例.西部探矿工程,2001,8：16
[10]刘秀礼,李怀宇.浅述溜井堵塞原因处理方法与预防措施.四川冶金,1997,13(2)：4-6
[11]殷永家,张丰田.地下矿溜井系统设计中结构参数的选定及实践体会.中国有色金属学报,1998,8(2)：771-775
[12]周建华,周根明.主溜井垮塌分析与研究,有色矿山.2001,30(1)：9-13
[13]郭宝昆,溜井结构尺寸的确定矿山技术,1982,8(2)：57-63
[14]殷永家,张丰田.地下矿溜井系统设计中结构参数得选定及实践体会.中国有色金属学报,1998,8(2)：771-775
[15]《采矿设计手册》编委会.采矿设计手册井巷工程卷(第1版).北京：中国建筑工业出版社,1989
[16]郭宝昆.溜井辅助设施及生产管理.矿山技术,1982,10(6)：66-72
[17]郭宝昆.散体在溜井中得移动规律与溜井结构机放矿量.矿山技术,1992,9(1)：1-9
[18]田启宏.溜井振动放矿机安装与使用得几个问题.金属山,1995,8(12)：53-54
[19]Burneet,A.J.(Bristol Ltd).Chutes for stacker reclainmers generatin of a design method.In:Bulk Solids Handing,2000,20(3):295-301
[20]吴爱祥.矿山溜井出矿新工艺得探讨.国有色金属学报,1998,8(2)763：766
[21]宋前.戴兴国.古德生.振动出矿合理埋设深度得探讨.湖南有色金属,1996,6(2)：1-4
[22]刘守义.单片机应用技术西安(第1版),西安：西安电子科技大学出版社,2002
[23]王田苗.嵌入式系统设计与实例开发(第1版),北京：清华大学出版社,2002
[24]张虹单片机的网络应用,工业控制计算机,2006,32(2)35-37
[25]杨振江.流行单片机实用子程序及应用实例(第2版)西安：西安电子科技大学出版社,2002
[26]靳达.单片机应用系统开发实例导航(第1版),北京：人民邮电出版社,2003
[27]Mazhbits,GL;Bulanov,E.P..Hydraulic investions of a spillway with a constricting chute.In:Hydrotechnical Construction(English translation of Gidrotekhnicheskoe Stroitel'stvo),1999,24(11):703-708
[28]Schena G.D.& P.Model desian in PROSEECTOR Consulation system for the techno economic assessment of the proconcentration applicability Pre-print from IFAC workshop on Expert Systems in Mineral and Metal Processing,Espoo,Fihland.1991
[29]DudaR.Gasching J.&.P.Model design in PROSPECTOR Consultation system for mineral exploration.Expert Systems in the Microelectronic Age.Edinburgh University Press,1979:153
[30]杨振江.流行单片机实用子程序及应用实例(第2版)西安：西安电子科技大学出版社,2002
[31]Shu W Q.Dynamic weighing under nonzero initial conditions.Instrumentation and Measurement,1993,42(4):806-811
[32]Lauber.Optimization of weighing technolngy by using intelligent transmitters.Techrrisches Messen,1991,58(5):188-192
[33]Niediecki M,WasiIewski A.Application of adaptive filtering to dynamic weighing ofvehicles.Control Engineering Practice,1996,4(5):635-644
[34]孙廷耀.谈谈如何选用称重传感器.中国计量,2001,13(11)：42-43
[35]Balachandran Halimic M,Hodzic Metal.OPtimal digital control and filtering for dynamic weighing systems.Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference.USA,1995,36(11):293-294
[36]Chien ChongChen,Chyi Hwang and Ray Y K Yang.Optimal periodic,forcing of nonlinear chemical processed for performance improvernent,TheCanadian doumal of Chemical Engineering,2006,20(1):34-38
[37]Jung Hee Cheon.Dong Hoon Lee.Use of Sparse and Complex Exponents in Batch Verification ofExponentiations.Computers.IEEE,2006,55(12):1536-1542
[38]Chien ChongChen,Chyi Hwang and Ray Y K Yang. Optimalperiodic,forcing of nonlinear chemical processed for perform improvement.The Canadian doumal of Chemical Engineering,2006,20(1):34-38
[39]何立民.单片机应用技术选编(第1版),北京：北京航空航天大学出版社,1995
[40]邱化元,郭殿杰.集散控制系统(第1版).机械工业出版社,1991
[41]靳达.单片机应用系统开发实例导航(第1版),北京：人民邮电出版社,2003
[42]蓝越飞.计算机分布系统在工业配料中的应用.冶金自动化信息,2001,25(3)：25-26
[43]严天峰.串行通信软硬件的实现方法.电子世界,2003,16(4)：25-27
[44]慕春棣.嵌入式系统的构建(第2版).清华大学出版社,2004
[45]阳宪惠.工业数据通信与控制网络(第2版).清华大学出版社,2003
[46]Halimic M,Balachandran,Hodzic.Performance improvement of dynamic weighingsystems using linear quadratic Gaussian controller.Instrumentation and MeasurementTechnology Conference, CO,USA,2003,36(4):1537-1540
[47]Van ltulle Sivh,Volcke E I P,Teruel J L,Donckels B,Van Loosdrecht M C M,Vanrolle-ghem
[48]P.A.Influence of temperature and pH on the kinetics of the Sharon nitritation process.Chem Technol Biotechnol,2007,5(81):471-480
[2]郭宝昆.溜井下部结构参数的确定.矿山技术,1987,6(2)：24-28
[3]郭宝昆.溜井适用条件类型位置选择及生产能力的确定.矿山技术,1982,9(1)：58-63
[4]古德生.振动出矿技术的发展与展望,振动出矿技术与装备全国推广会论文集,1992,6(2)：1-12
[5]王昌汉.放矿学(第1版).北京：冶金工业出版社,1982
[6]鲁道夫.克瓦皮尔,C.S. S. R矿山矿槽中粗粒物料的自流世界采矿快报’1991,16(4)：29-36
[7]S A Shuey.Mining technology for the 21st century:lnco digs deep in Sudbury[J].E&M J.China,1999,8(2):7-11.
[8]吴立新等.论21世纪的矿山数字矿山.煤炭学报,2000,25(4)：337-342
[9]孟秀平,李试义.溜井堵塞处理实例.西部探矿工程,2001,8：16
[10]刘秀礼,李怀宇.浅述溜井堵塞原因处理方法与预防措施.四川冶金,1997,13(2)：4-6
[11]殷永家,张丰田.地下矿溜井系统设计中结构参数的选定及实践体会.中国有色金属学报,1998,8(2)：771-775
[12]周建华,周根明.主溜井垮塌分析与研究,有色矿山.2001,30(1)：9-13
[13]郭宝昆,溜井结构尺寸的确定矿山技术,1982,8(2)：57-63
[14]殷永家,张丰田.地下矿溜井系统设计中结构参数得选定及实践体会.中国有色金属学报,1998,8(2)：771-775
[15]《采矿设计手册》编委会.采矿设计手册井巷工程卷(第1版).北京：中国建筑工业出版社,1989
[16]郭宝昆.溜井辅助设施及生产管理.矿山技术,1982,10(6)：66-72
[17]郭宝昆.散体在溜井中得移动规律与溜井结构机放矿量.矿山技术,1992,9(1)：1-9
[18]田启宏.溜井振动放矿机安装与使用得几个问题.金属山,1995,8(12)：53-54
[19]Burneet,A.J.(Bristol Ltd).Chutes for stacker reclainmers generatin of a design method.In:Bulk Solids Handing,2000,20(3):295-301
[20]吴爱祥.矿山溜井出矿新工艺得探讨.国有色金属学报,1998,8(2)763：766
[21]宋前.戴兴国.古德生.振动出矿合理埋设深度得探讨.湖南有色金属,1996,6(2)：1-4
[22]刘守义.单片机应用技术西安(第1版),西安：西安电子科技大学出版社,2002
[23]王田苗.嵌入式系统设计与实例开发(第1版),北京：清华大学出版社,2002
[24]张虹单片机的网络应用,工业控制计算机,2006,32(2)35-37
[25]杨振江.流行单片机实用子程序及应用实例(第2版)西安：西安电子科技大学出版社,2002
[26]靳达.单片机应用系统开发实例导航(第1版),北京：人民邮电出版社,2003
[27]Mazhbits,GL;Bulanov,E.P..Hydraulic investions of a spillway with a constricting chute.In:Hydrotechnical Construction(English translation of Gidrotekhnicheskoe Stroitel'stvo),1999,24(11):703-708
[28]Schena G.D.& P.Model desian in PROSEECTOR Consulation system for the techno economic assessment of the proconcentration applicability Pre-print from IFAC workshop on Expert Systems in Mineral and Metal Processing,Espoo,Fihland.1991
[29]DudaR.Gasching J.&.P.Model design in PROSPECTOR Consultation system for mineral exploration.Expert Systems in the Microelectronic Age.Edinburgh University Press,1979:153
[30]杨振江.流行单片机实用子程序及应用实例(第2版)西安：西安电子科技大学出版社,2002
[31]Shu W Q.Dynamic weighing under nonzero initial conditions.Instrumentation and Measurement,1993,42(4):806-811
[32]Lauber.Optimization of weighing technolngy by using intelligent transmitters.Techrrisches Messen,1991,58(5):188-192
[33]Niediecki M,WasiIewski A.Application of adaptive filtering to dynamic weighing ofvehicles.Control Engineering Practice,1996,4(5):635-644
[34]孙廷耀.谈谈如何选用称重传感器.中国计量,2001,13(11)：42-43
[35]Balachandran Halimic M,Hodzic Metal.OPtimal digital control and filtering for dynamic weighing systems.Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference.USA,1995,36(11):293-294
[36]Chien ChongChen,Chyi Hwang and Ray Y K Yang.Optimal periodic,forcing of nonlinear chemical processed for performance improvernent,TheCanadian doumal of Chemical Engineering,2006,20(1):34-38
[37]Jung Hee Cheon.Dong Hoon Lee.Use of Sparse and Complex Exponents in Batch Verification ofExponentiations.Computers.IEEE,2006,55(12):1536-1542
[38]Chien ChongChen,Chyi Hwang and Ray Y K Yang. Optimalperiodic,forcing of nonlinear chemical processed for perform improvement.The Canadian doumal of Chemical Engineering,2006,20(1):34-38
[39]何立民.单片机应用技术选编(第1版),北京：北京航空航天大学出版社,1995
[40]邱化元,郭殿杰.集散控制系统(第1版).机械工业出版社,1991
[41]靳达.单片机应用系统开发实例导航(第1版),北京：人民邮电出版社,2003
[42]蓝越飞.计算机分布系统在工业配料中的应用.冶金自动化信息,2001,25(3)：25-26
[43]严天峰.串行通信软硬件的实现方法.电子世界,2003,16(4)：25-27
[44]慕春棣.嵌入式系统的构建(第2版).清华大学出版社,2004
[45]阳宪惠.工业数据通信与控制网络(第2版).清华大学出版社,2003
[46]Halimic M,Balachandran,Hodzic.Performance improvement of dynamic weighingsystems using linear quadratic Gaussian controller.Instrumentation and MeasurementTechnology Conference, CO,USA,2003,36(4):1537-1540
[47]Van ltulle Sivh,Volcke E I P,Teruel J L,Donckels B,Van Loosdrecht M C M,Vanrolle-ghem
[48]P.A.Influence of temperature and pH on the kinetics of the Sharon nitritation process.Chem Technol Biotechnol,2007,5(81):471-480