船载散装难溶保守液体化学品泄漏扩散研究
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摘要
随着海上液体化学品运输、中转量的不断增加,化学品泄漏风险也日益增加,对海上泄漏化学品行为进行合理、可信的数值模拟并在此基础上构建GIS支持下的海上化学品溢漏事故应急决策支持系统具有重要的理论意义和实用价值。
潮流场是影响化学品水中行为的主要因素。在分析国内外潮流场模拟现状和发展趋势的基础上,以宁波-舟山港为应用海域,用POM模式求解潮流场,针对宁波-舟山港附近海域岸线曲折,地形多变的特点,引入网格嵌套技术,小区域的开边界条件由大区域的计算结果来提供,并将预报结果调和成调和常数存储,建立潮流场快速预报模式,并通过和实测数据的比较证明了计算结果的合理性。在分析近海水域环境污染扩散数值模拟的研究应用现状基础上,根据沉降型和类油型保守化学品的性质及其在海上的行为特点,分别建立沉降型化学品行为数值模拟的对流扩散方程模式和类油型化学品粒子拉格郎日迁移模式。
最后,假定舟山港附近海域发生一次化学品泄漏事故,根据化学品泄漏的数量、化学品的物理化学性质、舟山港附近的海洋环境条件等各种数据,对化学品泄漏后的漂移扩散分别以求解对流扩散方程和粒子示踪的方式进行模拟,取得合理、快速的预测结果,为事故的应急反应提供决策参考。
With the increasing transportation of liquid chemicals, the risk of chemicals spill is getting higher and higher. The reasonable numerical modeling of the spilled chemicals at sea is a key technique for risk assessment and contingency decision making, and the design of decision-making support system based on GIS has academic and applied sense.
The tidal ground is the key factor which affects the action of spilled chemicals. Based on analysis of the state numerical modeling on the tidal current, the Ningbo-Zhoushan harbor was selected as the application region with simulated tidal ground using POM.Because of the flexuous coastal line and the diverse topography near the harbor, nested grid method was used to simulate the concerned area. The opening boundary condition of the small area was obtained from the calculation results in large area.Then the tidal consistent constant was calculated and saved as the data in map layer for tidal fast prediction. The result of the model and investigative data indicated its rationality.Based on the analysis of the research and application of numerical simulation of the status quo of environmental pollution in coastal waters, according to the type of settlement of the nature of chemicals and their behaviors at sea, settlement-based numerical simulation of chemical behaviors of the convection-diffusion equation model and Lagrangian particle migration patterns were established.
Later the model was applied in a simulated chemicals spill accident around Ningbo-Zhoushan harbor.The quantity of spilled chemicals,the type of chemicals,the marine environment background et al.were inputed in the model,and the physical and chemical character of the chemicals from established database were got and its individual action for each progress was finally simulated by the established model.
潮流场是影响化学品水中行为的主要因素。在分析国内外潮流场模拟现状和发展趋势的基础上,以宁波-舟山港为应用海域,用POM模式求解潮流场,针对宁波-舟山港附近海域岸线曲折,地形多变的特点,引入网格嵌套技术,小区域的开边界条件由大区域的计算结果来提供,并将预报结果调和成调和常数存储,建立潮流场快速预报模式,并通过和实测数据的比较证明了计算结果的合理性。在分析近海水域环境污染扩散数值模拟的研究应用现状基础上,根据沉降型和类油型保守化学品的性质及其在海上的行为特点,分别建立沉降型化学品行为数值模拟的对流扩散方程模式和类油型化学品粒子拉格郎日迁移模式。
最后,假定舟山港附近海域发生一次化学品泄漏事故,根据化学品泄漏的数量、化学品的物理化学性质、舟山港附近的海洋环境条件等各种数据,对化学品泄漏后的漂移扩散分别以求解对流扩散方程和粒子示踪的方式进行模拟,取得合理、快速的预测结果,为事故的应急反应提供决策参考。
With the increasing transportation of liquid chemicals, the risk of chemicals spill is getting higher and higher. The reasonable numerical modeling of the spilled chemicals at sea is a key technique for risk assessment and contingency decision making, and the design of decision-making support system based on GIS has academic and applied sense.
The tidal ground is the key factor which affects the action of spilled chemicals. Based on analysis of the state numerical modeling on the tidal current, the Ningbo-Zhoushan harbor was selected as the application region with simulated tidal ground using POM.Because of the flexuous coastal line and the diverse topography near the harbor, nested grid method was used to simulate the concerned area. The opening boundary condition of the small area was obtained from the calculation results in large area.Then the tidal consistent constant was calculated and saved as the data in map layer for tidal fast prediction. The result of the model and investigative data indicated its rationality.Based on the analysis of the research and application of numerical simulation of the status quo of environmental pollution in coastal waters, according to the type of settlement of the nature of chemicals and their behaviors at sea, settlement-based numerical simulation of chemical behaviors of the convection-diffusion equation model and Lagrangian particle migration patterns were established.
Later the model was applied in a simulated chemicals spill accident around Ningbo-Zhoushan harbor.The quantity of spilled chemicals,the type of chemicals,the marine environment background et al.were inputed in the model,and the physical and chemical character of the chemicals from established database were got and its individual action for each progress was finally simulated by the established model.
引文
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